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All Journal Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam
Mohammad Akbar Nur Wachid
Unknown Affiliation
Religion Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education

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Manajemen Konflik: Tinjauan Sumber dan Tingkatan Konflik Mohammad Akbar Nur Wachid; Fajrin Afandi; St. Nur Azizah; Ulfia Rhodhotul Jannah; Mu’alimin Mu’alimin
Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam Vol. 3 No. 5 (2025): September: Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Agama Islam
Publisher : Asosiasi Riset Pendidikan Agama dan Filsafat Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61132/jmpai.v3i5.1464

Abstract

Conflict is a universal phenomenon that emerges in various aspects of life, ranging from education, social interactions, and law to ecological systems. Its complex dynamics require a deeper understanding of both the underlying sources and levels of conflict to enable constructive management. This study aims to systematically review the literature on conflict with a focus on two key aspects: *sources of conflict* and *levels of conflict*. The method employed is a literature review by searching articles through Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) using the keywords “sources of conflict” and “levels of conflict.” From an initial pool of 30 articles, screening was conducted based on relevance, recency (2019–2025), and open access availability. The final selection yielded 7 articles for in-depth analysis. The findings indicate that sources of conflict include internal factors (psychological, values, communication), external factors (ecological, socio-cultural), and structural dimensions (legal, political). Levels of conflict were identified at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, group, and structural levels. This review highlights that conflict is a multidisciplinary phenomenon requiring integrative examination. The implications suggest the need for developing a cross-disciplinary conceptual framework to understand conflict comprehensively and to provide a stronger basis for more effective resolution strategies.
Co-Authors Fajrin Afandi Mu’alimin Mu’alimin St. Nur Azizah Ulfia Rhodhotul Jannah