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All Journal Biotropika JSMARTech : Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology
Rofiidah, Anisatul
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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Exploration of Secondary Metabolites in Black Pomegranate Peel Extract (Punica granatum L.) as Antioxidants Using DPPH Method Rofiidah, Anisatul; Innaya, Allinha Yusfin; Putri, Nela Vede Rhofa; Maulida, Hilda Jihan; Dewi, Lina Purnama; Al Shofura, Nadya Raisa; Badria, Shoimatul Umi; Faiza, Hilda Wahyu; Hidayah, Ulfa; Ramadhani, Mieta Widya; Rafsanjani, Ramizard; Januarista, Terra; Faisal, Faisal; Ramadhan, Majida
JSMARTech: Journal of Smart Bioprospecting and Technology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): JSMARTech Volume 5, No. 2, 2024
Publisher : JSMARTech

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jsmartech.2024.005.02.46

Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a plant that contains secondary metabolite compounds that can be used as medicinal content. Black pomegranate contains the highest secondary metabolites compared to red pomegranate and white pomegranate, the skin of the pomegranate contains flavonoids, phenols, tannins, and saponins. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity of black pomegranate peel extract (Punica granatum L.) with the DPPH method. DPPH method is a method to determine the antioxidant activity in the sample by looking at its ability to counteract the free radical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. The results of testing the antioxidant activity of black pomegranate skin (Punica granatum L.) produced an IC50 value of 47.51 ppm which can be concluded that black pomegranate skin is classified as very strong. This research is important because there has not been much research on black pomegranate, especially its skin, so there is a need for additional expansion and renewal of the species. In addition, it can be used as the main basis for the advancement of natural materials, especially in the field of health.
Microbial Contaminants Evaluation of White Pomegranate Peel, Seeds, and Beetroot as Validation of Herbal Raw Material Quality Faisal, Faisal; Ramadhan, Majida; Rofiidah, Anisatul; Nirwana, Linggar
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.03.10

Abstract

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris) are recognized for their numerous health benefits, attributed to their bioactive. However, the use of natural ingredients as traditional medicine requires attention to microbiological safety, given the potential for contamination by pathogenic microbes. This study aims to analyze microbial contamination on the skin and seeds of white pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris). Samples were tested at the Microbiology Laboratory of the Islamic University of Malang using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method to count total microorganisms and qualitative tests to detect the presence of pathogenic microorganisms, such as Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus.  The results showed that the total microbes and mold/yeast for all samples were within the safe limits set by the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM). The highest TPC was found in white pomegranate peel extract (2,1x10? CFU/g), while the highest Total Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) was found in white pomegranate seed extract (8,2x10? CFU/g). Although Salmonella sp. was not detected in all samples, Staphylococcus aureus was identified positively in white pomegranate seed extract. These findings underscore that, although the total microbial count is low, contamination by specific pathogens can occur, most likely during post-harvest handling. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus highlights the importance of implementing strict sanitation controls and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) in the processing of herbal raw materials to ensure product safety.
Co-Authors Al Shofura, Nadya Raisa Badria, Shoimatul Umi Dewi, Lina Purnama Faisal Faisal Faiza, Hilda Wahyu Hidayah, Ulfa Innaya, Allinha Yusfin Januarista, Terra Maulida, Hilda Jihan Nirwana, Linggar Putri, Nela Vede Rhofa Rafsanjani, Ramizard Ramadhan, Majida Ramadhani, Mieta Widya