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All Journal JURNAL LITIGASI (e-Journal) Journal of Mandalika Literature
Sudjatmiko
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Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Penumpang Kereta Api Dengan Tiket Reduksi Dalam Hal Terjadi Kecelakaan Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2007 Tentang Perkeretaapian Akmal Adyaksa; Anies Marsudiati Purbadiri; Na’imah; Sudjatmiko
Journal of Mandalika Literature Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian dan Pengembangan Mandalika (IP2MI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/jml.v6i3.4839

Abstract

Trains are one of the most popular modes of land transportation because they can accommodate many passengers in one trip, and the travel time is short because of their high speed. In Indonesia, train operations are managed by PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) based on Law Number 23 of 2007 concerning Railways, including in terms of regulating the implementation of reduced tickets for certain groups, who are also entitled to legal protection when an accident occurs during the journey they are taking. The aim is to find out whether there is a difference in legal protection facilities between passengers with reduced tickets and normal tickets in the event of an accident during the journey. The research method is normative juridical, which means using railway laws and consumer protection laws as a means of review. The results of the study show that legal protection is provided equally even to passengers with reduced tickets, according to Article 132 paragraph (2) of the Railway Law, namely "Every passenger who has a ticket/ticket has the right to be transported by train". If during the transportation period an accident occurs due to train operations, PT KAI is responsible for replacing the losses suffered by passengers with a sum of money as compensation, the claim submission mechanism and amount of which are regulated according to the agreement between PT Asuransi Jasa Raharja and PT Jasaharja Putera with PT KAI and the Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 37/PMK.010/008. Thus, it means that PT KAI has provided legal protection to its consumers without any discrimination.
Legal Construction of International Business Contracts as an Instrument for Strengthening Banana Cracker Exports and Ogan Banana Supply Chain Management in Lumajang Regency Ratnaningsih; Sudjatmiko; Hastuti, Sri; Maulidandi, Muhammad Akmal Naufaldi
LITIGASI Vol. 26 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pasundan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23969/litigasi.v26i1.18674

Abstract

Today's entrepreneurs prioritize international trade as an important goal in business development, which leads to the formation of international business contracts, but not all entrepreneurs understand the various regulations related to international business contracts, dispute resolution in the event of a dispute, and legal certainty in the event of force majeure. In addition, this study also wants to analyze the provisions for the use of Indonesian in agreements based on Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 2009 concerning the Flag, Language, and National Emblem, as well as the National Anthem, with an analytical knife using the principle of freedom of contact. This research related to international business contracts was inspired by the desires of home industry entrepreneurs in Nogosari Village, Rowokangkung District, Lumajang Regency, who produce "banana crackers" and want to spread their wings into the world of international trade. In addition to understanding the various rules of international business contracts, banana crackers entrepreneurs also face the problem of difficulty in obtaining organic banana raw materials. Fruits have a high water content so they are easily damaged and have a short shelf life. Bananas are a type of fruit that is easily damaged, so there must be a solution, namely producing banana products, one of which is banana crackers and analyzing the management of the Supply Chain....
Co-Authors Akmal Adyaksa Anies Marsudiati Purbadiri Maulidandi, Muhammad Akmal Naufaldi Na’imah Ratnaningsih Ratnaningsih Sri Hastuti