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All Journal Mazahibuna: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review
Lubis, Arjuna Hiqma
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Harmonizing the Hijri Calendar: A Comparative Insight of Indonesia's Imkān al-Ru’yah Crescent Visibility Criteria with Malaysia and Saudi Arabia Fikri, Mursyid; Anas, Muh Fauzi; Lubis, Arjuna Hiqma; Indriana
Mazahibuna: Jurnal Perbandingan Mazhab VOLUME 7 ISSUE 1, JUNE 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/mazahibuna.vi.51264

Abstract

The determination of the beginning of Hijri months in Indonesia reflects significant diversity, particularly in the methods adopted by different Muslim organizations. This study aims to examine the potential conflicts arising from the implementation of the new Imkān al-Ru’yah criteria in Indonesia and to compare them with the criteria used in Saudi Arabia and Malaysia. This research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing in-depth interviews and literature analysis. The collected data is analyzed through content analysis to understand the underlying factors contributing to the differences in Hijri month determination. The findings indicate that the new Imkān al-Ru’yah criteria have intensified long-standing disputes due to variations in crescent visibility in the eastern hemisphere. Key discrepancies arise from differences in hisab criteria, interpretations of Islamic legal principles regarding Ulil Amri, and the symbolic meaning of the crescent moon. The study also reveals that Muhammadiyah’s KHGT criteria align with those of Saudi Arabia, whereas the new Mabims criteria differ from those of Saudi Arabia. This study provides a comparative analysis of Hijri month determination criteria across multiple countries, highlighting the underlying theological and astronomical factors that shape different methodologies. The research offers insights into the complexities of Hijri calendar determination in Indonesia and contributes to discussions on standardizing crescent sighting criteria. The findings may serve as a basis for fostering greater alignment among Islamic organizations and regional authorities.
The Compliance with Tarjih Fatwa on the -18° Dawn Criterion: A Study of Muhammadiyah Mosques in Gowa Regency Fikri, Mursyid; Indriana; Syarif, Muh. Rasywan; Lubis, Arjuna Hiqma
Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Parewa Saraq: Journal of Islamic Law and Fatwa Review
Publisher : MUI Sulawesi Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64016/parewasaraq.v4i1.47

Abstract

Differences of opinion regarding the determination of dawn time in Indonesia have become increasingly prominent, especially after Salafi groups claimed that the dawn time determined by the Ministry of Religious Affairs (KEMENAG RI) using the -20° criterion is 15–23 minutes too early. In response, Muhammadiyah conducted further research based on the recommendations of the 27th National Conference of Tarjih (Munas Tarjih) held on April 1–4, 2010. The research led to the Tanfidz Decision of the XXXI Tarjih National Conference, which concluded that the previously used dawn criterion was too early by about 8 minutes. As a result, Muhammadiyah adopted the -18° criterion as a more accurate standard and instructed all levels of its organization to follow this guideline in determining prayer times. This study aims to analyze the level of understanding and compliance among Muhammadiyah members regarding the Tanfidz Decision on the -18° dawn criterion. It also seeks to identify the obstacles faced in implementing the decision, particularly by mosque administrators in Muhammadiyah mosques in Gowa Regency. Using a qualitative approach and a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews and observation of dawn time practices. The findings show that most Muhammadiyah members in Gowa Regency understand and comply with the new guideline. However, several technical and social challenges remain, including limited access to precise observational tools and varying levels of understanding among mosque administrators. Nevertheless, the majority of Muhammadiyah mosques have made efforts to implement the -18° criterion in accordance with the directives of the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership.
Co-Authors Anas, Muh Fauzi Indriana Muhammad Rasywan Syarif Mursyid Fikri