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Effectiveness of Community-Based Interventions in Preventing Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review Guterres Magno, Nuno Pedro; Pereira Moniz, Elias; Amaral Gaio, Frenania Ermelinda; Fernandes Amaral, Manuela Maria; Belo, Isaura
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 11 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i11.409

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global infectious disease, influenced by social determinants such as poverty. Community-based interventions (CBIs) are crucial for prevention, as they address biological and economic factors, enhance early detection, and engage communities in identifying, preventing, and managing TB. Strategies like active case finding (ACF) and community-based TB preventive treatment (TPT) reduce transmission, improve diagnosis in children, overcome transport barriers, and increase patient acceptance. Method: This systematic review examines CBIs in developed and developing countries, focusing on TB incidence and treatment adherence. Data were obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results and Discussion: Proactive case finding accelerates diagnosis and treatment, reducing transmission and improving outcomes. In Uganda, multidrug-resistant TB patients favored community-based care with transport support. Fluoroquinolone-based TPT was safe, reduced adverse events, and lowered TB cases. Conclusion: CBIs are effective in preventing and treating TB, lowering prevalence rates. Key risk factors include diabetes, smoking, and low BMI. For maximum impact, community health workers require recognition, training, fair compensation, and integration into national health systems.
Social Determinant Factors on HIV/AIDS Prevention in Marginalized Communities: Systematic Literature Review Carvalho, Marcos; Anatolia Soares Maia Exposto, Levi; Maria Umbelina Fernandes, Daniela Rolandia; Pereira Moniz, Elias; Conceicao Pacheco, Aniceto da
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 8 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i8.362

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the body’s immune system, specifically the white blood cells called CD4 cells. HIV destroys these CD4 cells, weakening a person’s immunity against opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis and fungal infections, severe bacterial infections, and some cancers. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current social determinant factors of HIV/AIDS prevention in marginalized communities. The study employs the PRISMA Method to systematically review HIV/AIDS prevention articles from databases PUBMED, BMC, and Google Scholar. The review includes search, screening, data extraction, and analysis, with 40 papers acquired and a selection procedure to meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study finds a need for a comprehensive approach to combat the HIV epidemic, including addressing socioeconomic determinants like poverty, stigma, and healthcare access. Collaboration between policymakers, healthcare providers, and community members is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Analysis the Effectiveness of Health Information Systems for Vaccine Intervention COVID-19 at Glenu Health Center Ermera Year 2023 Guterres Magno, Nuno Pedro; Pereira Moniz, Elias; Faria Marçal, Suzi Bernardina; da Conceição Oliveira, Me. Lourença
Jurnal KESANS : Kesehatan dan Sains Vol 4 No 9 (2025): KESANS: International Journal of Health and Science
Publisher : Rifa'Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54543/kesans.v4i9.385

Abstract

Introduction: Health Information Systems (HIS) play a vital role in enhancing healthcare delivery and decision-making processes. Effective implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination program is essential to control the pandemic globally. However, data from the Ministry of Health of Timor Leste reveals suboptimal vaccination coverage in Municipio Ermera, with only 78.9% receiving the first dose, 66.2% the second, and just 18.7% the third dose. These figures indicate a need for more efficient data management and health service delivery. Objective: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Health Information System in supporting COVID-19 vaccination efforts at the Glenu Ermera Health Center in 2023. Method: Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from 59 healthcare workers. Analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test in SPSS version 21. Result and Discussion: Results showed that only 5.1% of respondents rated the HIS as effective, while 74.6% deemed it less effective. The chi-square analysis yielded a p-value of 0.013 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between HIS effectiveness and vaccination outcomes. Conclusion: In conclusion, enhancing HIS effectiveness at the Gleno Ermera Health Center requires comprehensive facility improvements, better regulations, and the development of skilled human resources.