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All Journal IJOG : Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Purnamasari, Heruningtyas Desi
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Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Volcanoes Segmentation at the Western Sunda Arc based on Satellite-derived Geological Lineaments and Land Surface Temperatures Rahmanto, Ridwan; Saepuloh, Asep; Kriswati, Estu; Purnamasari, Heruningtyas Desi
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 57 No. 3 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.3.4

Abstract

The Western Sunda Arc is an active tectonic zone formed by the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. The tectonic zone hosted for 83 active volcanoes, including Mts. Sinabung, Krakatau, Tangkuban Parahu, Merapi, and Semeru. The dense volcano concentration and high volcanic activity cause complexity in monitoring and observation processes. Segmenting volcanoes by location and tectonic setting is necessary to simplify the disaster monitoring and enhance mitigation efforts through focused observation areas. This study focuses on the segmentation of the volcanoes distributed at the Sunda Arc in Indonesia by analyzing the satellite-derived geological lineaments and land surface temperatures. The Sunda Arc is a complex volcanic chain that spans through Sumatra and Java Islands and lies in an active tectonic region. Remote sensing data and advanced geospatial techniques were used to examine geological lineament patterns and surface temperatures along the volcanic arc and the results were validated through fieldwork. Moreover, Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery were applied to achieve accurate lineament extraction and surface temperature anomaly detection. Lineament density was also computed through the modified Segment Tracing Algorithm (mSTA) to identify the fault zones and structural discontinuities in order to ensure better regional geological understanding. Subsequently, land surface temperature analysis was used to classify thermal anomalies and this led to the differentiation of natural volcanic sources from ground surfaces. These parameters were integrated to segment the volcanoes of the Sunda Arc into nine zones. Each zone was presented by average lineament density from 207.83 km/km2 to 166.06 km/km2, land surface temperature from 23.36 °C to 28.65 °C, angle of subduction slab from 22.871° to 38.007°, and lineament strikes from N 330° E to N 260° E. The zones were later discussed relative to the gradient of the Sunda Arc subduction slab as a form of contribution to the existing knowledge on geothermal dynamics, tectonic processes, and volcanic hazards beyond the region.
Insight Into The 2024-2025 Eruption of Lewotobi Laki-Laki Volcano in Flores Island, Indonesia: An Overview Andreastuti, Supriyati Dwi; Haerani, Nia; Kristianto, Kristianto; Prayoga, Ardy Setya; Putra, Raditya; Mboro, Herman Yosef; Bere, Emanuel Rofinus; Lamanepa, Anselmus Bobyson; Purnamasari, Heruningtyas Desi
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.3.1-9

Abstract

Between November 2024 and April 2025, Lewotobi Laki-laki Volcano (1,584 m a.s.l.), situated in Flores Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, exhibited eruptive activity that significantly impacted the surrounding environment. Volcanic ash was extensively deposited across residential areas, agricultural land, and forested regions. Two major eruptive events occurred on 3rd November 2024 and 20th March 2025. Historical records indicate that Lewotobi Laki-laki has been active since 1861 CE, typically characterized by mild eruptions involving ash emission, lava flows, and dome formation. However, in the beginning of November 2024, the volcano activity intensified, culminating in a directed blast eruption on 3rd November at 23:57 Central Indonesian Time from its northwestern upper flank (Kushendratno et al., 2024). This event ignited fires in nearby villages, and resulted in nine fatalities due to exposure to blast material. Subsequently, on 20th March at 22:56 Central Indonesian Time, a vertical explosive eruption occurred from the central vent, generating an eruption column that ascended to approximately 8,000 m (Kristianto et al., 2025), and produced column collapse predominantly affected the west ̶ northeastern flank, causing three reported injuries. These incidents highlight the critical need for proactive eruption forecasting and the implementation of corresponding mitigation strategies. The eruption on 3rd November 2024 prompted a revision of the Lewotobi Lakilaki hazard map, reflecting a newly observed eruptive style with a pronounced northwestern trajectory.
Explosive Signature of The April 30th, 2024 Ruang Volcano Eruption in The Sangihe Arc, Indonesia, Inferred from Erupted Material Characteristics: A Preliminary Assessment Purnamasari, Heruningtyas Desi; Saepuloh, Asep; Primulyana, Sofyan; Adriansyah, David; Prayoga, Ardy Setya; Agustiningtyas, Lestari; Wijaya, P. Hadi; Gunawan, Hendra
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.12.3.11-17

Abstract

The 2024 eruptions of Ruang Volcano in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, represent one of the most explosive and impactful volcanic events in the region's recent history. The eruption sequence, which commenced on April 16th and peaked with significant explosive episodes on April 17th and 30th, resulted in the evacuation of over 9,000 residents and demonstrated the volcano’s capacity for high-energy eruptive activity. This preliminary analysis of the April 30, 2024, Ruang Volcano eruption emphasises the importance of ejected materials—such as high-vesicular juvenile fragments, crystal-rich components, and megacrysts of amphibole (hornblende)—in revealing the eruption’s explosive signature. Geochemical analysis of juvenile materials indicates a basaltic andesite composition, with SiO₂ contents ranging from 53.02% to 54.27%. Petrographic examination and SEM observations reveal high vesicularity, ruptured bubble walls, and microlite-rich groundmass textures, indicative of rapid ascent and intense degassing, which facilitated efficient magma fragmentation. These features suggest that the magma underwent rapid decompression. Understanding these properties provides important clues about the mechanisms underlying the explosiveness of the Ruang eruption.
Co-Authors Adriansyah, David Agustiningtyas, Lestari Andreastuti, Supriyati Dwi Asep Saepuloh Bere, Emanuel Rofinus Estu Kriswati HENDRA GUNAWAN B11211055 Herman Yosef Mboro, Herman Yosef Kristianto Kristianto Lamanepa, Anselmus Bobyson Nia Haerani Prayoga, Ardy Setya Putra, Raditya Rahmanto, Ridwan Sofyan Primulyana Wijaya, P. Hadi