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All Journal Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam el-Aqwal: Journal of Sharia and Comparative Law
Harahap, Najhan Parluhutan
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Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Fiqh Siyasa on War and Peace in Indonesia’s Post-Colonial Era: Analyzing Its Prospects and Challenges in the Sulawesi Region Adnan, Adnan; Maula, Bani Syarif; Harahap, Najhan Parluhutan
AL-ISTINBATH : Jurnal Hukum Islam Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/jhi.v10i2.10304

Abstract

This research explores the interpretation and application of Fiqh Siyasa principles on war and peace by Islamist movements in Sulawesi, focusing on post-colonial dynamics and modern Indonesian reform. Fiqh Siyasa regulates state-citizen relations and interactions with non-Muslims, though its provisions on war and peace have limited contemporary application due to European colonialism and Western constitutionalism. The study traces the evolution of Fiqh Siyasa in Sulawesi, examining how local movements interpret these principles amid historical influences like colonial legacies, local rebellions, and conservative Islamic ideologies. Groups such as MIT, Mujahedeen KOMPAK, KPPSI, FKAWJ, MMI, FPI, and HTI exhibit diverse interpretations: some advocate for an Islamic state through dār al-Islam, while others promote coexistence by reinterpreting dār al-harb. These varied perspectives create a fragmented and context-dependent application of Fiqh Siyasa. The research contributes to understanding how global Islamic jurisprudential concepts adapt to regional realities, enriching discourse on Islam and state relations in modern Indonesia
The Dilemma of Gender and Marital Validity in Khuntha Cases: A Comparative Legal Study of the Four Sunni Schools Harahap, Khoirul Amru; Harahap, Najhan Parluhutan; Umar, Mohamad Toha
Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum Komparatif Volume 4 Issue 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/el-aqwal.v4i2.15026

Abstract

In Islamic jurisprudence, the validity of marriage is contingent upon clear gender classification, a condition that poses legal complexities in the case of khuntha (intersex individuals). Classical jurists recognized khuntha as a distinct legal category and developed nuanced rulings, particularly distinguishing between khuntha wādih and khuntha mushkil. However, advances in medical science and shifting socio-legal contexts necessitate a re-examination of these doctrines. This study adopts a doctrinal and comparative approach, analyzing the positions of the four Sunni schools—Hanafī, Mālikī, Shāfiʿī, and Hanbalī—on the permissibility of khuntha marriage. It engages classical legal texts, modern fatwas, and contemporary bioethical considerations to assess continuity and reform. The four schools unanimously prohibit marriage for khuntha mushkil without gender clarity, while permitting it for khuntha wādih upon identifiable signs. Divergences arise in their evidentiary standards and interpretive flexibility. Contemporary scholars increasingly advocate for the inclusion of medical criteria and expert consultation in gender determination. Islamic legal tradition provides a principled yet adaptable framework for addressing khuntha marriage. By integrating classical methodologies with contemporary scientific understanding, jurists can uphold Sharīʿah objectives while affirming the dignity and marital rights of intersex individuals. This reflects both fidelity to tradition and responsiveness to present realities.
Co-Authors Adnan Adnan Bani Syarif Maula Harahap, Khoirul Amru Umar, Mohamad Toha