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Morphological plasticity of uceng fish (Nemacheilus spp.): A statistical exploration of water quality influences in East Java’s river Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati; Nugroho, Endik Deni; Sulung, Cahya Ajeng Valenta Tresna; Rusdianto, Rusdianto; Mamat, Noorhidayah Binti
Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan Vol. 10 No. 01 (2025): Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan
Publisher : Biology Education Department, Universitas Insan Budi Utomo, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33503/ebio.v10i01.1383

Abstract

Morphological plasticity in aquatic organisms is an adaptive phenomenon that enables species to respond to changing environmental conditions, particularly in native fish species such as the Uceng fish. This study aims to: (1) describe the morphological variation of the Uceng fish and water quality parameters in three river locations in East Java; (2) analyze the relationship between water quality parameters and the morphological characteristics of the Uceng fish; (3) identify the water quality parameters that most affect morphological variation of fish through PCA analysis; and (4) model the relationship between water quality parameters as independent variables and fish morphological characteristics as dependent variables. This research employed a correlational approach with a cross-sectional comparative design, comparing fish samples from three different geographic locations: Blitar, Pasuruan, and Lumajang. Data analysis was conducted using correlation analysis, PCA, and multiple regression modeling. Measurement of the Morphological Characteristics of the Uceng Fish, Morphometric Measurement (14 characters). The results showed a significant negative correlation (r = -0.155, p = 0.017) between environmental factors and fish morphology, with approximately 33% of the morphological variation explained by the combination of environmental factors (DO, temperature, COD, and TDS). PCA analysis identified DO as the parameter with the strongest positive influence, while temperature, COD, and TDS showed negative effects. These findings emphasize the species’ adaptive capacity and underline the importance of monitoring environmental quality to support biodiversity conservation in increasingly impacted river ecosystems of East Java.
Molecular Analysis and Morphological Characterization of Tor sp. using DNA Barcode COI from Telaga Rambut Monte, Blitar, East Java, Indonesia Damayanti, Ayu Elysia; Rabbani, Calista Naya; Sulung, Cahya Ajeng Valenta Tresna; Rusdianto, Rusdianto; Nugroho, Endik Deni; Mamat, Noorhidayah Binti; Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.biotropika.2025.013.02.011

Abstract

The genus Tor (Cyprinidae) comprises highly diverse freshwater fishes widely distributed in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. However, information on Tor species in several regions remains limited. This study aimed to identify Tor species from Telaga Rambut Monte, Blitar, using morphological analysis and molecular approaches based on COI DNA barcoding. Fish were collected through purposive sampling at depths of 1–2 m, and fin tissues were preserved in ethanol for DNA extraction. PCR amplification employed LCO1490 and HCO2198 primers, with sequence analysis conducted using BLAST and the BOLD System. Phylogenetic reconstruction applied Neighbour-Joining and Maximum Likelihood methods under the Kimura 2-Parameter model, supported by p-distance analysis with MEGA, Clustal X, BioEdit, and ABGD. Morphological characterisation confirmed the specimens as Tor tambra. COI gene amplification produced a 477 bp sequence, which showed 92% genetic similarity to the reference T. tambra. The phylogenetic tree revealed a distinct clade with a high bootstrap value (96%), clearly separating T. tambra from other congeners. Integrating morphological and molecular data provides robust evidence confirming the presence of T. tambra in Telaga Rambut Monte. This research represents the first study combining genetic identification, morphological analysis, and phylogenetic reconstruction of T. tambra from this locality. The findings contribute to understanding freshwater fish biodiversity in Indonesia and provide important baseline information on the distribution of local fish resources.