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Elimination of Dengue Virus with Antiviral Compound and Appropriate Technology Farihah, Neni Isna; Wijayanti, Alvia Rachma; Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Putri, Deva Permata; Ihsan, Anaqi Syaddad; Fauziyah, Shifa; Saputri, Ratih Dewi; Damayanti, Mamik
Journal of Bio-Molecule Research and Engineering Vol 2 No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jbiome.v2i1.44803

Abstract

Infection with the dengue virus by the Aedes aegypti mosquito vector is in the form of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), which can cause a decrease in platelets and even death. The parasitic drug niclosamide, which is effective against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) is used to prevent further dengue virus infection. Many tests were carried out using inhibitors such as doxorubicin (SA-17), glycoside inhibitors in the form of deocynojirimycin (DNJ) and castanospermine (CSP), carbohydrate-binding agents (CBA), and the use of heparan sulfate aimed at inhibition of the adsorption process and replication process, as well as improper protein folding to prevent the conformation of virus merger. The elimination process can also be carried out using antiviral compounds found in the leaves of Psidium guajava and Carica papaya, which have inhibitory activities of 92.6% and 89.5%, respectively; propyl gallate, with a percent inhibition of dengue virus envelope protein serotype 2 of 53-9.85%; isobutyl gallate, with CC50 values of 167.19 g/mL and an inhibitory value (IC50) of 4.45; Cissampelos Pariera Linn methanol extract, with progressive inhibition as the Cipa extract concentration increased with an IC50 value of 6.1μg/ml Preventive methods are also carried out in several ways, namely by utilizing hydrophobic liquid in the form of silicone oil (low-viscosity polydimethylsiloxane, or L-PDMS), the use of eave tubes in home tubes inserted with insecticides, and utilizing ultrasound with a frequency of 100 kHz and 90 dB to repel mosquitoes carrying dengue virus vectors.
Green Synthesis Gold Nanoparticles using Bioreductant Red Shoot Leaf Extract (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) and Activity as Antioxidant Farihah, Neni Isna; Taufikurohmah, Titik
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 4 (2024): July 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i4.7171

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are small-sized materials important in various commercial and industrial applications. Several methods have been developed to synthesise AuNPs. This study was conducted by synthesizing AuNPs using HAuCl4 as a precursor and red shoot leaf extract as a bioreductor. The concentrations of AuNPs used were 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 ppm. Characterization of gold nanoparticles at a concentration of 20 ppm was carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer to measure the maximum wavelength and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to determine particle size. Antioxidant activity at 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 ppm was determined by measuring free radical capture activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results showed that gold nanoparticles had a maximum wavelength of 530 nm with a ruby red color and an average particle size of 14.907 nm. The synthesized AuNPs showed high antioxidant activity: 99.6% (20 ppm), 98.9% (10 ppm), 96.7% (5 ppm), and 91.0% (2.5 ppm), indicating that higher concentrations of AuNPs resulted in more significant free radical scavenging. This study successfully synthesized gold nanoparticles using red shoot leaf extract as an environmentally friendly bioreduction. The resulting nanoparticles have a nanometer particle size with very high antioxidant activity, especially at a concentration of 20 ppm. The method used in this study offers a more environmentally friendly alternative for synthesizing gold nanoparticles, which previously often used hazardous chemicals. The use of red shoot leaf extract as a bioreductor has not been widely reported in the literature, thus providing a new contribution to green nanotechnology. Further research is recommended to explore the potential applications of gold nanoparticles synthesized by this method in medical and other industrial fields. In addition, additional studies are needed to optimize the synthesis conditions and more in-depth characterization of the stability and toxicity of gold nanoparticles in practical applications.
Characterization of Aedes sp. larvae: Detection of dengue, Japanese encephalitis and West Nile virus with knockdown resistance mutations in Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia Prasasti, Adelia Gita; Sucipto, Teguh Hari; Kurniawan, Muhammad Ridho Hafid; Fauziyah, Shifa; Riris, Anak Agung Istri Dalem Cinthya; Djurumana, Yohana; Hapsari, Nafisah Nurul; Farihah, Neni Isna; Wijayanti, Alvia Rachma; Kusumawati, Nita; Hariyono, Hariyono; Wardhani, Puspa
JURNAL INDONESIA DARI ILMU LABORATORIUM MEDIS DAN TEKNOLOGI Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Integration of Molecular Approaches in Addressing Drug Resistance and Changing Gl
Publisher : Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33086/ijmlst.v8i1.6654

Abstract

Indonesia recorded the highest dengue mortality rate in Asia in 2022, with 45,387 cases and 432 deaths.  This study aimed to investigate the coexistence of arboviruses and insecticide resistance mechanisms in Aedes vectors mosquitos’ populations in Mulyorejo District, Surabaya, during the early monsoon season of 2021. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in January 2021, and Aedes larvae were collected and reared to adulthood under laboratory conditions. A total of 309 Aedes larvae (comprising 65% Aedes aegypti and 35% Aedes albopictus) were collected from 36 breeding sites, identified, and georeferenced using QGIS software. RNA extraction and RT-PCR assays were performed to detect Dengue virus (DENV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and knockdown resistance (KDR) mutations. Results showed seven samples positive for DENV-2 and seven for JEV, with two samples (codes 9 and 12) exhibiting co-infection with both viruses, while no WNV was detected. The detection of JEV in Aedes larvae is a notable finding, suggesting a potential secondary vector role for these species in the study area, as Culex mosquitoes are the primary vectors of JEV. Mutations at codons 1016 (V1016G) and 1534 (F1534C), associated with pyrethroid and DDT resistance, were detected in eight and seven samples, respectively. These findings confirm the circulation of DENV-2 and JEV in local Aedes populations, highlighting the presence of KDR mutations that confer insecticide resistance. The results underscore the urgent need for integrated vector management in Surabaya, combining arbovirus surveillance, insecticide resistance monitoring, and community-based source reduction to mitigate arboviral disease transmission.