Jacobs, Christin Yosefin
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Hypoalbuminemia as a Predictor of Outcomes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Jacobs, Christin Yosefin; Nugroho, Fajar Prianto; Amelia, Sesa; Pannaausten, Davin; Almaszahra, Annisa Naufal; Prayogo, Andi Bagus; Jessica; Pranata, Jimmy Angga
Medicinus Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): February
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/med.v14i2.9548

Abstract

Background : In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), hypoalbuminemia has been observed at diagnosis and during treatment, often correlating with poor clinical outcomes such as reduced remission rates, increased treatment-related toxicity, and shorter overall survival (OS). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the prognostic value of hypoalbuminemia in patients with AML. Methods : A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus to identify relevant studies published up to January 5, 2025. The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords such as “hypoalbuminemia,” “acute myeloid leukemia,” “AML,” “serum albumin,” “prognosis,” and “outcomes.” Boolean operators (AND, OR) were applied to refine the search. Result : This systematic review and meta-analysis included 10 studies with a total sample size of 4,105 participants, of which 2,134 were male, comparing normal albumin levels to hypoalbuminemia across diverse populations. The meta-analysis comparing OS between AML patients with hypoalbuminemia and normal serum albumin levels shows a pooled HR of 1.08 (95% CI: 0.81–1.44). Conclusions : While this meta-analysis suggests a potential association between hypoalbuminemia and poorer OS and DFS in AML patients, the lack of statistical significance and high heterogeneity caution against definitive conclusions.
Vaccine-Based Immunotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review Amelia, Sesa; Mathlubaa, Asya; Amly, Harzalina Zilfi; Jacobs, Christin Yosefin; Halim, Kurnia; Heriawan, Timotius Ivan; Guantoro, Vincent; Putri, Hesti Andika
Medicinus Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/med.v14i3.10166

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Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains a therapeutic challenge, particularly in microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors, which are largely unresponsive to current immunotherapy approaches. Vaccine-based immunotherapy offers a strategy to elicit tumor-specific immune responses in these immunologically “cold” tumors. However, clinical results have been mixed, and the efficacy and safety of cancer vaccines in mCRC remain to be clarified. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating vaccine-based immunotherapy in mCRC were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus as of May 2, 2025. Eligible studies included human subjects with mCRC receiving vaccine therapy with or without additional treatments, compared to standard or placebo regimens. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS); safety was assessed by the incidence of grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events. Result: Five RCTs comprising 804 patients met inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed a trend toward improved OS with vaccine-based immunotherapy (HR 0.81; 95% CI, 0.65–1.00; p = 0.05; I² = 0%), and a modest, non-significant improvement in PFS (HR 0.80; 95% CI, 0.62–1.05; p = 0.07; I² = 0%). The incidence of severe adverse events was lower with vaccine-based therapies (RR 0.31; 95% CI, 0.02–6.09; p = 0.23; I² = 90%). Conclusions: Vaccine-based immunotherapy in mCRC demonstrates potential clinical benefit, particularly in prolonging survival with a favorable safety profile. Further biomarker-driven studies are needed to optimize patient selection and therapeutic combinations.