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All Journal Acintya Tonil, Jurnal Kajian Sastra, Teater dan Sinema
Tama, Krisna
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Arts Humanities

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PERFORMATIVITAS RITUAL MANGULOSI DALAM PERKAWINAN ADAT MASYARAKAT BATAK TOBA Tama, Krisna; Lephen, Purwanto
Acintya Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Institut Seni Indoensia Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33153/acy.v15i2.5117

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe mangulosi ritual is part of the ulaon unjuk ritual ceremony in Toba Batak marriages. This research analyzes the performativity of the mangulosi ritual based on an "is" performance perspective. The method used is qualitative with a theater anthropology approach. The results showed that the mangulosi ritual is a spectacle that allows active interaction between the presenter and the audience. The historical condition of the culture of the Toba Batak people who do not have performing arts performances outside of traditional ceremonies, so traditional ceremonies become one of the places to watch performances. As a performance continuum, the mangulosi ritual has some basic similarities with theater. These similarities are that it has a specific time, gives symbolic value to objects, is non-productive, has certain rules, and is often held in special places. It can be a limitation of the mangulosi ritual event ("is") a performance that has similarities with theater referring to the cultural context of the Toba Batak community. Keyword: Mangulosi, Performativity, Theater Anthropology, Performance ABSTRAKRitual mangulosi merupakan bagian dari upacara ritual ulaon unjuk dalam perkawinan masyarakat Batak Toba. Penelitian ini menganalisis performativitas ritual mangulosi berdasarkan perspektif “adalah” pertunjukan (“is” performance). Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan antropologi teater. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ritual mangulosi merupakan sebuah tontonan yang memungkinkan interaksi aktif antara penyaji dan penonton. Hal tersebut didukung oleh kondisi historis budaya masyarakat Batak Toba yang tidak memiliki seni pertunjukan yang dipergelarkan di luar upacara adat, sehingga upacara adat menjadi salah satu tempat untuk menyaksikan pertunjukan. Sebagai salah satu kontinum dari performance, ritual mangulosi memiliki beberapa persamaan dasar dengan teater. Beberapa persamaan tersebut adalah memiliki waktu tertentu, pemberian nilai simbolik pada objek, bersifat non produktif, memiliki aturan tertentu, dan kerap diselenggarakan di tempat-tempat khusus. Hal tersebut dapat menjadi pembatas peristiwa ritual mangulosi adalah pertunjukan (“is”) performance yang memiliki persamaan dengan teater mengacu pada konteks kebudayaan masyarakat Batak Toba. Kata kunci: Mangulosi, Performativitas, Antropologi Teater, Pertunjukan
TRANSMISI BUDAYA MASYARAKAT ADAT BATAK TOBA DALAM PERGELARAN BUDAYA ULAON UNJUK DI TAPANULI UTARA Tama, Krisna; Sathotho, Surya Farid; Sahid, Nur
TONIL: Jurnal Kajian Sastra, Teater dan Sinema Vol 21, No 2: September 2024
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24821/tnl.v21i2.13759

Abstract

This research examines the Ulaon Unjuk ritual in Sigotom Julu on December 2, 2022, with the aim of analyzing the performance elements and the cultural values transmitted through its execution. Ulaon Unjuk is a traditional marriage ritual of the Batak Toba community, which plays a crucial role in fulfilling the existential goals of hagabeon (prosperity in descendants), hamoraon (wealth), and hasangapon (honor). To this day, the Ulaon Unjuk ritual remains a mandatory practice to ensure that the bride and groom receive social validation as members of the Batak Toba indigenous community. As a marriage ritual, Ulaon Unjuk constitutes a cultural performance that encompasses elements of a staged event and facilitates the transmission of cultural values. This study employs a qualitative ethnographic approach for data collection, with the data subsequently analyzed narratively and inductively using a cultural performance framework. The findings are documented through ethnographic writing techniques. The results reveal that the Ulaon Unjuk ritual is carried out according to specific sequences and rules, is non-productive in nature, utilizes symbolic objects, and involves a designated performance space. These findings imply that Ulaon Unjuk includes performative aspects akin to theater. The ritual also incorporates the concept of Dalihan Na Tolu, which is central to the cultural values of the Batak Toba community, encompassing aspects such as patrilineality, clan (marga), marhobas (mutual assistance), tudu-tudu sipanganon (sharing of food), jambar (division of ritual objects), marsisisean (mutual respect), ulos (traditional cloth), tortor (traditional dance), tandok (ritual container), and others. In conclusion, the Ulaon Unjuk ritual represents a cultural performance that embodies theatrical elements and transmits the cultural values of the Batak Toba indigenous community through its enactment.Keywords: Batak Toba, Cultural Transmission, Dalihan Na Tolu, Ulaon Unjuk
Co-Authors Nur Sahid Purwanto Lephen Surya Farid Sathotho