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The Role of Abraham Kuyper's Cultural Mandate in Christian Religious Education Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Juaniva Sidharta
International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): July : International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijcep.v2i3.319

This research aims to analyze the role of Abraham Kuyper's cultural mandate in the context of Christian Religious Education. Abraham Kuyper, a Dutch theologian and statesman, emphasized the importance of the cultural mandate as an integral part of the Christian faith, where believers are called to transform all aspects of life, including education, according to the principles of the Kingdom of God. This research uses a qualitative method with a theological-philosophical analysis approach to Kuyper's thought and its relevance to CRE. The research findings indicate that Kuyper's cultural mandate provides a strong theological foundation for CRE, emphasizing the integration of faith, science, and daily life. The concept of sphere sovereignty proposed by Kuyper also promotes a holistic approach in Christian Religious Education), where education focuses not only on spiritual aspects but also on the development of character, ethics, and social responsibility. Additionally, this study found that the implementation of the cultural mandate in CRE can strengthen Christian identity amidst pluralism and secularization. The implication of these findings is the importance of a CRE curriculum based on the Kuyperian vision, which emphasizes cultural transformation through education. This research contributes to the development of CRE that is relevant and contextual in addressing the challenges of the times.

Transformation Of Christian Religious Education With Artificial Intelligence: Building A Spiritual Future In The Digital World A Dan Kia; Majesty, Gilbert Timothy
International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): July : International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijcep.v2i3.333

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be a transformational tool in Christian Religious Education in the digital era. Technological advancements bring significant changes to the way we learn and teach, including religious education, which demands innovative methods to remain relevant to the younger generation increasingly connected to technology. AI offers various opportunities to enrich the learning experience and deepen the understanding of Christian values through a more personal and interactive approach. This article discusses several AI applications in Christian religious education, such as virtual assistants for spiritual guidance, in-depth Bible text analysis, and adaptive learning platforms that can tailor materials to the needs of learners. With AI technology, Christian religious education can provide more interactive and responsive modules, allowing learners to delve into religious teachings both individually and in groups. Additionally, the use of AI in analyzing learning behavior allows for more effective curriculum personalization according to the spiritual needs of each individual. This approach can address the challenge of maintaining the relevance of religious values amidst the rapid influx of digital information. This article also examines the potential of AI in aiding faith development, for example through spiritual reflection applications tailored to the user's spiritual growth. This transformation is expected to prepare a generation of Christians who are not only technologically savvy but also spiritually strong, and empowered to face moral and ethical challenges in the future. Thus, AI-based Christian Religious Education can be a pathway to building a relevant and dynamic spiritual future in the digital era.

Pentecostal Charismatic Pedagogy of Peter Hocken in Christian Religious Education Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Litos Sitorus Pane; Demsy Jura
International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): July : International Journal of Christian Education and Philosophical Inquiry
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ijcep.v2i3.362

This article analyzes the Pentecostal charismatic pedagogy of Peter Hocken in the context of Christian Religious Education (CRE), focusing on the integration of the Holy Spirit's experience and a transformative learning approach. Through theological and pedagogical studies, this research examines how Hocken emphasizes the role of spiritual gifts, worship, and faith community as central elements in Christian Religious Education (CRE). Unlike the traditional cognitive-doctrinal model of Christian education, Hocken's approach offers a holistic experiential learning paradigm. This article also explores the challenges of its implementation, including criticism from a conservative theological perspective regarding the potential for subjectivity and the lack of emphasis on systematic doctrine. Furthermore, this research highlights the relevance of Hocken's pedagogy in the context of the global church, particularly in the Global South and Messianic Jewish communities, where charismatic dimensions and local cultures interact. The findings indicate that although this model provides a new dynamic for CRE, its success depends on the educators' ability to balance charismatic freedom with a measurable learning structure. This article concludes that Hocken's thinking not only enriches the discourse on Charismatic/Pentecostal education but also broadly challenges the church to rethink the approach to CRE in the contemporary era.

