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PENELITIAN SOSIAL BUDAYA MARITIM DAN SUMBANGANNYA PADA KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DI BIDANG PERIKANAN DAN KELAUTAN Imron, Mashuri; Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Interaksi antara nelayan dengan lingkungan laut telah menimbulkan kebudayaan tersendiri. Oleh karena itu, Pusat Penelitian Kemasyarakatan dan kebudayaan (P2KK) - LIPI melakukan penelitian permasalahan kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia, khususnya terkait dengan permasalahan sosial budaya masyarakat nelayan dan masyarakat pesisir pada umumnya. Tulisan ini menjelaskan perkembangan penelitian maritim di P2KK-LIPI, dan sumbangannya pada kebijakan pemerintah di sektor kelautan dan perikanan di Indonesia. Ada tujuh topik penelitian yang telah dilakukan, yaitu: (1) aspek-aspek sosial budaya masyarakat maritim, (2) hak ulayat laut, (3) kooperatif manajemen (ko-manajemen), (4) konflik kenelayanan, (5) pengelolaan sumber daya laut dalam era otonomi daerah, (6) perubahan iklim, dan (7) peran nelayan dalam mengatasi penyelundupan manusia. Penelitian-penelitian tersebut telah memberikan sumbangan pemikiran pada kebijakan pemerintah di sektor kelautan dan perikanan. Penelitian hak ulyat laut misalnya, telah menyadarkan pemerintah tentang pentingnya pengakuan dan penghormatan terhadap pengelolaan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat hukum adat. Begitu pula penelitian penerapan hak pengusahaan pesisir juga telah mendorong munculnya Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2007 tentang Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil, yang menghapus pasal-pasal yang berkaitan dengan HP-3, sebagaimana diamanatkan olah Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 3/PUU-VIII/2010. The interaction between fishermen and the marine environment has led to its own culture. Therefore, Center for Social and Cultural Studies conducted research on marine and fisheries issues in Indonesia, especially related to social and culture issues of fishermen and coastal community in general. This paper describes the development of maritime research in P2KK LIPI, and its contribution to goverment policy in the marine and fisheries sector in Indonesia. There are seven research topics that have been done, namely: (1) social and cultural aspects in maritime community, (2) marine tenure, (3) co-management, (4) fisheries conflicts, (5) management of marine resources in the era of regional autonomy, (6) climate change, and (7) the role of fishermen in overcoming people smuggling. These studies have contributed to the idea of goverment policies in the marine and fisheries sector. Research about marine tenure for example, has made the government aware the importance of recognition and respect for the management conducted by traditional legal community. Similarly, research about implementation of coastal concession rights has also encouraged the emergence of Act Number 1 of 2014, about Amandement on Act Number 27 of 2007 about Management of Coastal Area and Small Islands, which removed articles related to HP-3, as mandated by the Decicion of the Constitution Court Number 3/PUU-VIII/2010.

INTEGRITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PERIZINAN PEMANFAATAN AIR BAWAH TANAH DI DKI JAKARTA Wahyono, Ary; Wardiat, Dede
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The failure of government to provide water supplies for industries and households in DKI Jakarata and its surrounding will exacerbates the condition of water resources in Jabodetabek. Therefore, gratification in ground water services occurs in the permit process, especially on the stage in obtaining technical recommendation which is proposed in order to conduct drilling to decide the the location of ground water and subsequently recommendation letter will be issued as consideration to grant permit for taking ground water (SIPAT). Gratification can be occurred in law enforcement process. Since the enactment of the law no 7/2004 on water resources, violence is not categorized as administrative sanction only but also criminal. Based on this law the police can arrest the offenders. Gratification practice occurs when there is an effort to shifting from criminal sanction to non criminal. The others thing related to public services is the enactment of new taxation law comes into force 2011 where previously tax manage by provincial level now transfer to city/regent level. With this enactment there is probability to eliminate the fundamental function of ground water as temporary replacement of surface water. Ground water is seen as source to increase local revenue. This trend is predicted gives significant impact to the condition of ground water in the future.

THE RESILIENCE OF FISHERMAN COMMUNITIES IN RESPONDING CLIMATE CHANGE: A CASE STUDY IN GRAJAGAN PANTAI VILLAGE, BANYUWANGI, EAST JAVA Wahyono, Ary; Imron, Masyhuri; Nadzir, Ibnu
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 16, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Fishermen are the most vulnerable social community against the climate change. Marine environment change directly influences their livelihood system. This paper aims to discuss the extend of resilience of the fisherman communities in the coastal of Grajagan Village, Banyuwangi, East Java, in responding the impacts of climate change. To understand the resilience of fisherman communities, this paper compares the fishing unit typology and the working characteristics from various fisherman communities in responding the climate change impacts. Finding of this research shows that there is different resilience strategy among different fishing units, namely Slerek, Payang, and Jukung. The jukung fisherman community has a better resilience in responding the climate change impacts compared to the Slerek and Payang fisherman communities. The jukung fisherman community has various fishing units, which can be operated in different seasons.

