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Non-dominant handgrip strength is associated with higher cardiorespiratory endurance and elevated NT-proBNP concentrations in ambulatory male adult outpatients with stable HFrEF Triangto, Kevin; Radi, Basuni; Siswanto, Bambang B.; Tambunan, Tresia FU.; Heriansyah, Teuku; Harahap, Alida R.; Kekalih, Aria; Katsukawa, Hajime; Santoso, Anwar
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1278

Abstract

Understanding the significance of handgrip strength is essential for identifying frailty in heart failure patients. The aim of this study was to identify the association between handgrip strength and cardiorespiratory endurance while highlighting the importance of the musculoskeletal system in cardiac rehabilitation for patients with heart failure. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted at Harapan Kita Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia, from April 2022 to April 2023, among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) attributed to cardiomyopathy or coronary artery disease. Patients were classified by a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) distance into <400 meters (low endurance) or ≥400 meters (high endurance). The short physical performance battery (SPPB), handgrip strength, ultrasonographic forearm muscle thickness, left ventricle ejection fraction, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were measured. Results indicated significant differences in non-dominant handgrip strength, gait speed, and sit-to-stand SPPB scores between patients achieving a 6MWT distance of ≥400 meters and those below this threshold, with values of 31.11±6.88 kg vs 27.66±6.66 kg (p=0.049), 0.52±0.08 m/s vs 0.61±0.13 m/s (p=0.001), and 10.71±2.47 seconds vs 12.85±4.11 seconds (p=0.014), respectively. Stronger non-dominant handgrip strength (>30 kg) was associated with higher endurance (odds ratio (OR): 3.80; 95%CI: 1.35–10.67; p=0.010) and thicker forearm muscles (>1.9 cm) as measured by ultrasonography (AUC: 0.713; 95%CI: 0.585–0.840, p=0.001). In conclusion, a cut-off of ≤30 kg for non-dominant handgrip strength could effectively stratify the male patients into a lower endurance group (6MWT ≤400 meters), which is associated with elevated NT-proBNP levels and reduced forearm muscle thickness.
Exploring the Relationship Between Comprehensive Respiratory Assessment and Intra-Extracardiac Biomarkers in Heart Failure Rehabilitation Triangto, Kevin; Radi, Basuni; Siswanto, Bambang B.; Tambunan, Tresia FU.; Heriansyah, Teuku; Harahap, Alida R.; Kekalih, Aria; Katsukawa, Hajime; Santoso, Anwar
Proceedings Book of International Conference and Exhibition on The Indonesian Medical Education Research Institute Vol. 8 No. - (2024): Proceedings Book of International Conference and Exhibition on The Indonesian M
Publisher : Writing Center IMERI FMUI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69951/proceedingsbookoficeonimeri.v8i-.248

Abstract

Introduction: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is well-known as a systemic disease that involves cardiac and extracardiac issues, with respiratory function playing on of the key role in rehabilitation prognosis. Biomarkers such as soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), myostatin, miRNA-133, and NT-proBNP indicate disease progression. Notably, sST2, which is also produced by the lungs, predicts heart failure outcomes. This study examines the relationship between comprehensive respiratory assessments (e.g., diaphragmatic ultrasonography, spirometry) and intra-extracardiac biomarkers to improve rehabilitation strategies. Methods: Sixty-nine HFrEF patients underwent respiratory evaluations, including diaphragmatic ultrasonography, spirometry, chest expansion measurements, and a six-minute walking test (6MWT). Biomarkers assessed were sST2, myostatin, miRNA-133, and NT-proBNP. Associations between respiratory parameters and biomarkers were analyzed using t-tests and correlation analyses. Results: The median age was 56 years, and 33 (47.82%) of the subjects had diaphragmatic dysfunction, resulting in poorer 6MWT performance (378.03±58.15 m vs 409.75±63.65 m, p=0.017) and other parameters. Superior chest expansion negatively correlated with sST2 (r=−0.387, p=0.001) and positively with miRNA-133 (r=0.442, p<0.001). Similar results were found for inferior chest expansion. No significant correlations were observed for other biomarkers. Conclusion: This study highlights strong associations between chest expansion and sST2/miRNA-133, suggesting that incorporating respiratory assessments and training into HFrEF rehabilitation could enhance outcomes by addressing cardiorespiratory insufficiencies. Given sST2's predictive value for heart failure prognosis, these findings support a multi-component rehabilitation strategy incorporating respiratory training, such as aerobic and inspiratory muscle exercises, to enhance cardiopulmonary outcomes. This integrated approach offers promise for future HFrEF rehabilitation protocols.