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All Journal Jurnal Biologi Tropis Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Hakapaa, Adriana
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Trichomes Characterization of Ornamental Plants Begonia spp (Begoniaceae) Hakapaa, Adriana; Sinay, Hermalina; Karuwal, Ritha Lusian; Gusmalawati, Dwi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol. 17 No. 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v17i2.21854

Abstract

The presence of sharp needle-shaped hairs on the leaf surface of the ornamental begonia plants is recognized as a trichome that has not been widely studied. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of trichomes of Begonia’s leaves in Ambon. The plant material used was the Begonia species that was explored in Ambon and private collections. Identification of plant species, scientific and trade names was carried out by comparison of the sample plants' characteristics with online data and references. Trichome observations were carried out using the whole mount method with 400x magnification using the Optilab camera of the Olympus microscope. Trichome’s shape and type were described based on the obtained pictures, while number and length were the average of 10 fields of view, from 3 replications, and displayed as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD).  The 21 Begonia species were collected, and their trichome was characterized. In general, the Begonia’s trichome consists of structure like base, median or body and tip, uniseriate and multiseriate types, needle or cone shape, and glandular or non glandular. The average length of trichomes range from 29.80-233.47 µm.  Based on these results, it can be concluded that the trichomes on the leaves of Begonia ornamental plants in Ambon City have variations in type, shape, number and size. This result is expected to be new information or references for those who interest in developing Begonia species, especially in classifying begonias based on their trichomes characteristics.
Characterization of Fern Spores in the Treehouse Ecotourism Area of Waai Village, Central Maluku Hakapaa, Adriana; Sahureka, Thalia; Latue, Philia C.; Sinay, Hermalina
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026): April - Juni
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v26i2.11624

Abstract

Ferns (Pteridophyta) are vascular plants possessing true roots, stems, and leaves, and they reproduce by spores, whose morphological characteristics constitute critical diagnostic features for taxonomic identification. The Treehouse Ecotourism Area of Waai Village harbors significant fern diversity that is increasingly threatened, rendering spore characterization an essential approach for conservation, species identification, and the advancement of scientific research as well as ecotourism development. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of fern spores found in the Tree houses ecotourism area, Waai Village, Central Maluku, as a contribution to conservation efforts, ecotourism education, and the enrichment of fern micromorphological references in Maluku. The research was conducted using an exploratory survey method along an approximately 20-km trail from the entrance gate to the tourism site. Fern leaf samples were collected to observe soral and spore structures using whole-mount preparations, followed by acetolysis, washing, staining, and mounting procedures. Characterization was carried out microscopically, focusing on sorus form, position, and color, as well as spore morphology, including grain shape and aperture type. The results revealed nine spore-bearing fern species: Pteris vittata, Cyclosorus interruptus, Pteridium aquilinum, Blechnopsis orientalis, Sticherus underwoodianus, Nephrolepis exaltata, Lygodium microphyllum, Lygodium flexuosum, and Pityrogramma calomelanos. The observed soral characters varied from linear, laminar, and granular to powdery forms, and were located either abaxially or adaxially. Spore shapes included oval, round, and triangular forms, with both monolete and trilete laesura types. This variation in soral and spore characteristics provides a basis for the taxonomic identification of ferns and supports further studies in biogeography and phylogenetics.
Co-Authors Dwi Gusmalawati Karuwal, Ritha Lusian Latue, Philia C. Sahureka, Thalia Sinay, Hermalina