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A SURVEY OF LINEAR CONTROL FOR EXPERIMENTAL BALL AND BEAM WITH MIDDLE AXIS Huynh, Duy-Khoa; Nguyen, Duc-Anh-Quan; Tran, Duc-Hien; Nguyen, Xuan-Huy; Le, Tuan-Kiet; Pham, Gia-Long; Le, Chi-Danh; Bui, Nguyen-Duc-Huy; Dang, Gia-Huy; Nguyen, Minh-Tam
Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): Table of Contents
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51630/ijes.v6i1.149

Abstract

This paper presents an experimental study of linear control algorithms applied to a Ball and Beam system with a central axis. The focus is on evaluating the ball's ability to remain balanced around the central axis and assessing the stability of linear control strategies in real-world applications. The system is controlled using an STM32F4 microcontroller, which manages a DC motor to adjust the beam's angle in response to the ball's position. Through a series of experiments and data analysis, the study explores the effectiveness of linear control in addressing the system's nonlinear dynamics and discusses the practical challenges faced during implementation. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of advanced control techniques and their potential applications in engineering.
EXPERIMENTAL ANFIS-FUZZY CONTROLLER FOR BALL AND BEAM SYSTEM Le, Tuan-Kiet; Nguyen, Le-Anh-Tuan; Le, Ngoc-Long; Nguyen, Van-Dong-Hai; Le, Thi-Hong-Lam; Le, Thi-Thanh-Hoang; Nguyen, Van-Hiep; Nguyen, Thanh-Binh; Phu, Thi-Ngoc-Hieu; Nguyen, Thi-Ngoc-Thao; Nguyen, Ngoc-Hung; Nguyen, Binh-Hau; Nguyen, Hai-Thanh
Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Table of Contents
Publisher : Asosiasi Peneliti Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51630/ijes.v7i1.206

Abstract

This paper presents the development of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller for a mid-pivot Ball and Beam system. The nonlinear dynamic model is derived using Euler–Lagrange formulation, followed by DC motor modeling to construct the full state-space system. An ANFIS controller is trained from PID-generated data to enhance adaptability under nonlinear conditions. Simulation and hardware experiments validate the controller’s performance. Results show that the proposed controller can stabilize the system with reasonable accuracy, although overshoot and oscillation remain. Directions for improving intelligent control and hardware design are discussed.