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All Journal KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP)
Valenata, Valenata
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Dentistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Comparison of Total Flavonoid, Phenolic Levels, and Antioxidant Activity between Robusta and Arabica Coffee Ngibad, Khoirul; Yusmiati, Siti Nur Husnul; Merlina, Diana Mey; Rini, Yenny Puspa; Valenata, Valenata; Jannah, Elok Faiqotul
KOVALEN: Jurnal Riset Kimia Vol. 9 No. 3 (2023): December Edition
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, Tadulako University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/kovalen.2023.v9.i3.16506

Abstract

Coffee contains a lot of phenolic compounds, especially chlorogenic acid, therefore many studies have examined the potential of coffee as an antioxidant. Antioxidants can inactivate oxidation reactions and prevent the formation of free radicals. This research aimed to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) and the ethanol extract of arabica coffee (Coffea arabica), as well as determine the % inhibition value of Arabica coffee ethanol extract and Robusta coffee ethanol extract and their combination as antioxidants in vitro. Robusta and Arabica coffee powders were soaked in ethanol solvent, respectively, and the filtrate was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. The extract’s flavonoid and total phenolic content were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. An antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH method. The phenolic content of the ethanol extract of robusta coffee powder and the ethanol extract of arabica coffee powder were 7.98 and 9.16 mg QE/g, respectively. The total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of robusta coffee powder and the ethanol extract of arabica coffee powder were 11.5 and 14.2 mg GAE/g, respectively. The highest % inhibition values of the ethanol extract of arabica coffee powder and the ethanol extract of robusta coffee and their combination as antioxidants in vitro were 71.1, 85.1, and 86.4%.
Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract Dosage of Arabian Bidara Leaf (Zizphus spina-christi (L.) Desf.) on Reduction of Hypercholesterolemia in Mus musculus Valenata, Valenata; Patricia, Gaby Ayu; Ngibad, Khoirul
Journal of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacy (JECP) Vol 6, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52365/jecp.v6i1.1449

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease, which is characterized by increased cholesterol levels in the blood. The leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi (Arabian bidara) are known to contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids that have the potential to provide antihypercholesterolemia effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanol extract of Z. spina-christi leaves on the reduction of total cholesterol in hypercholesterolemia mice. Extraction is carried out by the maceration method using 96% ethanol and produces a yield of 3.8%. A total of 36 male mice were divided into six groups (n=6): negative control, positive control (propylthiouracil induction), drug control (simvastatin), and three extract treatment groups with doses of 14, 28, and 56 mg/20 g BB. The treatment was given orally for four days, then cholesterol levels were analyzed using the enzymatic method CHOD-PAP. The results showed that the positive control cholesterol levels increased significantly (189.3 ± 6.2 mg/dL) compared to the negative control (112.7 ± 10.3 mg/dL). The administration of the extract lowered cholesterol levels gradually: 170.4 ± 6.3 mg/dL (10%), 159.6 ± 7.6 mg/dL (15.7%), and 147.3 ± 11.7 mg/dL (22.2%). Simvastatin decreased more (117.7 ± 12.5 mg/dL; 37.8%). It was concluded that bidara arabic leaf extract has antihypercholesterolemia potential with a multifactorial mechanism, although its effectiveness is lower than that of simvastatin.
Co-Authors Jannah, Elok Faiqotul Merlina, Diana Mey Ngibad, Khoirul Patricia, Gaby Ayu Rini, Yenny Puspa Yusmiati, Siti Nur Husnul