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All Journal AL-ATHFAAL : JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies
Badzis, Mastura
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Humanities Education Environmental Science Social Sciences

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Using ITERS-R in assessing ECCE quality environment: a case study at two selected child care centres in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Badzis, Mastura; Adnan, Nun Amirah
Al-Athfaal: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): Al-Athfaal: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/al-athfaal.v8i1.27714

Abstract

Background: The increasing reliance on non-familial early childhood care in urban Malaysia has raised concerns regarding the quality of infant-toddler learning environments. Although policy developments have taken place, there remains a lack of standardized assessment tools to evaluate environmental quality in Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) centres. Aim : This study aims to address this critical gap by evaluating the quality of two childcare centres in Kuala Lumpur using the Infant Toddler Environment Rating Scale-Revised (ITERS-R). Method : This research employed a qualitative case study design, with data gathered through structured observations and semi-structured interviews to assess both structural and process quality aspects. Result : The findings revealed that both centres provided only minimal to moderate levels of quality, with Nursery A achieving a mean score of 3.52 and Nursery B scoring 2.86. Notable strengths included language interactions and spatial arrangements. However, significant shortcomings were identified in hygiene practices, caregiver consistency, and inclusivity. Conclusion : These results underscore the importance of adapting and contextualizing international instruments such as the ITERS-R to align with Malaysia’s cultural and regulatory frameworks. The study contributes localized insights that can inform quality improvement initiatives in urban ECCE settings throughout the country.
Understanding Fathers’ Contribution to Behavioral Formation in Early Childhood: A Phenomenological Perspective Annisa Wahyuni; Badzis, Mastura; Sri Intan Wahyuni; Amelia, Lina
HUMANISMA : Journal of Gender Studies Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/humanisma.v9i2.10032

Abstract

This phenomenological study provides an in-depth examination of fathers' lived experiences in relation to early childhood behavioral development (ages 3–4) in Indonesia and Malaysia. The urgency of this research stems from the gap between the demands of contemporary parenting including digital literacy and the persistence of traditional masculinity constructs that often impede fathers' emotional involvement. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach through in-depth interviews with four fathers of children aged 3–4 years, the core findings reveal that modern fathers have transitioned into vital agents of the Complementary Parenting Model. They specifically foster children's independence, resilience, and exploratory courage while simultaneously acting as digital gatekeepers through restrictive mediation practices. Theoretically, these results contribute to strengthening the Complementary Parenting Model. However, the study also highlights a significant challenge: the masculinity dilemma, which leads to difficulties in emotional regulation and affective communication (emotional literacy), often managed through rigid expressions of assertiveness. The study underscores the critical need to transform fathering education programs from mere awareness campaigns into comprehensive training initiatives that emphasize specific competencies, particularly consistent positive discipline and emotional literacy, to enhance the quality and effectiveness of paternal involvement in early childhood development.
Co-Authors Adnan, Nun Amirah Annisa Wahyuni Lina Amelia Sri Intan Wahyuni