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KEPASTIAN HUKUM EKSEKUSI HAK TANGGUNGAN TERKAIT GUGATAN AHLI WARIS PEMILIK OBJEK HAK TANGGUNGAN Mayasari, Indah; Kumala, Yudha Cahya; Mustafa, Marni Emmy
Case Law : Journal of Law Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Case Law : Journal of Law | Januari 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Program Pasca Sarjana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25157/caselaw.v6i1.4780

Jaminan hak tanggungan memberikan kewenangan kepada kreditur untuk melakukan eksekusi terhadap objek jaminan ketika debitur mengalami wanprestasi, termasuk jika pemilik objek hak tanggungan meninggal dunia. Rumusan masalah penelitian adalah Bagaimana kepastian hukum eksekusi hak tanggungan terkait gugatan ahli waris pemilik objek hak tanggungan. Metode yang digunakan adalah jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dengan sumber bahan-bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan analisis, dan pendekatan kasus. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya. Untuk teknik analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran hukum gramatikal dan sistematis, serta metode konstruksi hukum analogi. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa kepastian hukum eksekusi hak tanggungan terkait gugatan ahli waris pemilik objek hak tanggungan sah dilakukan untuk memperoleh pelunasan piutang ketika debitur wanprestasi sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 6 UUHT. Dalam hal pemilik objek hak tanggungan meninggal dunia, ahli waris memiliki hak untuk menggugat pembatalan pelaksanaan lelang eksekusi dengan dalil gugatan apabila pemasangan hak tanggungan dilakukan setelah pewaris meninggal dunia, sebagaimana diatur Pasal 34 ayat (2) huruf a Peraturan Menteri Keuangan Nomor 122 Tahun 2023

TANGGUNG JAWAB PEJABAT PEMBUAT AKTA TANAH SEMENTARA (PPATS) AKIBAT KELALAIAN DALAM PEMBUATAN AKTA JUAL BELI TANAH ATAS PERALIHAN HAK ATAS TANAH. Samosir, Ade Agnesia; Marniati, Felicitas Sri; Kumala, Yudha Cahya
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 4 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, April 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i4.2554

An agreement concluded by agreement between the policyholder and the insurance company as an insurer and providing benefits to third parties, is valid as law. However, the provision of disbursement of insurance claim funds can only be made if the insured dies. So there is often a misunderstanding among family members who think that life insurance claims funds are considered an inheritance and must automatically be handed over to their heirs. Beneficiaries in life insurance do not refer to heirs but to those whose names are listed in the life insurance agreement. How is the legal provision of the rights of beneficiaries of life insurance on the claim of heirs ab intestato in Civil Law and how is the legal certainty of the life insurance agreement that regulates the beneficiaries in the life insurance policy? The theory used in this study is the theory of legal certainty from Jan Michael Otto and Mulhadi insurance theory The method used in this study is the normative juridical method, namely legal research conducted by researching library materials or secondary data only. The research approach used is the approach of legislation, case approach, analytical approach and conceptual approach. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, researching library materials (books, scientific journals, research reports) and other sources of legal materials that are relevant to the legal issues under study. For technical analysis of legal material is done by systematic and grammatical interpretation. Based on the results of research conducted by the author, the life insurance agreement is not based on the provisions of inheritance law, so that the disbursement of insurance claim funds is given to beneficiaries as the contents of the agreement in the policy.

Kepastian Hukum Akta Otentik yang Dibuat oleh Notaris di Luar Wilayah Jabatannya Putri, Reni Anita; Setiadi, Yuliana; Kumala, Yudha Cahya
Legalita Vol 7 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Hukum Legalita
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Kotabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47637/legalita.v7i1.1786

An authentic deed is the highest legal evidence in the civil evidence system made by a public official, namely a notary, who acts in accordance with his/her area of office. Problems arise when a notary exercises his/her authority outside the area stipulated in his/her appointment letter, which is normatively prohibited by Article 17 paragraph (1) letter a of the Notary Law. This study aims to analyze the form of legal responsibility of a notary and the implications of legal certainty for deeds made outside the area of office. By using normative legal methods and statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches, it was found that deeds made outside the area of office lose their authentic nature and only have the power as private deeds. Notaries who violate these provisions can be subject to administrative, civil, and even criminal sanctions. This creates legal uncertainty for the parties interested in the deed and disrupts public trust in the notary profession. Therefore, compliance with the boundaries of the area of office is an absolute requirement for the formal and substantial validity of an authentic deed.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Pembeli Lelang Eksekusi Hak Tanggungan yang Tidak Dapat Menempati Objek Lelang Dikarenakan Adanya Perlawanan Hukum dari Debitur Oroh, Andika Natanael; Prasetyo, Dedy A; Kumala, Yudha Cahya
Themis : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : LPPI Yayasan Almahmudi bin Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70437/themis.v2i2.890

