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All Journal Scientia Psychiatrica Sriwijaya Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sriwijaya Journal of Neurology Sriwijaya Journal of Otorhinolaryngology
Maximillian Wilson
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Journal : Scientia Psychiatrica

 1 
Beyond the Canopy Cover: A Comparative Mediation Analysis of Green Space Quality versus Quantity on Mental Well-being and Social Cohesion in High-Density Low-Income Neighborhoods Jasmila Tanjung; Maya Enderson; Taufiq Indera Jayadi; Eva Naritawati; Nurul Hanifah; Maximillian Wilson
Scientia Psychiatrica Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Scientia Psychiatrica
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/scipsy.v6i3.197

Abstract

Introduction: Rapid urbanization in the Global South has precipitated a mental health crisis, particularly in high-density, low-income neighborhoods where environmental stressors are endemic. While the association between urban green space (UGS) and mental well-being is well-documented, a critical knowledge gap remains regarding the differential impacts of green space quantity (availability) versus quality (usability/biodiversity) and the mediating role of social cohesion. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed a comparative mediation analysis involving 1,240 residents across 15 high-density districts in Jakarta, Indonesia. UGS quantity was measured using satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), while quality was assessed using the Quality of Public Open Space Tool (POST). Mental well-being was evaluated using the WHO-5 Index, and physiological stress was quantified via salivary cortisol. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to test the mediating pathways of social cohesion and physical activity. Results: UGS quality demonstrated a significantly stronger direct effect on mental well-being (β = 0.42, p < 0.001) compared to UGS quantity (β = 0.15, p < 0.05). Social cohesion fully mediated the relationship between UGS quality and well-being (Indirect Effect = 0.18, 95% CI [0.12, 0.25]), whereas salivary cortisol levels were inversely associated primarily with UGS quality (β = -0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusion: In resource-constrained urban environments, the quality of green space—defined by safety, amenities, and aesthetics—is a more critical determinant of public mental health than mere vegetative cover.
Quantifying the Boiling Point: A Distributed Lag Non-Linear Analysis of Heatwave Intensity and the 'Thermal Distress' Threshold for Psychiatric Morbidity in an Indonesian Metropolis Taufiq Indera Jayadi; Eva Naritawati; Nurul Hanifah; Maximillian Wilson; Khairiel Anwar; Febria Suryani; Zaki Ahmad
Scientia Psychiatrica Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): Scientia Psychiatrica
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/scipsy.v6i3.198

Abstract

Introduction: The Indonesian archipelago sits at the forefront of the climate crisis, yet the intersection of heat stress and mental health in this equatorial region remains under-researched. Unlike temperate climates, where heatwaves are sporadic, Indonesian cities face a chronic thermal load exacerbated by the Urban Heat Island effect. Methods: We conducted a retrospective ecological time-series analysis in Jakarta, Indonesia, spanning the period from January 1st, 2014, to December 31st, 2024. Daily psychiatric Emergency Department admissions (Total N = 48,210) were aggregated from three referral hospitals. We utilized a Distributed Lag Non-linear Model combined with a quasi-Poisson regression to correlate admissions with meteorological data from the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics, adjusting for holidays, day of the week, and particulate matter 2.5. Results: The Thermal Distress Threshold was identified at a Wet Bulb Globe Temperature of 29.8°C, reflecting a high degree of physiological acclimatization. Beyond this tipping point, the cumulative Relative Risk for acute psychiatric episodes rose to 1.21 (95% Confidence Interval: 1.14–1.29) at lag 0–3 days. Schizophrenia spectrum disorders showed the highest vulnerability (Relative Risk = 1.26) during the transition season heat spikes. Conclusion: The study establishes a localized thermal threshold for psychiatric emergencies in Indonesia. The findings suggest that high ambient humidity, characteristic of the Indonesian climate, significantly amplifies the psychiatric risk of heat. These results necessitate the integration of psychiatric protocols into the BPJS Kesehatan national health strategy for climate adaptation.
Co-Authors Akmal Hasan Cinthya Callathea Eva Naritawati Fatimah Mursyid Febria Suryani Husin Sastranagara Indri Yani Septiana Jasmila Tanjung Khairiel Anwar Made Swastika Maya Enderson Nur Diana Nurul Hanifah RACHMAT HIDAYAT Taufiq Indera Jayadi Tomiola Owkwulu Yi-Fen Huang Zaki Ahmad