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PELINDUNGAN HUKUM UNTUK PENYEDIA JASA ATAS WANPRESTASI PEMBAYARAN YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH PENGGUNA JASA DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJA KONSTRUKSI Ahmad Haekal; Felicitas Sri Marniati; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 10: Maret 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53625/jirk.v4i10.9891

Abstract

Construction work agreements are the basis for legal relations that develop between service providers and service users in the context of construction services, according to Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 tentang Jasa Konstruksi (UUJK). This relationship is under the scope of civil law, especially agreements. The phenomenon occurs, service users do not pay their obligations to service providers. The problem formulation of this research is how legal responsibility for payment default to service providers in construction work agreements and how is legal protection for service providers for payment default by service users in construction work agreements. The legal theory used in this research is the Agreement Theory from Subekti and the Legal Protection Theory from Satjipto Raharjo. The method used in this research is normative juridical research, specifically library law research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary legal sources. As for the research approach used Statue Approach, Case Approach, Analytical Approach, Conceptual Approach and the method of collecting the legal materials are carried out by identifying and taking an inventory of positive law, journal and other legal sources. The method used in analyzing legal material (interpretation). Grammatically and systemic and legal construction methods. From the research, the right form for service providers of not getting from a service provider is the payment that should be paid by the service user after fulfilling their obligations legal protection can achieve for service providers from valid agreements. A valid agreement will create laws for each party. The rights can be sued.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PERUSAHAAN TERKAIT PELANGGARAN RAHASIA DAGANG DALAM PERJANJIAN KERJA Febrianti Anastasya Sarah Amelia; Irhamsah, Irhamsah; Felicitas Sri Marniati
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Abstract

A trade secret refers to information unknown to the public in the fields of technology and business that has economic value due to its usefulness in business activities and is kept confidential by the trade secret owner. In every company, employees perform tasks that expose them to the company’s trade secrets. Therefore, employment agreements are established. However, these trade secrets are sometimes disclosed by employees even after they leave the company. This research formulates the legal consequences of employment agreements between companies and employees concerning trade secret violations, as well as the legal protection available for companies as trade secret owners in the event of such violations.This research applies the legal protection theory by Satjipto Raharjo and the legal consequences theory by R. Soeroso. The research method used is normative juridical research, which involves legal literature studies or secondary data sources, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research approach includes statutory, analytical, conceptual, and case study approaches. Legal material collection techniques involve identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, book literature, journals, and other legal sources. Legal material analysis techniques involve grammatical and systematic legal interpretation, as well as analogy and legal refinement construction methods.The findings indicate that the legal consequences of employment agreements between companies and employees to protect trade secrets may restrict individuals' rights to choose, obtain, or change jobs, which conflicts with statutory regulations. The Indonesian Civil Code (KUHPerdata) has provisions regarding non-compete agreements in employment contracts. However, Indonesian law does not explicitly regulate limitations on the use of clauses that could harm employees in employment agreements. Employment agreements must meet the objective elements of an agreement, including clear limitations on competing companies, timeframes, and geographic scope.Legal protection for companies as trade secret owners in the event of employment termination ensures that trade secrets remain legally protected even after the employment agreement ends. This is because trade secrets are directly protected by law as long as the information remains confidential, has economic value, and is safeguarded. Preventive legal efforts by companies include establishing standard rules regarding trade secret protection, both during and after employment, since the Trade Secret Law ensures continuous protection as long as confidentiality is maintained.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMILIK KAPAL TERKAIT TIDAK DIPENUHINYA KEWAJIBAN BAYAR OLEH PENCARTER DALAM PERJANJIAN CARTER KAPAL LAUT MENURUT WAKTU Febbyanti Rahmadian; Felicitas Sri Marniati; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge Vol. 4 No. 11: April 2025
Publisher : Bajang Institute