Perlindungan hukum terhadap pembeli lelang hak tanggungan memberikan kepastian hukum atas objek yang dibeli melalui lelang, yang mengakibatkan peralihan hak dari pemilik hak tanggungan kepada pembeli, tercantum dalam Risalah Lelang. Namun, dalam praktiknya, peralihan hak ini sering menimbulkan masalah, seperti perlawanan dari debitur yang mengakibatkan ketidakmampuan pembeli untuk menguasai objek lelang, serta gugatan dari pemilik awal atau pihak ketiga. Terdapat juga kemungkinan pembatalan lelang oleh pengadilan jika ada gugatan yang dapat dibuktikan di persidangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, analitis, dan kasus. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum melalui studi pustaka. Analisis dilakukan dengan penafsiran gramatikal dan sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lelang eksekusi hak tanggungan dapat dibatalkan melalui putusan pengadilan jika ada gugatan pihak lain yang terbukti. Pembeli lelang yang beritikad baik seharusnya mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dari negara, baik secara preventif maupun represif. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya kepatuhan terhadap peraturan oleh semua pihak terkait dalam proses pemberian kredit, lelang, dan penyelesaian sengketa agar perlindungan hukum bagi pembeli lelang dapat terjamin dan efektif.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENERIMA WARALABA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PRODUK SECARA SEPIHAK. Saputro, Wahyu Hidayat; Kadir, Taqiyuddin; Kumala, Yudha Cahya
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, February 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i2.2317

The development of the business world penetrates the boundaries of space, time and territory of a country. One of the breakthroughs made by business people is business development through a franchise system, which in Indonesia is termed a franchise. Republic of Indonesia government regulation no. 42 of 2007 concerning franchising provides a definition of a franchise as a special right owned by an individual or business entity to a business system with business characteristics in order to market goods and/or services that have been proven successful and can be utilized or used by other parties based on a franchise agreement. In Indonesia, the legal regulations regarding franchising are not yet complete, considering that regulation through law has not been touched by the government. This is necessary to prevent franchise business actors from unwanted losses due to the incomplete legal instruments that protect them. This research raises the issue of what are the legal consequences of franchise agreements in the event of unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor and what is the legal protection for franchisees? for unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor. By using two legal theories as analysis tools, namely the legal protection theory from Satjipto Rahardjo and the legal consequences theory from Soeroso. The method used in this research is a normative juridical research method, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data only. The research approaches used are a statutory approach, a case approach, a conceptual approach, an analytical approach and techniques for collecting legal materials by identifying and inventorying positive legal materials, literature. books, journals and other source materials, the technique for analyzing legal materials is carried out using legal interpretation (interpretation), systematic interpretation and methods of analogous legal construction, legal refinement construction (rechtsverfijning) and a contrary argument. The legal consequences of a franchise agreement in the event of a unilateral change to the franchise product by the franchisor, is the disappearance of the legal situation and relationship between the franchiser and the franchisee due to the franchiser's default which has implications for the franchisee experiencing losses due to not providing products, tools and materials for the franchise object. as is the classification that has been agreed. Legal protection for franchisees for unilateral changes to franchise products by the franchisor will be better protected if the Franchise Agreement regulates specific protection of the suitability of the franchise object, and the franchise agreement is not made standardly by the franchisor but is formulated together with the franchisee. . Because standard agreements are more susceptible to taking sides for the unilateral benefit of the agreement maker.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM KEKUATAN AKTA OTENTIK TERHADAP PARA PENGHADAP YANG MENGANDUNG KLAUSULA EKSONERASI DIKAITKAN DENGAN TANGGUNG JAWAB NOTARIS. Prianto, Agung; Halim, Anriz Nazaruddin; Kumala, Yudha Cahya
SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 3 (2024): SENTRI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Maret 2024
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/sentri.v3i3.2404

Notaries are authorised to make authentic deeds and other authorities as referred to in Law Number 2 of 2014 on the Amendment to Law Number 30 of 2004 on the Office of Notary. Article 1338 of the Civil Code regarding the principle of freedom of contract and Article 1337 of the Civil Code regarding halal causa. In carrying out their duties and positions, Notaries embed exoneration clauses in their deeds as a form of vigilance from matters arising from the parties in their deeds. The theories used in this research are Hans Kelsen theory of responsibility and Jan Michael Otto theory of legal certainty. The method used in this research is normative juridical law supported by interviews, namely library legal research or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary legal sources. The research approaches used are statute approach, conceptual approach, analytical approach, and case approach. The technique of collecting legal materials is carried out by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, examining library materials (books, scientific journals, research reports), and other sources of legal materials. The technique of analysing legal materials is carried out by systematic interpretation. From the research conducted by the author, it can be concluded that the responsibility that can be imposed on the Notary is the responsibility based on the fault of the Notary. That a Notary is responsible for his or her own offence and not the offence committed by the confronters. As well as the legal certainty of an authentic deed made before a Notary as a public official containing an exoneration clause that the inclusion of an exoneration clause in the Notary deed is not explicitly regulated in the Notary Office Law regarding whether or not the use of the clause is prohibited. Therefore, the inclusion of the exoneration clause may or may not exist in the Notarial deed, and the inclusion of the exoneration clause is intended to anticipate any manipulation or fraud committed by the parties.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBERI WARALABA MEREK ATAS TIDAK DIBAYARNYA ROYALTI OLEH PENERIMA WARALABA DALAM PERJANJIAN WARALABA Purba, Felix Martuah; Kumala, Yudha Cahya; Irhamsah, Irhamsah
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Maret 2025
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v2i3.1027

