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Narcissism In Baroness The Antagonist In Cruella Movie (2021): Heinz Kohut’s Perspective Febriyani, Anggita Vina; Sumayah
International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32585/ijelle.v6i2.6097

This study analyzes the narcissistic traits of Baroness, the antagonist in Cruella (2021), using Heinz Kohut's self-psychology theory. The research aims to (1) identify indicators of narcissism based on Kohut's perspective and (2) examine how Baroness's actions represent narcissistic characteristics. A qualitative method was applied to analyze 23 instances of Baroness's behavior, dialogue, and monologue, categorized into five narcissistic traits: grandiose self (39%), lack of empathy (26%), exploitativeness (17%), need for admiration (9%), and narcissistic rage (9%). Data were collected from the film and supported by psychoanalytic theories, e-journals, and literature on narcissism, with analysis conducted using Miles and Huberman's interactive model. The findings reveal Baroness’s grandiose self through her superiority complex and relentless desire for recognition. Her lack of empathy and exploitativeness are evident in her manipulation and disregard for others, while her need for admiration and narcissistic rage highlight her fragile self-esteem and defensive reactions when her authority is challenged. These traits align with Kohut's theory, emphasizing how unmet early emotional needs can lead to pathological narcissism. The study underscores the film's capacity to portray psychological and social issues, providing insights into mental health representations in popular culture and encouraging further exploration of their societal implications.

Opportunistic Behaviors of Harlan Family in Knives Out (2019): Oliver E. Williamson’s Perspective Noor Afifha, Meidina; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Volume 8 Number 1 February 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52429/selju.v8i1.293

This study examines the opportunistic behavior of the Harlan family in the film Knives Out (2019) through the theoretical framework of Oliver E. Williamson's concept of opportunism. The research aims to identify the indicators, manifestations, and motivations behind opportunistic actions depicted in the film. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the analysis draws from primary data in the form of scenes and dialogues, supported by secondary data from literature and theoretical reviews. The findings reveal that opportunistic behaviors in the Harlan family are driven by economic dependency, greed, and information asymmetry. Key indicators include manipulation, deceit, and exploitation of trust, as seen in Ransom's framing of Marta to nullify the will and Walt's coercion using Marta's mother's immigration status. The study demonstrates the relevance of Williamson's theory in analyzing fictional narratives, offering a unique interdisciplinary perspective. However, the research is limited to this theoretical approach and film, suggesting opportunities for future studies to explore psychological or sociological dimensions of opportunism in other works. This research highlights how cinematic storytelling can reflect complex human behaviors and ethical dilemmas.

Walter Mitty’s Personality Transformation in The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (2013): Plato’s Allegory Cave Maheswari Callula; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Volume 8 Number 1 February 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52429/selju.v8i1.294

A movie directed by Ben Stiller, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (2013), offers a visually stunning narrative that has captivated audiences worldwide. This study examines the transformation of Walter Mitty’s personality from the perspective of Plato’s Allegory of the Cave. The research aims to explore how Walter’s journey symbolizes the transition from illusion to self-discovery. Employing a qualitative method, this analysis focuses on narrative and visual elements that reflect the allegorical process of emerging from the "cave" of fantasy into meaningful reality. The data were collected by identifying relevant scenes and analyzing them using Plato’s Allegory of the Cave theory. Walter Mitty’s physical and mental transformation is central to his personal growth, demonstrating how the film explores the theme of self-discovery. Ultimately, The Secret Life of Walter Mitty emphasizes the importance of stepping out of one's comfort zone to face reality, mirroring the process of breaking free from the cave to gain true knowledge.

