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All Journal Kalijaga Journal of Communication Journal of Nahdlatul Ulama and Contemporary Islamic Studies
Basara, Mustafa
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The Development of Indonesian Press Freedom in the Period of Old Order (1950-1965) Sebastian, Andi; Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Clumpers, Pieter-Jan; Basara, Mustafa
Kalijaga Journal of Communication Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Communication and Islamic Broadcasting Study Program, Faculty of Da'wah and Communication, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/kjc.71.01.2025

Abstract

Freedom of the press is a basic principle that affirms that communication and expression through various channels, including publications, must be seen as a right that can be exercised without restrictions. However, during the Old Order period (1950-1965), the condition of the press in Indonesia fluctuated. This research aims to explore more deeply about press freedom in the Old Order era. The method used in this study is a historical method with a qualitative approach. In 1950-1956, the Indonesian press enjoyed a significant degree of freedom, where they could criticize the government through the print media. However, starting in 1956, signs of a decline in press freedom began to be seen, caused by the Old Order government's discomfort with criticism made by the press. In 1958, the government began to control the press by requiring a Printing Permit. When President Soekarno consolidated his power and began the era of guided democracy (1959-1965), press freedom in Indonesia effectively ended. This resulted in the press being under the control of Sukarno's power, although the press succeeded in overthrowing the power after the G30S incident in 1965.
Faktor Pendorong Nahdlatul Ulama dalam Mengadopsi Konsep Demokrasi Terpimpin dari Presiden Soekarno (1959-1965) Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Basara, Mustafa
NAHNU: Journal of Nahdlatul Ulama and Contemporary Islamic Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): NAHNU
Publisher : LAKPESDAM MWCNU Palengaan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63875/nahnu.v2i2.48

Abstract

The political and social dynamics in Indonesia continued to change during the old order which encouraged Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) to adopt the concept introduced by President Soekarno, namely guided democracy. Guided democracy in Indonesia occurred from 1959 to 1966, which placed all government power in the hands of President Sukarno. The aim of this research is to dig deeper into the reasons why NU adopted the concept of guided democracy. The methodology used in this research is a qualitative approach equipped with historical methods and political analysis methods. The findings of this research show that there are two factors that encouraged NU to adopt guided democracy, namely: (1) Overcoming threats from the Indonesian Communist Party in the Soekarno government, and; (2) Maintaining and expanding the position of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in politics and the Soekarno government.   Dinamika politik dan sosial di Indonesia yang terus berubah pada masa orde lama mendorong Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) untuk mengadopsi konsep yang diperkenalkan oleh Presiden Soekarno, yaitu demokrasi terpimpin. Demokrasi terpimpin di Indonesia terjadi pada tahun 1959 hingga 1966, yang menempatkan seluruh kekuasaan pemerintah di tangan Presiden Sukarno. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali lebih dalam mengenai alasan NU mengadopsi konsep demokrasi terpimpin. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang dilengkapi dengan metode sejarah dan metode analisis politik. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua faktor yang mendorong NU untuk mengadopsi demokrasi terpimpin, yaitu: (1) Menanggulangi ancaman dari Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) di dalam pemerintah Soekarno, serta; (2) Mempertahankan dan memperluas posisi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dalam politik dan Pemerintah Soekarno.
Co-Authors Ardi Tri Yuwono Clumpers, Pieter-Jan Sebastian, Andi