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All Journal Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities
Nugiantari, Ayu Rosita
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Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Legal Risk Assessment in Cross-Border Business Agreements between Regulatory Compliance and Profit Optimization Nugiantari, Ayu Rosita
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v5i6.2119

Abstract

This study explores the critical role of legal risk assessment in cross-border business agreements, focusing on the balance between regulatory compliance and profit optimization. Using a qualitative approach and literature study method, this research examines existing theories, regulations, and case studies related to legal risk assessment in international business. It identifies eight key risk criteria—ranging from legal system disharmony to regulatory compliance challenges—that influence legal risk assessments in cross-border contracts. The research highlights how differences in legal systems, evolving regulations, and inadequate early-stage risk assessments can create significant risks for companies engaged in international agreements. Furthermore, the study discusses how legal risk assessments can help businesses navigate the tension between compliance with international regulations and the pursuit of profit optimization strategies. By synthesizing insights from academic literature, international legal frameworks, and industry best practices, this study provides a comprehensive framework for integrating legal risk assessments into cross-border business decision-making processes. The findings suggest that companies can achieve sustainable growth by proactively addressing legal risks, ensuring compliance, and optimizing profits in an increasingly complex global business environment. This research contributes to the development of a standardized, adaptive legal risk assessment framework that can be applied across diverse sectors, ensuring both legal integrity and business success.
The Effectiveness of the Constitutionality of the Plan to Change the Threshold of the Election Parliament in the Perspective of Pancasila Wartoyo, Franciscus Xaverius; Nugiantari, Ayu Rosita; Mustopa, Hadi; Sari, Lintang Lasmita; Christian, Reinhart
Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities Vol 8, No 2 (2025): April, Culture and Identity
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jr.v8i2.44796

Abstract

Changes in the parliamentary threshold in the Indonesian election are a crucial issue in the democratic system that has implications for political representation, government stability, and electoral fairness. The Constitutional Court's Decision No.116/PUU-XXI/2023 confirms that the parliamentary threshold of 4% is not fully in line with the principles of people's sovereignty, electoral justice, and legal certainty guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the values of Pancasila. This study aims to analyze the constitutional effectiveness of changes in parliamentary thresholds and their impact on the electoral system in Indonesia. The research method used is a normative-empirical approach by analyzing the constitutionality of the parliamentary threshold based on legal documents, Constitutional Court decisions, and related legal theories. The results of the study show that the removal of parliamentary thresholds has the potential to increase more proportional political representation, provide opportunities for small and new parties to participate in government, and enrich the diversity of votes in parliament. However, on the other hand, this policy also has the potential to cause political fragmentation that can affect the stability of the government and the effectiveness of legislative decision-making. Therefore, careful policy planning is needed so that these changes remain in line with the democratic principles of Pancasila and do not interfere with legal certainty in the Indonesian electoral system. It is hoped that this research can contribute to policymakers in drafting more inclusive and democratic regulations, while maintaining a balance between the diversity of political representation and the effectiveness of government.
Co-Authors Christian, Reinhart Mustopa, Hadi Sari, Lintang Lasmita Wartoyo, Franciscus Xaverius