Social Media Influence on Development of Carl Casper’s Image in Chef: Frank Jefkin’s Perspective Rumandang Bulan, Firdaeisyia; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Volume 8 Number 1 February 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52429/selju.v8i1.295

This research analyzes the impact of social media on Carl Casper’s professional image, using Frank Jefkins' Image Theory from Essentials of Public Relations (1988). The study explores how social media shapes Carl’s public perception and career development in the film Chef (2014), directed by Jon Favreau. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research examines Carl’s transformation through the four stages of Jefkins' theory: Mirror Image, Current Image, Wish Image, and Multiple Image. Data are collected through repeated viewings of the film, analysis of critical scenes, and examination of secondary sources related to social media’s role in shaping Carl’s image. The findings reveal that while social media initially amplifies Carl’s struggles, it ultimately becomes a powerful tool for rebuilding his career. Managed by his son Percy, Carl’s use of social media reshapes his image, turning criticism into admiration and reconnecting him with his audience. This study highlights the transformative potential of digital platforms in public relations and personal branding.

Jo March’s Effort for Equality in The Little Women Film: A Utilitarianism Perspective Dias Nindya Subagiyo; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Volume 8 Number 1 February 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52429/selju.v8i1.296

This study examines the character Jo March in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women (2019) from the perspective of John Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism, focusing on her actions to achieve equality, freedom, and collective happiness. The purpose of this study is to identify indicators of utilitarianism in Little Women from John Stuart Mill’s perspective, analyze how Jo March’s actions reflect the principles of utilitarianism, and investigate the underlying reasons and social implications of her utilitarian behavior, particularly in promoting meaningful happiness and social well-being. Using a qualitative analytical descriptive method, this study uses primary data from dialogues and film scenes, supplemented by secondary sources such as relevant literature and previous studies. The findings of this study reveal that Jo’s actions, such as establishing a school, writing to support her family, and advocating for gender equality, demonstrate actions and commitments to achieving equality, freedom, and collective happiness. This is in line with Mill’s principles of collective happiness, individual sacrifice, and freedom. Her decisions emphasize the importance of prioritizing the welfare of society while pursuing personal aspirations. This study contributes to literary and ethical discourse by offering a new perspective on Jo March as a moral agent who embodies utilitarian ideals, thereby expanding understanding of her character and the film's broader commentary on gender and social progress.

Negative Freedom in the Character of Enola Holmes: Isaiah Berlin’s Perspective on Liberalism Fatin Kamilia Azzati; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Volume 8 Number 1 February 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Language and Literature, University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52429/selju.v8i1.299

This study explores the portrayal of negative freedom as conceptualized by Isaiah Berlin in the character of Enola Holmes in the film Enola Holmes (2020). The research aims to identify aspects of Berlin’s liberalism reflected in the narrative, to describe how Enola exemplifies the principles of negative freedom, and to highlight the significance of achieving such freedom in a patriarchal society. Employing a qualitative method, this analysis focuses on narrative and visual elements that reflect Berlin’s concept of negative freedom. The data were collected by identifying scenes and applying the theory. Enola’s physical and mental transformation is central to her personal growth, demonstrating how the film explores the themes of self-discovery and autonomy. The findings reveal that Enola’s journey represents a compelling embodiment of Berlin’s negative freedom. At the film's outset, Enola is subjected to patriarchal restrictions, particularly through the control exerted by her brother Mycroft. Her decision to search for her mother marks a pivotal moment in reclaiming her autonomy, as she begins charting her own path. The analysis further demonstrates that Enola’s struggle against societal norms and her eventual self-acceptance signify a transformative journey toward individual freedom. Through her defiance of external controls, Enola exemplifies Berlin’s concept of negative freedom, underscoring the importance of autonomy in fostering personal growth and liberation. This research highlights the enduring relevance of Berlin’s liberal philosophy in contemporary narratives.

Terence Fletcher's Strategy to Achieve Success in Whiplash (2014): A Machiavelli’s Perspective Shafa Orland Ivandito; Sumayah
International Journal of English Linguistics, Literature, and Education (IJELLE) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32585/ijelle.v7i1.6518

This study analyzes Terence Fletcher's leadership strategy in Whiplash (2014) through the lens of Niccolò Machiavelli’s theory of power. Fletcher’s extreme methods manipulation, intimidation, and psychological pressure align with Machiavellian principles, particularly the idea that the ends justify the means. While previous studies have explored Fletcher’s psychological impact on students, they have not connected his methods to Machiavellian leadership. This research addresses this gap by examining Fletcher’s use of Machiavellian concepts such as virtù (personal ability) and fortuna (luck), and how they influence Andrew Neiman’s development as a musician. A qualitative analysis of key scenes in the film shows that Fletcher’s tactics, though ethically questionable, effectively push students beyond their limits, demonstrating that success in high-pressure environments often requires sacrifice and resilience. However, the study also highlights the emotional cost of such extreme methods. This research contributes to the understanding of Machiavellian leadership in competitive fields, suggesting that while extreme tactics may lead to success, they come with significant ethical and psychological consequences.

