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Unveiling the Hidden Patterns: A Dermoscopic Analysis of Vitiligo Lesions at a Tertiary Care Center in Surakarta, Indonesia Sesia Pradestine; Muhammad Eko Irawanto; Osdatilla Esa Putri; Trya Oktaviani; Benedicta Lauda Anandita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i4.1258

Background: Vitiligo, a common depigmenting disorder, presents with a variety of clinical manifestations. Dermoscopy, a non-invasive skin imaging technique, has emerged as a valuable tool for evaluating pigmentary disorders. This study aimed to analyze the dermoscopic patterns of vitiligo lesions in a cohort of patients at a tertiary care center in Surakarta, Indonesia, and to correlate these patterns with disease stability. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 20 adult patients diagnosed with vitiligo at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital Surakarta in July 2023. A dermoscopic examination was performed on all patients using a polarized light dermoscope. Dermoscopic features were analyzed and categorized based on the BPLeFoSK criteria (Border, Pigment Network, Lesions, Follicular, Koebner). Disease stability was assessed based on clinical and dermoscopic findings. Results: The majority of patients were female (75%) and between 21-40 years old (65%). All patients exhibited the characteristic "white glow" under dermoscopy. Other common findings included reduced or absent pigment network (40% each), perifollicular hyperpigmentation (30%), and perilesional hyperpigment (30%). Satellite lesions and micro-Koebner phenomenon, indicative of disease activity, were observed in 10% of patients each. Based on these findings, 80% of patients were classified as having stable vitiligo, while 20% had unstable vitiligo. Conclusion: Dermoscopy revealed a spectrum of patterns in vitiligo lesions, with the "white glow" being a universal finding. The majority of patients in this cohort had stable vitiligo. Dermoscopy can aid in assessing disease activity and guiding treatment decisions in vitiligo patients.

Optimizing Sunburn Prevention in Children: A Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Sunscreen Application, Protective Apparel, and Shade-Seeking Behaviors Ellistasari, Endra Yustin; Suci Widhiati; Sesia Pradestine
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1355

Background: Childhood sunburn significantly elevates lifelong skin cancer risk, underscoring the need for effective prevention. While sunscreen, protective apparel, and shade-seeking are advocated, a quantitative synthesis of their efficacy in children is crucial. This meta-analysis aimed to consolidate and quantify the evidence on the effectiveness of these core sun protection strategies in preventing pediatric sunburn. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science (January 2014 - December 2024) identified randomized controlled trials and cohort studies evaluating sunscreen, protective apparel, or shade-seeking behaviors for sunburn prevention in individuals aged 0-18 years. Data on sunburn incidence were extracted, study quality assessed, and pooled Risk Ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Six studies (two RCTs, four cohort studies) involving 8,500 children were included. Regular sunscreen use (SPF ≥30) significantly reduced sunburn incidence (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.55-0.77). Protective apparel use also demonstrated substantial protection (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.60-0.82). Enhanced shade provision and shade-seeking behaviors effectively lowered sunburn risk (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.90). Multi-component strategies combining these approaches showed consistent protective benefits. Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides robust quantitative evidence that diligent sunscreen application, consistent use of protective apparel, and active shade-seeking are all significantly effective in reducing sunburn incidence in children. These findings strongly support multifaceted public health initiatives emphasizing comprehensive sun protection to safeguard pediatric skin health.

Optimizing Sunburn Prevention in Children: A Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy of Sunscreen Application, Protective Apparel, and Shade-Seeking Behaviors Ellistasari, Endra Yustin; Suci Widhiati; Sesia Pradestine
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 8 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i8.1355

Background: Childhood sunburn significantly elevates lifelong skin cancer risk, underscoring the need for effective prevention. While sunscreen, protective apparel, and shade-seeking are advocated, a quantitative synthesis of their efficacy in children is crucial. This meta-analysis aimed to consolidate and quantify the evidence on the effectiveness of these core sun protection strategies in preventing pediatric sunburn. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science (January 2014 - December 2024) identified randomized controlled trials and cohort studies evaluating sunscreen, protective apparel, or shade-seeking behaviors for sunburn prevention in individuals aged 0-18 years. Data on sunburn incidence were extracted, study quality assessed, and pooled Risk Ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) calculated using a random-effects model. Results: Six studies (two RCTs, four cohort studies) involving 8,500 children were included. Regular sunscreen use (SPF ≥30) significantly reduced sunburn incidence (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.55-0.77). Protective apparel use also demonstrated substantial protection (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.60-0.82). Enhanced shade provision and shade-seeking behaviors effectively lowered sunburn risk (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.90). Multi-component strategies combining these approaches showed consistent protective benefits. Conclusion: This meta-analysis provides robust quantitative evidence that diligent sunscreen application, consistent use of protective apparel, and active shade-seeking are all significantly effective in reducing sunburn incidence in children. These findings strongly support multifaceted public health initiatives emphasizing comprehensive sun protection to safeguard pediatric skin health.

