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Monitoring of Raw and Treated Water Quality Based on Nitrate Parameter at Ngagel Water Treatment Plant Using Spectrophotometry Method Sudrajat, Oka Akbar; Wardhani, Primasari Cahya; Timur, Fajar; Pravitasari, Rizky; Rizkiarna, Reffany Choiru; Perwitasari, Devina Rayzy
Faraday: Journal of Fundamental Physics, Research, and Applied Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Faraday: Journal of Fundamental Physics, Research, and Applied Science
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/faraday.v1i1.6

Abstract

This research focuses on monitoring the water quality at the Ngagel Water Treatment Plant in Surabaya by analyzing the nitrate (NO₃⁻) content in both raw and treated water. Nitrate is a key indicator of water pollution, often originating from agricultural runoff, sewage, and industrial discharge. Samples were collected monthly from January to March 2024 at two locations: the raw water intake from the Surabaya River and the treated water output ready for distribution. Laboratory testing using spectrophotometric methods showed that nitrate levels in raw water ranged between 2.44 mg/L and 3.50 mg/L, while treated water showed a slightly lower range between 2.00 mg/L and 3.00 mg/L. These results indicate a consistent reduction in nitrate concentrations after treatment, demonstrating the efficiency of the Ngagel Water Treatment Plant’s processes. Importantly, all measured values were significantly below the maximum allowable limit of 50 mg/L, as stated in the Indonesian Ministry of Health Regulation No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010. This confirms that the treated water is safe for human consumption with regard to nitrate levels. The study highlights the importance of continuous water quality monitoring to ensure public health protection and to maintain the effectiveness of water treatment facilities over time.
Implant Design Femur Bone using CAD Computation with Variation in Implant Plate Length Az Zahra, Ladya Cheril; Sudrajat, Oka Akbar; Santika, Arum Sinda; Ernawati, Dira; Sujiwa, Akbar
Faraday: Journal of Fundamental Physics, Research, and Applied Science Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): Faraday: Journal of Fundamental Physics, Research, and Applied Science
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/faraday.v1i1.9

Abstract

Femoral fractures are among the most common and severe musculoskeletal injuries, necessitating effective and reliable treatment strategies. This study explores the biomechanical performance of femur implants by evaluating the effects of material selection and implant design using the finite element method (FEM). Three biocompatible materials—titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, stainless steel, and PEEK—were analyzed under linear elastic isotropic conditions. Implant designs varied in length (10.02 mm, 13.37 mm, and 15.60 mm) with a fixed head thickness of 3 mm. Simulations assessed stress distribution, deformation, and overall structural performance under physiological loading conditions. Results demonstrated that implant length significantly affects mechanical behavior. The 15.60 mm implants exhibited the most uniform stress distribution and minimal deformation, indicating superior mechanical stability. In contrast, shorter implants (e.g., 10.02 mm) showed increased stress concentrations and deformation, suggesting a higher risk of mechanical failure. Among the materials tested, Ti-6Al-4V outperformed others due to its favorable combination of strength and biocompatibility. The study concludes that longer implants made from titanium alloy provide improved structural integrity, offering safer and more durable options for femoral fracture repair. These findings contribute to the optimization of implant design for enhanced clinical outcomes in orthopedic applications