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All Journal Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia Jurnal Ilmia Widya Pustaka Pendidikan
Soeharso, R.
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Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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KURIKULUM DALAM BINGKAI DESENTRALISASI: KAJIAN KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA MASA REFORMASI Mahdiyah, Dwi; Ba’in, Ba’in; Soeharso, R.
Widya Pustaka : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Vol 13 No a (2025): Special Issue: Pembelajaran pada Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Pendidikan FKIP Universitas Mataram

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Abstract

This article examines the transformation of curriculum policy in Indonesia in the context of educational decentralization during the reform era. The 1998 reformation was an important turning point that drove the shift in the education system from centralization to decentralization, through strengthening the role of local governments in managing education. The curriculum as the main instrument of education has undergone significant changes along with changes in policies and the direction of national development. This study uses historical research methods with heuristic stages, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The results of the study show that the implementation of the decentralization policy provides space for the development of a curriculum that is contextual and relevant to regional needs. However, its implementation cannot be separated from challenges such as limited human resources, inequality in access to education between regions, and dependence on central funding and policies. Therefore, synergy between the central and regional governments, as well as active participation of the community and educators, are the keys to the success of educational decentralization. The curriculum in the framework of decentralization is not only a technical tool for teaching, but also a reflection of the democratization process and efforts to improve the quality of national education in a sustainable manner.
Kewirausahaan Pribumi dan Kegagalan Suksesi: Pelajaran dari Perusahaan Rokok Keluarga Nitisemito di Kudus Soeharso, R.
Jurnal Sejarah Citra Lekha Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Sejarah Sosial, Praktik Budaya, dan Dinamika Kekuasaan
Publisher : Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jscl.v10i1.73489

Abstract

Nitisemito was one of the indigenous entrepreneurs who successfully established a modern kretek cigarette industry in Kudus during the colonial era. Through the adoption of modern machinery technology, innovative marketing strategies, and large-scale labor management, the Cap Bal Tiga cigarette company grew into a giant in the cigarette industry of its time. Due to this company, Nitisemito's name has been enshrined as a symbol of indigenous entrepreneurship in the early 20th century. Nitisemito's success in managing his family cigarette industry demonstrates the potential emergence of an indigenous bourgeoisie amid a colonial economic structure that tended to hinder the growth of local entrepreneurs. However, the sustainability of this business experienced a decline in subsequent periods. This study aims to examine the process of the emergence of Nitisemito's business empire while explaining the factors underlying its collapse after the founder's death in 1953. This research employs historical methods, encompassing heuristic stages, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Historical data were obtained from archives, written sources, and interviews with Nitisemito's heirs. The results of this study indicate that the company's decline was not solely caused by changes in post-colonial economic conditions but also by internal family issues. These internal conflicts primarily related to leadership succession problems, the absence of an institutionalized management system, and tensions in relations among core family members and the extended family. This situation was further complicated by colonial political pressures on indigenous entrepreneurs and the lack of structural support for the sustainability of the Nitisemito family cigarette industry. The collapse of Nitisemito's business exemplifies the failure to form an indigenous bourgeoisie in Indonesian economic history.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI BERBASIS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) DENGAN PEMANFAATAN ARSIP DIGITAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH LOKAL Anggoro, Dimas; Shokheh, Mukhamad; Soeharso, R.; Asmoro, Gondo; Wicaksono, Adika; Rayes, Muhammad Mirza Maksoem; Safitri, Adz Kirani
Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um0330v8i2p285-305

Abstract

Mengembangkan keterampilan berpikir historis berguna bagi siswa untuk memahami peristiwa masa lalu yang kompleks dan relevansinya dengan masa kini. Dalam pembelajaran sejarah, model inkuiri sering dipakai sebagai metode untuk melibatkan siswa secara aktif mengeksplorasi sumber sejarah dan membangun pengetahuan. Sudah banyak penelitian yang menunjukkan manfaat IBL terhadap partisipasi dan pemahaman siswa, namun kajian tentang pengintegrasian model ikuiri dengan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (AI) dan arsip digital dalam pembelajaran sejarah lokal masih terbatas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan memvalidasi model pembelajaran inkuiri berbasis AI dengan pemanfaatan arsip digital untuk pembelajaran sejarah lokal di SMA Negeri 6 Semarang, sebagai produk utama. Penelitian mengikuti kerangka pengembangan Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi, meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan model, validasi ahli, dan uji coba lapangan dengan siswa. Model yang dikembangkan mengintegrasikan alat AI seperti ChatGPT dan Google Lens untuk memudahkan akses dan analisis sumber primer digital. Validasi oleh para ahli menunjukkan skor kelayakan sebesar 79%, dan uji coba terbatas skala kecil maupun besar dengan siswa menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan yang tinggi. Melalui desain kuasi eksperimen, hasil posttest dijadikan ukuran pembeda keberhasilan antara penggunaan model inkuiri berbasis AI dan model inkuiri konvensional. Dari hasil analisis statistik dampak positif model pembelajaran yang dikembangkan dapat dilihat dari perbedaan signifikan pada skor posttest (t = 19,576, p < 0,05). Meskipun terdapat persoalan terkait akses internet dan kemampuan teknis di awal pengembangan, hasil revisi produk secara berkala memperlihatkan adanya peningkatan partisipasi siswa, keterampilan berpikir kritis, dan kemandirian dalam penyelidikan sejarah. Hasil temuan penelitian memberi kesimpulan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran inkuiri dengan dukungan teknologi AI dan Arsip Digital dalam pembelajaran sejarah lokal, mampu meningkatkan pemahaman sejarah siswa secara bernakna, sehingga para pendidik dianjurkan untuk mengadopsi model ini guna meningkatkan pemahaman sejarah dan literasi digital bagi siswanya.
Co-Authors Asmoro, Gondo Ba’in, Ba’in Dimas Anggoro Mahdiyah, Dwi Mukhamad Shokheh Rayes, Muhammad Mirza Maksoem Safitri, Adz Kirani Wicaksono, Adika