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DIR/floortime: Meningkatkan komunikasi dua arah pada anak usia dini dengan gangguan spektrum autisme Afifah, Nursita; Hapsari, Indri
Procedia : Studi Kasus dan Intervensi Psikologi Vol. 12 No. 4 (2024): Procedia : Studi Kasus dan Intervensi Psikologi
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/procedia.v12i4.34476

Abstract

Communication skills predict child’s development in various aspects, such as self-regulation, social-emotional andcognitive abilities. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience deficits in two-way communication skills. Recent study indicates that parental involvement in interventions effectively enhances communication skills in children. The Developmental Individual Differences and Relationship (DIR)/floortime emphasizes the active role of parents in the intervention process. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of DIR/floortime in improving two-way communication skills in a 4-year-old child with ASD and her mother. Pre and post test used to evaluate the progress before and after intervention using Circle of Communication (CoC) observation form and Functional Emotional Assessment Scale (FEAS). The results indicated that DIR/floortime is effective in increasing the quantity and quality of two-way communication and the development of emotional function from level two to four in a 4-year-old child with ASD.Keterampilan komunikasi memprediksi perkembangan anak dalam berbagai aspek, seperti pengaturan diri, kemampuan sosial-emosional dan kognitif. Anak-anak dengan Gangguan Spektrum Autisme (ASD) mengalami defisit dalam keterampilan komunikasi dua arah. Studi terbaru menunjukkan bahwa keterlibatan orang tua dalam intervensi secara efektif meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi pada anak-anak. Perbedaan dan Hubungan Individu Perkembangan (DIR)/floortime menekankan peran aktif orang tua dalam proses intervensi. Studi ini dilakukan untuk menentukan efektivitas DIR/floortime dalam meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi dua arah pada anak berusia 4 tahun dengan ASD dan ibunya. Tes pra dan pasca digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kemajuan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan formulir observasi Lingkaran Komunikasi (CoC) dan Skala Penilaian Emosional Fungsional (FEAS). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa DIR/floortime efektif dalam meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas komunikasi dua arah dan pengembangan fungsi emosional dari level dua hingga empat pada anak berusia 4 tahun dengan ASD.
Emotion Regulation Training Based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Reduce Anxiety Levels in Adolescent Afifah, Nursita; Boediman, Lia Mawarsari
Psikostudia : Jurnal Psikologi Vol 13, No 4 (2024): Volume 13, Issue 4, Desember 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Psikologi, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/psikostudia.v13i4.16743

Abstract

Untreated anxiety may cause various problems in teenagers, such as difficulty in daily activities, social relationship problems, lack of academic performance, and other more complex problems. This research was a quasi-experimental research with a one-group pretest-posttest design that aims to examine the effect of emotion regulation training based on Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in reducing adolescent anxiety levels. The participants consisted of 5 female adolescents (13-14 years) who had moderate to severe anxiety and emotion dysregulation problems. Training is carried out in 5 sessions of 1-1.5 hours. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF) and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 21) were used to measure the level of emotion dysregulation and anxiety before, after, and 3 weeks after the training. The results showed decreased emotion dysregulation (26.9%-30.5%) and anxiety (17.1%-42.8%) among participants. Emotion regulation training based on CBT was effective in increasing the ability to manage emotions and reducing anxiety levels in adolescents. This training can be considered as a group intervention method to overcome anxiety problems in adolescents. Masalah kecemasan yang tidak ditangani berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai hambatan pada remaja, seperti kesulitan melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari, masalah dalam relasi sosial, kurangnya performa akademik dan berbagai persoalan lain yang lebih kompleks. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan one-group pretest-posttest design yang bertujuan menguji efektivitas pelatihan regulasi emosi berbasis Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada remaja. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 5 orang remaja perempuan (13-14 tahun) yang memiliki masalah kecemasan dan disregulasi emosi tingkat sedang hingga berat. Pelatihan dilakukan dalam 5 sesi dengan durasi 1-1,5 jam pada tiap pertemuan. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale Short Form (DERS-SF) dan Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 21) untuk mengetahui perubahan tingkat disregulasi emosi dan kecemasan sebelum, setelah dan 3 pekan setelah pelatihan dilaksanakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan disregulasi emosi (26,9%-30,5%) dan kecemasan (17,1%-42,8%) pada partisipan. Pelatihan regulasi emosi berbasis CBT efektif meningkatkan kemampuan mengelola emosi dan menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada remaja. Pelatihan ini dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu metode intervensi kelompok guna mengatasi masalah kecemasan pada remaja.
Peer Victimization and Nonsuicidal Self Injury: Social Support as a Potential Protective Factor for Adolescents Afifah, Nursita; Asih, Sali Rahadi; Kuntoro, Ike Anggraika
Psychological Research on Urban Society Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a high-risk behavior that increases the desire and likelihood of attempting to commit suicide. Peer victimization has been found to precede NSSI. Both phenomena are prevalent among adolescents living in urban areas. This cross-sectional study investigated the role of social support in the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI. A total of 449 adolescents who lived in urban areas completed the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI), Multidimensional Peer Victimization Scale (MVPS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) to assess NSSI frequency, peer victimization, and perceived social support. The results found that NSSI is higher in girls. While boys experienced more peer victimization, they also perceived more social support. Early adolescents were the most vulnerable to peer victimization and NSSI. NSSI tended to be higher in adolescents whose parents were divorced. Results also showed that social support moderated the effects of peer victimization on NSSI (b = −.021, 95% CI [−.037, .006], p = .007). Family support lessens the impact of peer victimization on NSSI. The interaction between family support and peer victimization significantly explains the 13% variance of NSSI. Interaction between friends and support from significant others with peer victimization was not significant in predicting NSSI.