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Abstract

A time-based ship charter agreement, as a reciprocal contract, obligates the shipowner to provide the vessel to the charterer and requires the charterer to pay the charter fee to the shipowner. This study aims to examine the legal consequences arising from the charterer's failure to fulfill the payment obligation to the shipowner, using an analysis based on the theory of legal consequences as presented by R. Soeroso. Additionally, this study seeks to explore the legal protection available to the shipowner in relation to the charterer's non-fulfillment of payment obligations, applying the legal protection theory proposed by Satjipto Rahardjo The method used in this research is a type of normative juridical research, namely literature law research or secondary data with sources of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The research approaches used are legislation, analysis, case, and conceptual approaches. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, literature, books, journals and other sources of legal materials. For legal material analysis techniques, it is carried out by grammatical, systematic legal interpretation and legal construction methods.From the results of the study, it can be obtained that the legal consequences of non-implementation of the payment obligation by the charterer are in the form of fulfillment of the agreement, fulfillment of the agreement with compensation for damages, compensation for damages, cancellation of mutual agreements, or cancellation with compensation for damages. The legal protection provided to ship owners is by the rules of material law and formal law in laws and regulations.
KONSEKUENSI HUKUM DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS TERHADAP AKTA YANG MENGANDUNG UNSUR PENYALAHGUNAAN KEADAAN. Syaputra, Maulana; Irhamsah, Irhamsah; Ridwan, Refki
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, April 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i4.2564

Abstract

The notary profession provides legal certainty and maintains legal enforceability in civil law jurisdictions. In the agreement, legal conditions must be met, and the Notary has authority in the civil sphere. Abuse of circumstances can lead to the cancellation of the agreement, and the Precautionary Principle of Notaries prevents it with the practice of identity recognition, data verification, and fulfillment of technical conditions. Although the abuse of circumstances is not directly regulated, the notary must guarantee the correctness of the deed in accordance with the law. This study raises the issue of how the legal consequences of the authentic deed made before the notary in which one party abuses the circumstances and how the responsibility of the notary to the deed made where one party abuses the circumstances of the other party, using the theory of legal consequences and responsibility theory. The method used in this study is the normative juridical method, namely legal research conducted by researching library materials or secondary data only. The research approach used is the approach of legislation, case approach, analytical approach and conceptual approach. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, researching library materials (books, scientific journals, research reports) and other sources of legal materials that are relevant to the legal issues under study. For technical analysis of legal material is done by systematic and grammatical interpretation. The result of this study is that the authentic deed made before a notary, if it is in accordance with the legislation, remains valid and binding on the parties. However, if there is an indication of abuse of circumstances by one of the parties, the court can cancel it, provided that it can be proven in a judicial process and the Notary has the responsibility to make the authentic deed honestly and with full precision, according to the legislation. If one of the parties misuses the circumstances and the court invalidates the deed, the notary can be held accountable or demand compensation, provided that it is proven that there was an unlawful act in the creation of the authentic deed.
KEPASTIAN HUKUM AKTA PERJANJIAN KERJASAMA ANTARA PEMERITAH DKI JAKARTA DENGAN PIHAK PENGEMBANG TERKAIT PEMENUHAN KEWAJIBAN FASILITAS SOSIAL DAN FASILITAS UMUM YANG TELAH DISETUJUI DALAM SURAT IZIN PENUNJUKAN PENGGUNAAN TANAH (SIPPT). Kurniawan, Iwan; Marniati, Felicitas Sri; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, February 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i2.2301