PENGEMBANGAN PEMILIKAN MODAL BERSAMA SARANA PENANGKAPAN (CAPITAL SHARING) DI KALANGAN NELAYAN MISKIN Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 6, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Over exploitation in northern coast of Java is a crucial problem. Serious efforts are badly needed to reduce this problem. This paper will propose one of the solutions to overcome this problem that is developing a collective capital sharing scheme. The proposal is constructed by two assumptions. The first assumption is that one of the core problems of over fishing is the (over-) density of fishing boats in northern coast of Java. The second and that the boat overdensity is caused by private boat ownership which stimulates fishermen to operate as many boats as possible to take the commons marine resources at maximum level. I will argue that communal capital sharing will reduce this tendency and, to the contrary to the private property practice, it will stimulate the spirit of communalism favouring a more fair and sustainable fishing practices.

KONFLIK BAGI HASIL TANGKAPAN PURSE SEINE DI PRIGI, TRENGGALEK, JAWA TIMUR Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 5, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The dependency relation has been occured between The boat owner (juragan darat) and crewmen (pandega) in small scale fishery, although this relation is not balance. Inbalancing relation is caused that the ordinary crewmen has owed to the boat owner. Their lives are supported by the boat owner. The boat owner supplies the basic needs to their families along they don’t go fishing. This phenomena is commonly happened in fishing community. This article will show there is no dependency of debt and conflict for sharing of catch in fishing community in Prigi, Jawa Timur.

KERENTANAN PENAMBAK GARAM AKIBAT PERUBAHAN MUSIM HUJAN DI DESA RANDUTATAH, KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 14, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This paper describes the vulnerability of salt farmers due to changes in rainy season caused by climate change. This paper also discusses about its effect on the working relationship between salt pond owners and salt farmers that need to adapt to this climate change or managing the risk sharing between parties. Salt farming is the main source of income of the people in coastal area in Probolinggo, East Java. The risk of salt pond harvest failure is relatively smaller than shrimp pond or fish pond. Salt pond farming is less like in to subject to crop disease or seed mortality, or any other problems that may happen on other farmings. Nonetheless, the salt farming at present faces difficulties since the global warming change the rainy season has changed. Usually the rainy and dry season was predictable, therefore the salt farmers are able to plan their income sources. Salt farming business is the activity conducted during dry season; and during rainy season, salt farmer work as crop workers, or fishermen. Unpredicted rainy season makes salt farmers unable to schedule salt farm production. The rain melts the salt, therefore the salt farmer has to start all over again. Keywords: climate change, social vulnerability, salt pond, salt farmer

FORUM KEMITRAAN POLISI DAN MASYARAKAT (FKPM): SEBUAH PENDEKATAN PERPOLISIAN MASYARAKAT UNTUK MEMBANGUN CITRA POLISI Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v11i1.238

The traditional concept of police has created an image that police has not seen community as major partner in policing. Therefore, community policing approach is formulated. Community policing tries to control crime using preventive approach, which proactively done by good partnership between the police and the community. It does not depend on modern technology, machines and knowledge based anymore. The concept of community policing has shown that networking between humans is a source to control crime. Community policing as a philosophy, actually has already implemented in everyday life because that what citizen desired. This is why the establishment of FKPM has greatly welcomed by the community. From the observation in many local regions, the establishment of FKPM has been given great support from the community by providing facilities and infrastructure for FKPM such as meeting venue and office secretariat. Another indicator to the successfulness of FKPM is the growing of social capital in the community which was once destroyed because of the intervention of government policy in the “Orde baru” regime. Keywords: community policing, civil police

KEBERADAAN HAK ADAT DALAM PEMANFAATAN SARANG BURUNG WALET DI HABITAT ALAMI: ANTARA HARAPAN DAN KENYATAAN Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 7, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Existency of adat community in reources use found in state constitution. On the contrary, regulation of nest Swiflets of Collacia not including in support of communal property rights. In one hand, privatization of nest swiflets of Collacia pay attention to solution for depletion of these genus. But in other hand, privatization had ignored communal property rights. Adat community should be substute the state for control of nest swiflets of Collacia used in natural environment

Konsep Privacy Menurut Orang Jawa, Sebagaimana Terlihat dari Tata Ruang Rumah Tradisional Jawa Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 2, No.1 (1998)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This writer examines the relationship between privacy and space system in the traditional houses of Javanese. This concept as reflected by building of houses is much related with their world view or cosmology.

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