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The Role of Chloroplast DNA Markers (psbA) in Maintaining the Position of Lemnoideae Sururi, Zaki Fahreza; Nururrahmani, Azmah; Sihombing, Maria Engzelita; Hidayat, Topik
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.8906

Abstract

The duckweed plant group belongs to the botanical family Araceae and has the potential as a food source. It is difficult to classify and the plants were originally grouped as the Lemnaceae family. However, current molecular taxonomy studies revealed the integration of Lemnaceae into the Araceae family, thus becoming the Lemnoideae subfamily. It is necessary to strengthen the position of Lemnoideae in Araceae using molecular marker psbA from chloroplast DNA This study aimed to determine the role of the psbA chloroplast DNA marker in regulating the position of Lemnoideae. A total of 41 sequences of the psbA gene taken from the species from seven subfamilies in Araceae and one outgroup were collected from the NCBI GenBank and then arranged in FASTA format. Sequence data was then aligned by ClustalX, and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using PAUP and MEGA. From the resulting phylogenetic trees, it can be conferred that the Lemnoideae subfamily does not form a monophyletic group. Thereby, this in silico study using psbA markers concludes the position ofthe Lemnoideae subfamily in the family Araceae and we recommend not separating the plant group from the family Araceae.
Identifikasi Adaptasi Kamuflase Hewan pada Tiga Jenis Batang Pohon di Taman Hutan Raya Ir. Djuanda, Bandung, Jawa Barat Apriliani, Nurul Ilma; Sakinah, Rinrin; Nururrahmani, Azmah; Alfaris, Razib Ikbal; Saefudin, Saefudin; Suwandi, Tri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 26 No 2, Tahun 2024
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2024.55842

Abstract

Kamuflase merupakan salah satu bentuk adaptasi morfologis makhluk hidup agar tidak dapat dikenali oleh pemangsa dengan mengatur warna tubuhnya sesuai dengan latar belakang objek di lingkungannya. Keragaman hewan yang memiliki kemampuan kamuflase salah satunya dapat diamati pada batang pohon. Jenis pohon dengan warna dan struktur berbeda dapat menjadi tempat hidup bagi spesies dan tingkat kamuflase yang berbeda pula. Salah satu tempat dengan keragaman flora dan fauna yang tinggi dan masih terlindungi adalah di Taman Hutan Raya Ir. Djuanda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bentuk adaptasi kamuflase dan kesesuaian morfologi hewan yang hidup pada dua jenis batang pohon yaitu Pterygota horsfieldii dan Khaya anthotheca pada tiga plot berbeda di Taman Hutan Raya Ir. Djuanda, Bandung. Data diambil dengan metode VES (Visual Encounter Survey) dengan mengambil gambar menggunakan kamera HP Xiaomi Redmi Note 10s. Hasil dokumentasi yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis rata-rata nilai RGB (Red, Green, Blue) menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ untuk mengetahui nilai Euclidean Distance. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat beberapa famili hewan yang diidentifikasi dengan nilai rata-rata RGB yang paling mendekati rata-rata RGB pohon pada plot 1, 2, dan 3 secara berturut-turut adalah famili Gryllidae, Araneidae, dan Formicidae. Selain itu, nilai Euclidean Distance terkecil ada pada plot 3 yang menunjukkan tingkat kamuflase hewan yang paling baik. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perbandingan nilai rata-rata RGB hewan dan rata-rata RGB pohon tidak berbeda jauh pada ketiga plot. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa seluruh hewan pada ketiga plot memiliki kemampuan kamuflase yang baik. 
The Enhancing Capsicum annuum L. Disease Resistance with Carrier and BSF Larval Gut Microbes Nururrahmani, Azmah; Sanjaya, Yayan; Hernawati
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i3.11211

Abstract

Red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the essential vegetable commodities in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the production of red chili is affected by disease due to fungal infection. Previous research showed that the consortial formulation of bacterial and Trichoderma without a carrier from Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larva gut enhanced the disease resistance of red chili. Regardless, the research has not overcome several diseases caused by fungal infection. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding kaolin, talc, and zeolite as carriers with bacterial and Trichoderma consortia from BSF larval gut on the disease resistance of red chili caused by fungal infection. This experimental study was carried out in a randomized block design. The treatments were consortial of bacterial and Trichoderma + carrier kaolin (BTrK), talc (BTrT), zeolite (BTrZ), positive control of consortial without a carrier (K+(1)), positive control of inorganic treatment (K+(2)), and negative control of plants without treatment (K(-)). The results were analyzed by calculating disease incidence (DI) and severity intensity (SI) scores to determine disease resistance. New findings prove that BTrK enhanced resistance to fungal infection, namely cercospora leaf spot, leaf rust, and powdery mildew. BTrT formulation enhanced resistance to symptom severity. The study concluded that carrier formulation enhanced the resistance of red chili.
The Role of Chloroplast DNA Markers (psbA) in Maintaining the Position of Lemnoideae Sururi, Zaki Fahreza; Nururrahmani, Azmah; Sihombing, Maria Engzelita; Hidayat, Topik
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i1.8906

Abstract

The duckweed plant group belongs to the botanical family Araceae and has the potential as a food source. It is difficult to classify and the plants were originally grouped as the Lemnaceae family. However, current molecular taxonomy studies revealed the integration of Lemnaceae into the Araceae family, thus becoming the Lemnoideae subfamily. It is necessary to strengthen the position of Lemnoideae in Araceae using molecular marker psbA from chloroplast DNA This study aimed to determine the role of the psbA chloroplast DNA marker in regulating the position of Lemnoideae. A total of 41 sequences of the psbA gene taken from the species from seven subfamilies in Araceae and one outgroup were collected from the NCBI GenBank and then arranged in FASTA format. Sequence data was then aligned by ClustalX, and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using PAUP and MEGA. From the resulting phylogenetic trees, it can be conferred that the Lemnoideae subfamily does not form a monophyletic group. Thereby, this in silico study using psbA markers concludes the position ofthe Lemnoideae subfamily in the family Araceae and we recommend not separating the plant group from the family Araceae.