Abstract

Legal certainty regarding the Deed of Cooperation Agreement between the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta and the Developer regarding providing social and public health obligations in the Land Use Designation Letter (SIPPT), has been regulated in the Civil Code and DKI Jakarta Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 concerning Public Infrastructure, Facilities and Utilities, but it has been implemented what happens is not fulfilling its obligations. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the authority of the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta is related to the non-fulfillment of social and social infrastructure obligations in the SIPPT by the floating party, and how is the legal certainty of the deed of cooperation agreement between the Regional Government of DKI Jakarta and the relevant Floating Party containing the social and public welfare obligations in the SIPPT. Legal theories used in this research: Authority Theory according to Bagir Manan and Legal Certainty Theory according to Gustav Radbruch. The method used in this research is a type of normative juridical research, namely legal library research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The research approaches used are the Legislative, Conceptual, Case and Analytical Approaches and techniques for collecting legal materials are carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, literature books, journals and other sources of legal materials. The analysis technique for legal materials is carried out using Grammatical Interpretation and Systematic Interpretation. The results of this research indicate that the DKI Jakarta Government has the authority to collect, supervise, prohibit, complete maintenance, provide administrative sanctions and criminal sanctions for providing social and public health obligations to developers in accordance with DKI Jakarta Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2002 concerning Public Infrastructure, Facilities and Utilities. The commitment and professionalism of DKI Jakarta Regional Government officials to carry out their authority by providing strict sanctions to developers who do not carry out their obligations. Legal certainty regarding the deed of cooperation agreement between the DKI Jakarta Government and the Developer regarding social and public facilities obligations in accordance with the Land Use Designation Permit (SIPPT), has legal certainty in accordance with the Pacta Sunt Servanda Principle where the agreement is valid as law for the party making it. Changes to the agreement are possible as long as both parties agree to it in the form of an addendum to the agreement, however non-implementation of the agreement is a breach of contract which can be sued in court.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELANGGAN TERKAIT PENERAPAN PERJANJIAN BAKU SEKTOR PELAYANAN PUBLIK. Sunanto, Rifto; Tondy, Cicilia Julyani; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Maret 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i3.2405

Abstract

This study examines aspects of legal protection for customers in the context of the application of standard agreements in the public service sector. In an effort to provide public services, standard agreements are often used as a legal basis, but this can lead to potential inequalities between service providers and customers. The focus of the study includes the analysis of applicable legal provisions to protect the rights of customers in the public service sector standard agreements, with emphasis on the effectiveness of the protection provided. The research method involves a normative legal study approach to explore various regulations relating to customer protection in the public service sector standard agreements. Furthermore, case studies are used to illustrate the implementation of the raw Agreement and its impact on customers. Thus, this study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of legal protection for customers, with the hope that the results can contribute to improving regulations that pay more attention to customer rights, improve welfare, and ensure justice in public services. The result of this study is the application of standard agreements in the public service sector, as stipulated in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, confirms that consumer protection is the responsibility of all citizens of Indonesia in accordance with national development goals in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution. In the midst of the drive to achieve high economic profits and fierce competition, some business actors tend to act fraudulently, harming the interests of consumers. Therefore, legal protection in the public service sector for customers is regulated through standard clauses, which are rules and conditions set by business actors, although consumer protection laws have prohibited the use of standard clauses. Ironically, the conditions in the community indicate that standard agreements are still often used by business actors or entrepreneurs.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBERI WARALABA MEREK ATAS TIDAK DIBAYARNYA ROYALTI OLEH PENERIMA WARALABA DALAM  PERJANJIAN WARALABA Purba, Felix Martuah; Kumala, Yudha Cahya; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Maret 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i3.1027

