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All Journal Journal of Research and Technology Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Makara Journal of Science
Ni’mah, Hikmatun
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Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Kinetics Model of Cananga (Cananga Odorata) Fresh Flower Extraction using Microwave Hydrodistillation Method Darnengsih, Darnengsih; Ni’mah, Hikmatun; Mahfud, Mahfud; Kartika Fitri, Ayu Chandra
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 28, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Recent studies have focused on improving essential oil extraction methods by incorporating advanced technologies, such as microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MHD). Despite these advancements, further research is necessary to fully understand how different kinetic models influence extraction efficiency. This study evaluates several kinetic models for extracting essential oil from fresh Cananga flowers using MHD, examining how varying microwave power affects extraction rates and correlates with kinetic model parameters. The extraction process involved introducing 200 grams of fresh Cananga flowers in 400 mL of distilled water and subjecting the mixture to microwave power levels of 200 W, 400 W, and 600 W. The extraction lasted for 180 minutes, with measurements periodically 20 minutes. The data ob-tained analysed using first-order, second-order, power law, hyperbolic kinetic models, and the Elovich’s equation. Re-sults showed that the hyperbolic and power law models provided the best fit for the extraction data, with high accuracy demonstrated by a strong correlation (R² = 0.9992) and low root mean square error (RMSE = 0.0042). These findings suggest that these kinetic models are highly effective for describing the MHD extraction of Cananga essential oil, offer-ing insights for optimizing the process.
Sustainable Synthesis of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals from Glucomannan-Based Bacterial Cellulose Widjaja, Tri; Nurkhamidah, Siti; Ni’mah, Hikmatun; Wardhono, Endarto Yudo; Rohmah, Aisyah Alifatul Zahidah; Tirta, Anggi; Nailah, Rossesari; Sari, Citra Yulia
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 5 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.99360

Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC), derived from glucose fermentation, is a renewable material known for its abundant availability, quick production, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendly characteristics. This study focuses on converting BC into BC nanocrystals (BCNC) via fermentation, hydrolysis using acid solutions, and ultrasonication. Glucomannan flour with concentrations of 50, 60, and 90% was fermented using Acetobacter xylinum for 10 days at pH 5 to produce BC. The BC was then hydrolyzed with HCl solutions at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 M concentrations, followed by sonication. The 90% glucomannan flour yielded the highest BC amount (22.61 g). BCNC hydrolyzed with 1 M HCl exhibited the highest crystallinity (86%) and an elongated rod-like morphology. In contrast, hydrolysis with 4 and 5 M HCl caused carbonization, reducing crystallinity to below 30%. Particle size analysis showed the largest particle size for BCNC-2 (549.4 nm) and the smallest for BCNC-5 (207.2 nm). This research highlights the potential of glucomannan as a resource to produce BCNC for sustainable materials for various applications.
Synthesis of Poly Lactic Acid from Lactic Acid Using Direct Polycondensation Method Using Al(DS)3 and AlCl3 Catalysts Aziz, Ahmad Musonnifin; Widjaja, Tri; Ni’mah, Hikmatun
Journal of Research and Technology Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): JRT Volume 10 No 1 Juni 2024
Publisher : 2477 - 6165

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55732/jrt.v10i1.1163

Abstract

Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) is a type of polymer that is widely researched because it can meet the requirements for biodegradable polymers and can be used in several of applications. Making PLA using the direct polycondensation method is carried out in 3 process stages, namely dehydration, polycondensation and recrystallization. Dehydration was carried out at 130℃ for 1 hour. Polycondensation was carried out at varying temperatures of 160℃, 180℃ and 200℃ with a concentration of 0.15% for 6 hours. In the meantime, 50 ml of methanol was added, and vacuum conditions were used to carry out the recrystallization process. After that, the viscosity method was used to determine PLA's molecular weight. The highest molecular weight and other properties of PLA, such as its functional groups and thermal behavior, are the aim of this study. The findings of the study indicate that PLA has its maximum molecular weight at 180°C, where it is 15576 gr/mol for PLA+Al(DS)3 and 10771 gr/mol for PLA+AlCl3. The PLA+Al(DS)3 and PLA+AlCl3 spectra display the same bands in the stretching and bending vibration modes, according to the FTIR test. Meanwhile, in the TGA analysis, the highest decomposition was shown by PLA+Al(DS)3 at a temperature of 365℃.
Co-Authors Ayu Chandra Kartika Fitri Aziz, Ahmad Musonnifin Darnengsih, Darnengsih Mahfud Mahfud Nailah, Rossesari Rohmah, Aisyah Alifatul Zahidah Sari, Citra Yulia Siti Nurkhamidah Tirta, Anggi Tri Widjaja Wardhono, Endarto Yudo