Quo Vadis Penelitian Pendidikan Agama Kristen di Indonesia Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; A Dan Kia
Sukacita : Jurnal Pendidikan Iman Kristen Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): Oktober: Sukacita : Jurnal Pendidikan Iman Kristen
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/sukacita.v2i4.1274

Christian Religious Education (PAK) research in Indonesia has undergone significant developments, but its future direction and relevance are still crucial questions. This article aims to map the PAK research landscape and identify key challenges and opportunities through a literature review of publications in national and international journals, theses, and dissertations. The analysis is focused on three aspects: dominant themes, methodology, and contextual relevance. The findings show the dominance of conventional themes such as teaching methods, curriculum, and the role of teachers, with a qualitative approach limited to case studies, making generalizations difficult. Contemporary issues such as religious pluralism, digital media, Generation Z spirituality, integration of faith and knowledge, and inclusive approaches in multicultural contexts are still underexplored. This article proposes the reorientation of PAK research through an interdisciplinary approach (theology with psychology, sociology, media studies), methodological strengthening (longitudinal and mixed-methods studies), and emphasis on Indonesia's socio-cultural reality as a starting point. With this strategy, PAK's research is expected to be able to expand its theoretical contribution while answering practical challenges in shaping the character and spirituality of students in the era of modernity.

Christian Education Curriculum: Discipleship-Based Recovery as a Model for Character Development of Addicts in Drug Rehabilitation Centers Marsaulina, Roce; Majesty, Gilbert Timothy
DUNAMIS: Jurnal Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani Vol 10, No 1 (2025): Oktober 2025 (In Progress)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Intheos Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30648/dun.v10i1.1914

This study investigates the effectiveness of a Christian discipleship-based curriculum for character development in drug rehabilitation, addressing the limitations of conventional approaches that often neglect spiritual dimensions. Using document analysis of rehabilitation curricula and program materials, the research examines how faith-based principles facilitate holistic recovery. The analysis reveals four key findings: First, theological foundations of repentance and redemption provide a unique framework for identity transformation. Second, the curriculum effectively combines biblical teaching with experiential learning methods. Third, the integration of psychological principles with spiritual disciplines creates a synergistic approach to recovery. Fourth, while showing promising results in long-term sobriety and moral development, implementation faces challenges like cultural adaptation and resource constraints. The study demonstrates that discipleship-oriented programs offer distinct advantages by addressing both behavioral and existential aspects of addiction. The curriculum's strength lies in its ability to foster purpose-driven transformation through structured spiritual formation.

Evaluation of Sola Scriptura in the Perspective of Christian Religious Education and Its Challenges Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Litos Sitorus Pane; Juaniva Sidharta
International Perspectives in Christian Education and Philosophy Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): November: International Perspectives in Christian Education and Philosophy
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidkan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/ipcep.v2i4.420

The doctrine of Sola Scriptura, which positions Scripture as the supreme authority in matters of faith and practice, has been a foundational pillar for Protestant Christianity. However, its application within the dynamic context of modern Christian Religious Education (CRE) faces significant challenges that necessitate a critical evaluation. This study employs a qualitative research method with a descriptive-analytical approach to comprehensively investigate the interplay between this theological principle and contemporary educational praxis. The research is conducted by systematically gathering and analyzing a wide range of textual sources, including seminal theological works on Sola Scriptura, current CRE curricula, relevant scholarly articles, and educational policy documents. The analysis describes the core tenets of the principle as historically understood, followed by an examination of its practical implementation in educational settings. The study identifies and elucidates key challenges, such as the rise of historical-critical biblical interpretation, increasing religious pluralism, the pervasive influence of secularism, and the pedagogical shift towards student-centered learning models that prioritize personal experience. The findings reveal a critical tension between the exclusive truth claims inherent in Sola Scriptura and the inclusive, relativistic environment of the modern world. The study concludes that for CRE to remain relevant and effective, it must develop thoughtful pedagogical strategies that faithfully uphold the authority of Scripture while simultaneously engaging with these contemporary challenges. This necessitates a move beyond a mere transmission of doctrine towards fostering a critical and reflective faith among learners, enabling them to navigate the complexities of the modern age.

From Consumers to Co-creators: The Role of Social Media in Shaping Participatory Christian Learning Among Millennials and Gen Z Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Sianturi, Juliana; Pane, Litos Sitorus; Jura, Demsy
Asian Journal of Philosophy and Religion Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : PT FORMOSA CENDEKIA GLOBAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55927/ajpr.v4i2.15657

This qualitative study, grounded in a constructivist framework, investigates the role of social media in transforming Millennials and Gen Z from passive consumers into active co-creators of Christian learning. Through an analysis of participatory interactions on platforms like Instagram and TikTok, the research examines how these digital environments facilitate the collective construction of religious knowledge. Findings reveal that user-generated content, dialogical exchanges, and communal interpretation of scripture empower young believers to shape personalized and contextually relevant theological understandings. The study concludes that social media acts as a pivotal catalyst for a participatory paradigm shift, fostering a dynamic, peer-driven faith formation process that redefines contemporary Christian pedagogy.

Integrasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Menangani Krisis Kesehatan Mental pada Generasi Z dalam Konteks Menuju Indonesia Emas 2045 Marsaulina, Roce; Majesty, Gilbert Timothy
JURNAL LUXNOS Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): LUXNOS: JURNAL SEKOLAH TINGGI TEOLOGI PELITA DUNIA EDISI DESEMBER 2025
Publisher : STT Pelita Dunia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47304/1v9sfg95

The integration of Christian religious education in efforts to address the mental health crisis faced by Generation Z in Indonesia is very important, with a focus on its contribution to realizing the Golden Indonesia 2045. Generation Z, born in the digital era, is exposed to significant mental health challenges, such as anxiety, depression, and feelings of isolation, which are further exacerbated by social pressures and digitalization. In this context, Christian religious education can serve as a vital source of moral and spiritual support in building mental resilience. Through Christian teachings that emphasize love, forgiveness, and hope, Generation Z can gain a strong foundation in facing various life challenges. This article adopts a qualitative approach, analyzing literature and the practice of Christian religious education in Indonesia to examine its impact on the mental health of adolescents. It was found that the integration of Christian religious education into the education system can have a positive impact on mental health by introducing values that encourage self-awareness, emotional control, and healthy social skills. In addition, Christian teachings can also facilitate the process of mental healing by fostering a more optimistic worldview based on strong beliefs. This article proposes that by more broadly integrating Christian religious education into the national education curriculum, Indonesia can create a Generation Z that is more resilient mentally, socially, and spiritually, and ready to welcome the Golden Indonesia 2045 as a highly competitive and noble-charactered nation.

Menggali Konsep Rekonsiliasi dalam Teologi Kristen sebagai Dasar Alternatif Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana yang Melibatkan Kelompok LGBT Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Rani Sibarani
Sukacita : Jurnal Pendidikan Iman Kristen Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Januari : Sukacita : Jurnal Pendidikan Iman Kristen
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Ilmu Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/sukacita.v3i1.1790

This study aims to explore the concept of reconciliation in Christian theology as a philosophical foundation for an alternative criminal justice model involving the LGBT community. The retributive criminal law approach is often considered ineffective in addressing the complexities of legal, social, and religious conflicts related to religious sexual minorities. Using a qualitative method and a constructivist approach, this study analyzes the meaning of reconciliation through sacred texts, doctrine, and interviews with theologians, legal practitioners, and the Christian LGBT community. This approach reveals the subjective understanding of the actors regarding reconciliation and justice. The findings show that the core of reconciliation theology is the restoration of relationships, recognition, and transformation, which can form an ethical framework for the restorative justice model. This model offers a holistic solution, not only addressing legal consequences but also restoring social harmony by respecting individuals' dual identities. The article concludes that the integration of theological insights can lead to a more inclusive and transformative criminal justice paradigm for the LGBT community, resulting in a more humane and just resolution.

From heresy to liberty: The political trajectory of Unitarian theology and its contemporary relevance Majesty, Gilbert Timothy; Jura, Demsy; Kolibu, Dirk Roy
KAMASEAN: Jurnal Teologi Kristen Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Institut Agama Kristen Negeri Toraja

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34307/kamasean.v6i2.406

This study analyzes the political trajectory of Unitarian theology from heresy to liberty and its contemporary relevance. Employing a qualitative descriptive analysis method, the findings reveal: The Origin and Development of Unitarianism, tracing its roots from early anti-Trinitarian thought (such as Arianism) to its crystallization during the Reformation through figures like Michael Servetus, and its evolution into a liberal movement in America. The Theological and Political Conflict with Trinitarianism is multidimensional; the rejection of the Trinity was perceived as a challenge to both ecclesiastical and state authority, inciting persecution and influencing political stability. Religious Freedom in the Modern Era demonstrates a paradigm shift: from a persecuted minority, Unitarianism became an architect of religious freedom thought and the separation of church and state, particularly within the Enlightenment and American constitutional contexts. The Socio-Political Implications of its doctrine are significant, fostering democracy, pluralism, social justice, and rational education. The response of the Orthodox or Catholic Church consistently rejects Unitarianism as a modern form of Arianism that threatens orthodoxy and social order. The study concludes that Unitarianism’s journey is not merely a theological evolution but a dynamic reflection of the dialectic among religious belief, political power, and civil liberty in Western history, while also offering a critical lens for understanding challenges to religious freedom in states with institutionalized theological orthodoxy.

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