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All Journal Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports Jurnal EduHealth
Puji Kurnia
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Dental Caries in Pediatric Patients: A Clinical Examination-Based Study in a Dental and Oral Hospital Puji Kurnia; Deli Mona; Mifthahul Khoir; Rossyqoh Durrotul; Surya Arsyiah
Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Archives of The Medicine and Case Reports
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/amcr.v6i2.715

Abstract

Dental caries remains a significant public health concern globally, with a high prevalence among children in Indonesia. The consequences of untreated caries extend beyond oral health, impacting children's overall well-being and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of dental caries in pediatric patients visiting the Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Andalas (RSGM Unand). A cross-sectional study was conducted at RSGM Unand in 2023. A total of 27 pediatric patients, aged 6 to 10 years, were recruited using total sampling. A caries risk assessment was performed using a questionnaire and clinical examination based on the Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) protocol. Data collected included demographic information (age, gender), and caries risk factors identified through the CAMBRA questionnaire and clinical examination. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software. The study population consisted of 27 children, with a higher proportion of females (59.3%) than males (40.7%). The age distribution showed the highest number of participants were 6 years old (25.9%). The overall prevalence of high caries risk among the studied pediatric patients was 88.9%. A higher percentage of females (87.6%) were categorized as having high caries risk compared to males (90.0%). Among different age groups, children aged 7, 8, and 10 years showed a 100% prevalence of high caries risk. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated a very high prevalence of caries risk among pediatric patients visiting RSGM Unand. This highlights the urgent need for targeted preventive and management strategies for dental caries in this population. Further research with a larger sample size and the inclusion of a wider range of risk factors is recommended to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the caries burden in this region.
Profile of Coated Tongue in Patients at the Oral Disease Polyclinic of The University of Andalas and its Relationship With Risk Factors Sovira, Gita Dwi Jiwanda; Haria Fitri; Puji Kurnia; Yona Ladyventini
Jurnal EduHealth Vol. 16 No. 03 (2025): Jurnal EduHealt, Edition July - September , 2025
Publisher : Sean Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Coated tongue is a mucosal condition characterized by a white or yellowish layer on the dorsum of the tongue due to the accumulation of debris, desquamated epithelial cells, and microorganisms. This condition is often associated with poor oral hygiene, xerostomia, smoking habits, and systemic diseases. This study aims to evaluate the profile of coated tongue incidence and its relationship to related risk factors at RSGM Universitas Andalas. This study is a retrospective descriptive study with a total sampling technique. Data were taken from patient medical records at the Oral Disease Polyclinic of RSGM Universitas Andalas in January–December 2023. Data collected included gender, age, cases of coated tongue , and risk factor status such as smoking, systemic diseases, drug use, stress, and Candida infection. Of the 620 patients, 566 (91%) had coated tongue. A higher prevalence was found in men (56%) than women (44%). All age groups 31–60 years showed a prevalence of coated tongue of 100%, while the age group 21–30 years was 91%. Most patients with coated tongue have smoking habits (69%), systemic diseases (80%), drug use (75%), and a small number experience stress (8%) and Candida infection (6%).Coated tongue is a very common condition in patients who come to RSGM Universitas Andalas, with a strong association with lifestyle and systemic factors. Promotive and preventive interventions are needed to increase awareness of tongue hygiene, as well as handling the accompanying risk factors.
Natural Amelioration of Chocolate-Induced Acidity: The Role of Pineapple in Maintaining Oral pH Balance Haria Fitri; Puji Kurnia; Nila Kasuma; Firahmi Elga
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 4 No. 5 (2024): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v4i5.662

Abstract

The consumption of chocolate, especially varieties high in sugar, can disrupt the delicate pH balance in the oral cavity, increasing the risk of dental caries. Pineapple, with its rich enzymatic and organic acid profile, presents a potential natural solution to counteract this acidic challenge. This study investigates the efficacy of pineapple consumption in mitigating the pH-lowering effects of chocolate and its impact on saliva volume, a crucial factor in maintaining oral health. A quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group approach was employed. Participants included children aged 6-9 years (n=40), divided into two groups: a control group (chocolate consumption only) and an intervention group (chocolate consumption followed by pineapple consumption). Saliva volume and pH were measured before and after treatment, and the data were analyzed using paired t-tests. Pineapple consumption significantly increased saliva volume in the intervention group (from 2.01±1.29 mL to 5.3±0.88 mL, p<0.05), exceeding the volume observed in the control group. Furthermore, the decrease in saliva pH in the intervention group (from 7.45±0.13 to 6.25±0.37) was more controlled compared to the control group (from 7.30±0.09 to 5.28±0.25). In conclusion, the consumption of pineapple after chocolate effectively stimulates saliva production and helps maintain a balanced oral pH, mitigating the acidic effects of chocolate and potentially reducing the risk of dental caries. These findings suggest the potential of pineapple as a natural, dietary approach to support oral health.
Co-Authors Firahmi Elga Gita Dwi Jiwanda Sovira Haria Fitri Mifthahul Khoir Mona, Deli Nila Kasuma Rossyqoh Durrotul Surya Arsyiah Yona Ladyventini