Abstract

Article 1338 paragraph 1 of the Civil Code concerning the principle of freedom of contract which states that all agreements made legally apply as law for those who make them. Therefore, the franchise cooperation agreement applies as law for the parties. In practice, even though the franchise agreement has been made in a notarial deed, the franchisee defaults on royalty payments in the franchise agreement, this of course results in losses for the franchiser. The problem formulation in this research is what are the legal consequences for brand franchisees for non-payment of royalties to the franchisor in the franchise agreement? And what is the legal protection for brand franchisors for non-payment of royalties by franchisees in franchise agreements? The theories used in this research are the theory of legal consequences according to R. Soeroso and the theory of legal protection according to Satijipto Rahardjo.The method used in this research is normative juridical research in the form of library legal materials or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The research approach used is statutory, conceptual, analytical and case approaches as well as techniques for collecting legal materials by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, book literature, journals and other sources of legal materials. The analysis technique for legal materials is carried out using systematic legal interpretation, grammar and analogy construction. The research results show that the legal consequences for brand franchisees of non-payment of royalties to the franchisor in the franchise agreement are that the franchise agreement can end, where the franchisor will cancel the cooperation agreement and ask the franchisee to stop selling the product. In addition, the franchisee is obliged to pay royalty fees as compensation for the use of the franchisor's IPR to run the franchise business as agreed in the franchise agreement.  Legal protection for the brand franchisor for non-payment of royalties by the franchisee in the franchise agreement is in the form of repressive protection, where the franchiser has the right to give a warning either verbally or in writing in the form of a summons. Meanwhile, if this does not provide a solution, the franchiser has the right to file a lawsuit through the District Court against the franchisee who does not pay royalties, so that the franchisor as the injured party can recover all his rights and compensation for non-payment of royalties by the franchisee
Kepastian Hukum Ahli Waris Personal Guarantee yang Turut Dipailitkan Akibat Pailitnya Debitor Prinsipal Purba, Agatha Putri Gracia Uliana; Tondy, Cicilia Julyani; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, Januari 2024
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/armada.v2i1.1154

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengindikasikan analisis tentang kepastian hukum terkait ahli waris personal guarantee yang ikut dipailitkan karena pailitnya debitor prinsipal. Uraian ini mungkin mencakup pemahaman tentang ketentuan hukum yang mengatur tanggung jawab ahli waris dalam konteks personal guarantee ketika debitor utama mengalami kegagalan keuangan dan pailit. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Analisis bahan hukum dilakukan melalui metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Bahwa Hak istimewa penanggung dalam pailit disamakan dengan debitor utama, tidak sesuai dengan teori penanggungan. Masalahnya timbul saat penanggung meninggal, ahli warisnya ikut dipailitkan, terutama jika harta penanggung tidak cukup untuk lunasi utang debitor. Ini menyebabkan kurator bisa menyita harta pribadi ahli waris dan dalam Pasal 1826 KUHPerdata jadi dasar putusan untuk ahli waris penanggung yang ikut dipailitkan dengan debitor utama. Ini membuat kekayaan ahli waris dianggap boedel pailit, tanpa bedakan harta pribadi dan warisan. Sebagai hasilnya, ahli waris penanggung bertanggung jawab tanpa batasan, padahal sebenarnya Pasal 209 UUKPKPU telah mengatur batasan harta warisan yang dapat disita. Inkonsistensi antara Pasal 1826 KUHPerdata dan Pasal 1100 KUHPerdata dengan Pasal 207 dan Pasal 209 UU kepailitan dan PKPU menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum bagi ahli waris penanggung.
Kepastian Hukum Personal Guarantee Sebagai Penjamin Kredit Bank yang Juga Menjadi Penjamin untuk Debitur Lain di Bank Lain Bahri, Bahri; Tondy, Cicilia Julyani; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, Januari 2024
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/armada.v2i1.1156

