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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Chemistry International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Ramli, Muhammad Mahyiddin
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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Biomass Waste Incorporation in La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-α˗Ba(Ce0.6Zr0.4)0.9Y0.1O3-δ Composite Cathode: Effects on Microstructural and Physical Properties Ismail, Ismariza; Abdullah, Nur Ashafieka; Karim, Norizah Abd; Johari, Shazlina; Ramli, Muhammad Mahyiddin
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 25, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.100764

Abstract

This study explores the incorporation of rice straw as a pore-forming agent in fabricating the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-α˗Ba(Ce0.6Zr0.4)0.9Y0.1O3–δ (LSCF-BCZY) composite cathode, focusing on its microstructural and physical properties. Conventional cathode materials often face challenges in balancing porosity and structural stability, with synthetic pore formers posing environmental and consistency concerns. To address these issues, rice straw was introduced into the cathode matrix at varying weight percentages, and the composites were sintered at 1000 °C. The addition of rice straw was evaluated using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densitometry. The results revealed that increasing rice straw content significantly enhanced cathode porosity, rising from 5.53 to 27.74%, with a concomitant reduction in density from 1.33 to 0.93 g/cm3, while maintaining the crystalline stability of the LSCF-BCZY composite. Enhanced porosity suggests improved reactant diffusion to active sites, potentially benefiting the cell's performance in future energy applications. This work highlights the potential of agricultural waste as a sustainable and effective alternative to synthetic pore formers in cathode fabrication.
Environmental Sustainable Utilization of Agricultural Waste–Based Sterilization for White Oyster Mushroom Cultivation: An FTIR Study of Optical Vibrational Properties Irzaman; Apriliana, Erni; Siskandar, Ridwan; Syafutra, Heriyanto; Jenie, Renan Prasta; Indriasari, Marina; Ramli, Muhammad Mahyiddin; Har, Nazopatul Patonah; Isa, Muammar Mohamad
International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability
Publisher : CV FOUNDAE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58524/ijhes.v5i1.1005

Abstract

This study investigates the environmentally sustainable use of agricultural waste–based sterilization in white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation and its influence on mycelial optical vibrational properties. A small-scale industrial rice husk furnace was employed as an eco-friendly and low-cost sterilization system, providing an alternative to conventional fossil fuel–based energy sources. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was used as the growth medium, while different sterilization levels were applied to obtain uncontaminated media and high-quality mycelial growth. Three sterilization levels were systematically analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to evaluate optical behavior at various cultivation stages. The optical properties of the mycelium were assessed through Longitudinal Optical (LO) and Transverse Optical (TO) vibrational modes derived from FTIR spectra. The results indicate that increasing the sterilization level leads to a consistent shift of both LO and TO modes toward higher wavenumbers, reflecting changes in molecular bonding and structural characteristics of the mycelium. Furthermore, longer boiling durations at 102 °C using the rice husk furnace resulted in higher transmittance values, attributed to the partial evaporation or reduction of certain organic compounds within the mycelium. Comparative analysis among cultivation stages shows that the planting spawn (F2) exhibits lower transmittance than the spreading spawn (F1), while the pure culture (F0) demonstrates the highest transmittance. These differences are closely related to variations in mycelial density, with F2 having the greatest mass per unit volume. Overall, the findings confirm that agricultural waste–based sterilization supports environmentally sustainable mushroom cultivation while significantly affecting the optical and structural properties of mycelium.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Nur Ashafieka Erni Apriliana, Erni Har, Nazopatul Patonah Heriyanto Syafutra Irzaman, Irzaman Isa, Muammar Mohamad Ismail, Ismariza Jenie, Renan Prasta Johari, Shazlina Karim, Norizah Abd Marina Indriasari Ridwan Siskandar