UVB-Induced Oxidative Collapse and Melanogenic Activation in a Rat Model of Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation: A Multi-Parametric Analysis Sesia Pradestine; Endra Yustin Ellistasari; Nurrachmat Mulianto; Indah Julianto; Muhammad Eko Irawanto; Nugrohoaji Dharmawan
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1442

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is a primary driver of cutaneous hyperpigmentation disorders, with oxidative stress recognized as a key pathogenic mechanism. However, a comprehensive, multi-level characterization of the causal link between chronic UVB exposure and the resulting oxidative, histological, and melanogenic responses is needed. This study aimed to quantitatively validate a preclinical model of UVB-induced hyperpigmentation by characterizing the reciprocal regulation of key oxidative stress biomarkers and correlating these changes with objective histological evidence of hyperpigmentation. Methods: This controlled in vivo experimental study used 14 male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into a control group (KN; n=7) and a UVB-exposed group (KP; n=7). The KP group received chronic UVB radiation (300 mJ/cm² daily, 5 days/week for 4 weeks). Dorsal skin tissue was harvested for analysis. Oxidative stress was assessed by quantifying malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels via ELISA. Hyperpigmentation was objectively validated and quantified using Fontana-Masson staining for melanin deposition and immunohistochemistry for microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Results: Chronic UVB exposure induced significant hyperpigmentation, confirmed by a 5.8-fold increase in epidermal melanin content (p < 0.001) and a 4.1-fold increase in the number of MITF-positive melanocytes (p < 0.001) in the KP group. This was accompanied by a profound oxidative imbalance: MDA levels increased by 7.5-fold (p < 0.001), while the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx decreased by 80.5%, 65.2%, and 71.4%, respectively (all p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was observed between MDA and all antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD (r = -0.985, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Chronic UVB exposure directly triggers a collapse of the cutaneous antioxidant network, leading to severe lipid peroxidation. This state of profound oxidative stress is causally linked to melanocyte activation and excessive melanin synthesis, driving the hyperpigmentation phenotype. This robustly validated preclinical model provides a powerful platform for investigating the molecular pathophysiology of UVB-induced pigmentary disorders and for evaluating novel therapeutic interventions.

UVB-Induced Oxidative Collapse and Melanogenic Activation in a Rat Model of Cutaneous Hyperpigmentation: A Multi-Parametric Analysis Sesia Pradestine; Endra Yustin Ellistasari; Nurrachmat Mulianto; Indah Julianto; Muhammad Eko Irawanto; Nugrohoaji Dharmawan
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i11.1442

Background: Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation is a primary driver of cutaneous hyperpigmentation disorders, with oxidative stress recognized as a key pathogenic mechanism. However, a comprehensive, multi-level characterization of the causal link between chronic UVB exposure and the resulting oxidative, histological, and melanogenic responses is needed. This study aimed to quantitatively validate a preclinical model of UVB-induced hyperpigmentation by characterizing the reciprocal regulation of key oxidative stress biomarkers and correlating these changes with objective histological evidence of hyperpigmentation. Methods: This controlled in vivo experimental study used 14 male Sprague Dawley rats, divided into a control group (KN; n=7) and a UVB-exposed group (KP; n=7). The KP group received chronic UVB radiation (300 mJ/cm² daily, 5 days/week for 4 weeks). Dorsal skin tissue was harvested for analysis. Oxidative stress was assessed by quantifying malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels via ELISA. Hyperpigmentation was objectively validated and quantified using Fontana-Masson staining for melanin deposition and immunohistochemistry for microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Results: Chronic UVB exposure induced significant hyperpigmentation, confirmed by a 5.8-fold increase in epidermal melanin content (p < 0.001) and a 4.1-fold increase in the number of MITF-positive melanocytes (p < 0.001) in the KP group. This was accompanied by a profound oxidative imbalance: MDA levels increased by 7.5-fold (p < 0.001), while the activities of SOD, CAT, and GPx decreased by 80.5%, 65.2%, and 71.4%, respectively (all p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was observed between MDA and all antioxidant enzymes, particularly SOD (r = -0.985, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Chronic UVB exposure directly triggers a collapse of the cutaneous antioxidant network, leading to severe lipid peroxidation. This state of profound oxidative stress is causally linked to melanocyte activation and excessive melanin synthesis, driving the hyperpigmentation phenotype. This robustly validated preclinical model provides a powerful platform for investigating the molecular pathophysiology of UVB-induced pigmentary disorders and for evaluating novel therapeutic interventions.

Unveiling the Hidden Patterns: A Dermoscopic Analysis of Vitiligo Lesions at a Tertiary Care Center in Surakarta, Indonesia Sesia Pradestine; Muhammad Eko Irawanto; Osdatilla Esa Putri; Trya Oktaviani; Benedicta Lauda Anandita
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 9 No. 4 (2025): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v9i4.1258

Background: Vitiligo, a common depigmenting disorder, presents with a variety of clinical manifestations. Dermoscopy, a non-invasive skin imaging technique, has emerged as a valuable tool for evaluating pigmentary disorders. This study aimed to analyze the dermoscopic patterns of vitiligo lesions in a cohort of patients at a tertiary care center in Surakarta, Indonesia, and to correlate these patterns with disease stability. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 20 adult patients diagnosed with vitiligo at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Moewardi Regional General Hospital Surakarta in July 2023. A dermoscopic examination was performed on all patients using a polarized light dermoscope. Dermoscopic features were analyzed and categorized based on the BPLeFoSK criteria (Border, Pigment Network, Lesions, Follicular, Koebner). Disease stability was assessed based on clinical and dermoscopic findings. Results: The majority of patients were female (75%) and between 21-40 years old (65%). All patients exhibited the characteristic "white glow" under dermoscopy. Other common findings included reduced or absent pigment network (40% each), perifollicular hyperpigmentation (30%), and perilesional hyperpigment (30%). Satellite lesions and micro-Koebner phenomenon, indicative of disease activity, were observed in 10% of patients each. Based on these findings, 80% of patients were classified as having stable vitiligo, while 20% had unstable vitiligo. Conclusion: Dermoscopy revealed a spectrum of patterns in vitiligo lesions, with the "white glow" being a universal finding. The majority of patients in this cohort had stable vitiligo. Dermoscopy can aid in assessing disease activity and guiding treatment decisions in vitiligo patients.

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