Article 1338 paragraph 1 of the Civil Code concerning the principle of freedom of contract which states that all agreements made legally apply as law for those who make them. Therefore, the franchise cooperation agreement applies as law for the parties. In practice, even though the franchise agreement has been made in a notarial deed, the franchisee defaults on royalty payments in the franchise agreement, this of course results in losses for the franchiser. The problem formulation in this research is what are the legal consequences for brand franchisees for non-payment of royalties to the franchisor in the franchise agreement? And what is the legal protection for brand franchisors for non-payment of royalties by franchisees in franchise agreements? The theories used in this research are the theory of legal consequences according to R. Soeroso and the theory of legal protection according to Satijipto Rahardjo.The method used in this research is normative juridical research in the form of library legal materials or secondary data with primary, secondary and tertiary sources of legal materials. The research approach used is statutory, conceptual, analytical and case approaches as well as techniques for collecting legal materials by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules, book literature, journals and other sources of legal materials. The analysis technique for legal materials is carried out using systematic legal interpretation, grammar and analogy construction. The research results show that the legal consequences for brand franchisees of non-payment of royalties to the franchisor in the franchise agreement are that the franchise agreement can end, where the franchisor will cancel the cooperation agreement and ask the franchisee to stop selling the product. In addition, the franchisee is obliged to pay royalty fees as compensation for the use of the franchisor's IPR to run the franchise business as agreed in the franchise agreement. Legal protection for the brand franchisor for non-payment of royalties by the franchisee in the franchise agreement is in the form of repressive protection, where the franchiser has the right to give a warning either verbally or in writing in the form of a summons. Meanwhile, if this does not provide a solution, the franchiser has the right to file a lawsuit through the District Court against the franchisee who does not pay royalties, so that the franchisor as the injured party can recover all his rights and compensation for non-payment of royalties by the franchisee

A. REKONSTRUKSI KEBERADAAN PEJABAT LELANG KELAS II BERASAL DARI NOTARIS DALAM PERKEMBANGAN LELANG DI INDONESIA Kumala, Yudha Cahya
Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): Volume 7 No 3 Tahun 2024 (Special Issue)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jrpp.v7i3.32688

Keberadaan Pejabat Lelang Kelas II di Indonesia dalam menjalankan tugas dan kewenangannya memiliki beberapa kelemahan yang dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum dan perlakuan yang tidak sama dihadapan hukum, sehingga berakibat menghambat perkembangan lelang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisa keberadaan atau eksistensi Pejabat Lelang Kelas II yang berasal dari Notaris, serta kelemahan-kelemahan yang muncul yang dapat menghambat perkembangan lelang di Indonesia, selanjutnya akan dilakukan rekontruksi terhadap keberadaan Pejabat lelang Kelas II dari unsur Notaris dalam mendukung perkembangan lelang di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer,dan data sekunder dengan menggunakan analisis kualitatif. Adapun teori hukum yang digunakan peneliti sebagai pisau analilis adalah Teori Kepastian Hukum (Grand Teory), Teori Lelang (Middle Range Theory), dan Teori Hukum Pembangunan (Applied Theory). Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Novelty atau unsur kebaruan atau temuan dari penelitian ini, bahwa untuk mewujudkan kepastian hukum terkait dengan keberadaan Pejabat lelang Kelas II dari Notaris dalam menunjang perkembangan lelang di Indoensia perlu dilakukan rekonstruksi/terobosan dengan melibatkan Notaris sebagai Pejabat Lelang, karena Notaris satu-satunya Pejabat Umum yang telah melalui tahapan proses pengangkatan Notaris yang diberikan kewenangan oleh negara untuk membuat akta autentik secara baik dan benar serta memberikan kepastian hukum kepada masyarakat, serta untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum dimana berdasarkan Teori Lelang, lelang tidak hanya pada peristiwa hukum penjualan barang, tetapi juga digunakan pada persitiwa hukum pembelian barang atau lelang digunakan diluar peristiwa hukum penjualan atau pembelian barang, untuk mengatasi hal tersebut maka satu-satunya Pejabat Umum yang berwenang membuat akta autentik dalam peristiwa hukum lelang diluar penjualan barang adalah Notaris yang dituangkan dalam Berita Acara Lelang/Akta Risalah Lelang.

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