Opportunistic Behaviors of Harlan Family in Knives Out (2019): Oliver E. Williamson’s Perspective Meidina Noor Afifha; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY
Publisher : University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

(2019) through the theoretical framework of Oliver E. Williamson's concept of opportunism. The research aims to identify the indicators, manifestations, and motivations behind opportunistic actions depicted in the film. Using a qualitative descriptive method, the analysis draws from primary data in the form of scenes and dialogues, supported by secondary data from literature and theoretical reviews. The findings reveal that opportunistic behaviors in the Harlan family are driven by economic dependency, greed, and information asymmetry. Key indicators include manipulation, deceit, and exploitation of trust, as seen in Ransom's framing of Marta to nullify the will and Walt's coercion using Marta's mother's immigration status. The study demonstrates the relevance of Williamson's theory in analyzing fictional narratives, offering a unique interdisciplinary perspective. However, the research is limited to this theoretical approach and film, suggesting opportunities for future studies to explore psychological or sociological dimensions of opportunism in other works. This research highlights how cinematic storytelling can reflect complex human behaviors and ethical dilemmas.

Social Media Influence on Development of Carl Casper’s Image in Chef: Frank Jefkin’s Perspective Firdaeisyia Rumandang Bulan; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY
Publisher : University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This research analyzes the impact of social media on Carl Casper’s professional image, using Frank Jefkins' Image Theory from Essentials of Public Relations (1988). The study explores how social media shapes Carl’s public perception and career development in the film Chef (2014), directed by Jon Favreau. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research examines Carl’s transformation through the four stages of Jefkins' theory: Mirror Image, Current Image, Wish Image, and Multiple Image. Data are collected through repeated viewings of the film, analysis of critical scenes, and examination of secondary sources related to social media’s role in shaping Carl’s image. The findings reveal that while social media initially amplifies Carl’s struggles, it ultimately becomes a powerful tool for rebuilding his career. Managed by his son Percy, Carl’s use of social media reshapes his image, turning criticism into admiration and reconnecting him with his audience. This study highlights the transformative potential of digital platforms in public relations and personal branding.

Jo March’s Effort for Equality in The Little Women Film: A Utilitarianism Perspective Dias Nindya Subagiyo; Sumayah
Surakarta English and Literature Journal Vol 8, No 1 (2025): FEBRUARY
Publisher : University of Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

This study examines the character Jo March in Greta Gerwig’s Little Women (2019) from the perspective of John Stuart Mill’s utilitarianism, focusing on her actions to achieve equality, freedom, and collective happiness. The purpose of this study is to identify indicators of utilitarianism in Little Women from John Stuart Mill’s perspective, analyze how Jo March’s actions reflect the principles of utilitarianism, and investigate the underlying reasons and social implications of her utilitarian behavior, particularly in promoting meaningful happiness and social well-being. Using a qualitative analytical descriptive method, this study uses primary data from dialogues and film scenes, supplemented by secondary sources such as relevant literature and previous studies. The findings of this study reveal that Jo’s actions, such as establishing a school, writing to support her family, and advocating for gender equality, demonstrate actions and commitments to achieving equality, freedom, and collective happiness. This is in line with Mill’s principles of collective happiness, individual sacrifice, and freedom. Her decisions emphasize the importance of prioritizing the welfare of society while pursuing personal aspirations. This study contributes to literary and ethical discourse by offering a new perspective on Jo March as a moral agent who embodies utilitarian ideals, thereby expanding understanding of her character and the film's broader commentary on gender and social progress.

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