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All Journal Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Arowora, Kayode Adebisi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Engineering Environmental Science Physics Social Sciences Other

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Recent Advances in Lipid Metabolism and Regulations: A Review Titus, Stephen Dio; Emmanuel, Allahnanan; Stephen, Ezeonu Chukwuma; Tatah, Silas Verwiyeh; Arowora, Kayode Adebisi
Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS Vol 3 No 1 (2025): Journal of Multidisciplinary Science: MIKAILALSYS
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/mikailalsys.v3i1.5044

Abstract

Lipid metabolism is a highly intricate and tightly regulated process essential for cellular function, energy homeostasis, and metabolic balance. It encompasses lipid synthesis (lipogenesis), storage, breakdown (lipolysis and β-oxidation), and transport, all of which are orchestrated by complex regulatory networks involving enzymes, transcription factors, hormones, and environmental influences. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is implicated in various metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic syndrome. Recent advances in lipidomics, molecular biology, and metabolic engineering have significantly expanded our understanding of lipid metabolism, revealing novel regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs) as modulators of lipid homeostasis has provided new insights into gene regulation, while research on gut microbiome interactions has highlighted the role of microbial metabolites in lipid metabolism. Key metabolic pathways, such as fatty acid synthesis, triglyceride metabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis, and ketogenesis, are controlled by pivotal regulatory elements, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Additionally, cholesterol biosynthesis, transport, and excretion are modulated through intricate feedback mechanisms involving the liver, lipoproteins, and sterol regulatory networks. This review explores the latest advancements in lipid metabolism, including lipidomics applications, regulatory mechanisms, and emerging therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders. A deeper understanding of lipid metabolic pathways and their regulation will pave the way for novel precision medicine approaches in managing lipid-related diseases and optimizing metabolic health.
Evaluation of Serum Biochemical Parameters in Male Wistar Rats Administered with Azadirachta Indica Silver Nanoparticles Arowora, Kayode Adebisi; Ugwuoke, Kenneth Chinekwu; Abah, Moses Adondua; Dauda, Abdulrashid; Ruyati, Samuel Sunny
Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art Vol 2 No 3 (2024): Asian Journal of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Art
Publisher : Darul Yasin Al Sys

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58578/ajstea.v2i3.3211

Abstract

The excessive exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has raised concerns about their possible risks to the human health. This study investigated the effects of administering silver nanoparticles on serum biochemical parameters in male wistar rats. Synthesis of AgNPs from AgNO3 and plant extract was achieved using standard methods. At the same time, the characteristic peak of the synthesized AgNPs was determined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at a resolution of 1 nM. The crystal structure of AgNPs was determined using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), while kidney and liver function parameters were carried out using serum with the aid of biochemical kits. A total of sixteen male wistar rats were randomly allotted into four experimental groups of four rats per group. Group 1 served as the control and received potable water. Groups two, three and four were orally administered with varying concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg daily for two weeks respectively. Following cessation of treatments, rats were sacrificed under anaesthetization, and serum samples were collected for analysis. The result revealed that the absorption characteristic peak of the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of the silver nanoparticles synthesized was 450 nM. It was also observed that the urea, creatinine, and potassium ion (K+) had no significant difference (P>0.05). However, the values of total bilirubin (11.00±3.68 mg/dl) and Sodium ion (140.00±3.54) in group 4 decreased significantly (P<0.05) when compared to group 2, 3 and the control group. Also, it was observed that there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in the value of Chloride ion in all the administered group when compared to the control. Synthesized silver nanoparticles from A. indica also affected the level of liver parameters such as ALT, ALP, TP AST, and Albumin in a non-significant way. This study found no evidence of hazardous effects from silver nanoparticles, which could be attributed to the minimal dosage of AgNPs or the nanoparticles' source.
Co-Authors Abah, Moses Adondua Dauda, Abdulrashid Emmanuel, Allahnanan Ruyati, Samuel Sunny Stephen, Ezeonu Chukwuma Tatah, Silas Verwiyeh Titus, Stephen Dio Ugwuoke, Kenneth Chinekwu