Abstract

Abstract : Based on Article 1820 of the Civil Code, an individual guarantee (borgtocht or personal guarantee) is an agreement in which a third party, for the benefit of the debtor, commits himself to fulfill the debtor's obligations regarding the main agreement. The individual agreement is in the form of an assessor or additional guarantee, but apart from that, a fixed asset guarantee is required. This research aims to find out how to implement the provision of a personal guarantee for all personal assets to pay off the debt of 2 (two) debtors at another bank and find out the extent of legal certainty. regarding the act of guaranteeing a personal guarantee for 2 (two) debtors at another bank, the issue is whether the implementation of the guarantee is in accordance with the rules and regulations so that it does not violate the rules because in general and according to the regulations, a personal guarantee only guarantees one debtor, so the problem What is discussed in this article is the process of implementing a personal guarantee which guarantees more than 1 (one) debtor at a different bank, apart from that, what is the form of legal certainty in implementing a personal guarantee which guarantees more than 1 (one) debtor at another bank .The legal theory used in this research is the theory of legal certainty according to Gustav Radbruch and the legal theory of guarantee by J Satrio. The method used in the research is normative juridical, namely legal research interviews or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The research approaches used are the Legislative Approach, Conceptual Approach, Analytical Approach, Case Approach and techniques for collecting legal materials by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, book literature, journals and other sources of legal materials. The analysis technique for legal materials is carried out using grammatical interpretation, historical interpretation and systematic interpretation, and legal construction methods. The results of the research found that providing personal guarantees by guaranteeing more than 1 (one) debtor in different banks is not optimal because it is only limited to the bank's internal beliefs, especially as such personal guarantees are only considered as moral guarantees so that many legal loopholes can occur, and up to Currently, the Civil Code, Banking Law, and OJK Regulations do not have clear rules either prohibiting or allowing such legal actions, so there is no legal certainty for the parties. However, the practice of personal guarantees to date is still an additional guarantee apart from material guarantees.   Keywords : Bank credit which is also a  guarantor for    Other Debtors in Other Banks, Guarantee, Personal Guarantee Legal Certainty.   Abstrak : Berdasarkan Pasal 1820 KUH Perdata, jaminan perorangan (borgtocht atau personal guarantee) adalah suatu perjanjian dimana seorang pihak ketiga, guna kepentingan si berpiutang mengikatkan diri untuk memenuhi perikatan si berutang terhadap perjanjian pokok. Perjanjian perorangan bersifat assesoir atau jaminan tambahan namun diluar itu sudah dipersyaratkan adanya jaminan fix asset, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cara pelaksanaan atas pemberian personal guarantee terhadap seluruh harta kekayaan pribadi untuk pelunasan hutang 2(dua) debitur di bank lain dan mengetahui sejauh mana kepastian hukum atas tindakan penjaminan personal guarantee atas 2(dua) debitur di bank lain, menjadi persoalannya apakah penerapan  jaminan tersebut  sudah sesuai dengan aturan dan perudang-undangan sehingga tidak menyalahi aturan karena pada umumnya dan sesuai peraturan bahwa personal guarantee hanya menjamin seorang debitur saja, sehingga permasalahan yang diangkat dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana proses penerapan jaminan personal guarantee yang menjamin lebih dari 1(satu) debitur di bank lain, selain itu bagaimana bentuk kepastian hukum dalam penerapan jaminan personal guarantee yang menjadi penjamin lebih dari 1(satu) debitur di bank lain. Teori hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori kepastian hukum menurut Gustav Radbruch dan  teori hukum jaminan J Satrio. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah yuridis normatif, yaitu penelitian hukum wawancara atau data sekunder dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang dipergunakan Pendekatan Perundang-Undangan, Pendekatan Konseptual, Pendekatan Analitis, Pendekatan Kasus dan teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya. Untuk teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran gramatikal, penafsiran Historis dan penafsiran Sistematis, dan metode konstruksi hukum. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pemberian personal guarantee dengan menjamin lebih dari 1(satu) debitur di bank lain menjadi tidak optimal karena hanya sebatas keyakinan internal bank terlebih personal guarantee semacam itu hanya dianggap sebagai jaminan moral saja sehingga banyak celah hukum yang bisa terjadi, dan sampai saat ini KUH Perdata, Undang-undang Perbankan, Peraturan OJK tidak ada aturan yang jelas baik melarang atau memperbolehkan tindakan hukum seperti itu sehingga tidak memiliki kepastian hukum kepada para pihak. Meskipun demikian praktik personal guarantee sampai saat ini memang masih menjadi jaminan tambahan selain dari pada jaminan kebendaan.