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All Journal Al-fiqh : Journal of Islamic Studies Jurnal Ar-Risalah
Mumtahana, Nur
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Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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EKSISTENSI HAKIM, AL MAHKUM FIH, DAN AL MAHKUM ALAIH PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF Saputra, M. Fikrar; Mumtahana, Nur; Jaya, Nur Amanda; Kurniati, Kurniati
Jurnal Ar-Risalah Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Volume 4 Nomor 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30863/arrisalah.v4i1.5686

Abstract

ABSTRAKIslam sangat berperan penting dalam sejarah hukum di indonesia. Selain hukum belanda, hukum isslam juga menjadi salah satu sumber hukum bagi konstitusi. Sehingga dalam proses penegakan hukum dan peradilan diperlukan pengetahuan dan wawasan mengenai perspektif hukum islam dan korelasinya dengan hukum positif yang berlaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan korelasi dan definisi dari kedua perspektif mengenai subjek hukum (al mahkum alaih), objek hukum (al mahkum fih),  dan hakim menurut hukum islam dan hukum positif. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan mencari sumber kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan ushul fiqh. Al mahkum alaih yang merupakan subjek hukum, al mahkum fih adalah objek hukum, serta hakim adalah penetap hukum. Hasil temuan dari penelitian ini adalah kesamaan perspektif terhadap subjek hukum, objek hukum dan hakim sebagai penetap hukum. Serta contoh kasus tindakan hukum yang menjadi implementasi dari kedua perspektif yakni hukum Islam dan hukum positif. AbstractIslam plays an important role in the history of Indonesian law. In addition to Dutch law, Islamic law is also one of the sources of law for the constitution. So that in the process of law enforcement and justice, knowledge and insight into the perspective of Islamic law and its correlation with applicable positive law are needed. This research aims to find correlations and definitions from both perspectives regarding the subject of law (al mahkum alaih), the object of law (al mahkum fih), and judges according to Islamic law and positive law. This research is qualitative in nature by searching library research with an ushul fiqh approach. Al mahkum alaih which is the subject of law, al mahkum fih is the object of law, and the judge is the legal determinant. The findings of this study are similar perspectives on the subject of law, the object of law and the judge as a legal determinant. As well as examples of legal action cases that are the implementation of both perspectives, namely Islamic law and positive law.
Pertambangan Nikel di Raja Ampat Perspektif Hukum Positif dan Hukum Islam Ramadani, Tasya Almutia; Mumtahana, Nur; Sahruni; Kurniati
Al-fiqh Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): Al-fiqh : Journal of Islamic Studies
Publisher : CV Global Research Publication

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59996/al-fiqh.v3i3.852

Abstract

Raja Ampat as the center of world marine biodiversity faces serious threats from nickel mining, including sedimentation, air pollution, ecosystem damage, and socio-economic impacts on coastal communities, thus creating a conflict between positive legal regulations that grant mining permits and Islamic legal principles on environmental conservation. This study aims to identify marine and terrestrial environmental phenomena resulting from the presence of mining in Raja Ampat, analyze the mechanisms of positive legal regulations in managing these impacts, and explore Islamic legal perspectives and solutions to formulate integrative policy recommendations. Using a qualitative normative juridical approach through secondary data literature study with comparative content analysis and source triangulation, the study found that PT Gag Nikel's activities caused net deforestation of 52.42 hectares, coral bleaching of up to 70%, heavy metal pollution that threatens the food chain, and the loss of fishermen's livelihoods; positive law shows the inconsistency of old regulations with the prohibition of mining on small islands, while Islamic law emphasizes the principle of caliphate, the prohibition of facade fi al-ard, la dharar wa la dhirar, and Maqashid Syariah to encourage conservation management such as ecotourism and sustainable fisheries. In conclusion, the integration of both legal frameworks can produce operational policies to stop mining exploitation, prioritize ecosystem preservation, and ensure the welfare of local communities, with implications for sustainable collaborative governance in conservation areas.
Co-Authors Jaya, Nur Amanda Kurniati Kurniati Kurniati Ramadani, Tasya Almutia Sahruni Saputra, M. Fikrar