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Implications of Standard Clauses in Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection for Businesses and Consumers Siregar, Hisar; Situmorang, Samuel; Pasaribu, Fransisko
Golden Ratio of Data in Summary Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): August - October
Publisher : Manunggal Halim Jaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52970/grdis.v5i4.707

Abstract

Law No.8 Standard clauses, as part of standard contracts often used in business transactions, have significant implications for both parties, namely businesses and consumers.This study aims to analyze how standard clauses in the law affect consumer protection and business liability.Through a qualitative analysis method, it is found that standard clauses often benefit businesses but can harm consumers if not properly regulated.Therefore, effective law enforcement and consumer education are needed to address this imbalance and ensure fairness in transactions.
The role of the legal division of the Medan City government in the preparation of academic manuscripts for draft regional regulations Pasaribu, Fransisko; Sihotang, Januari
Priviet Social Sciences Journal Vol. 5 No. 11 (2025): November 2025
Publisher : Privietlab

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55942/pssj.v5i11.974

Abstract

This research illuminates the role and utilization of academic drafts (naskah akademik) in shaping regional laws (Perda) at the Medan City Government. This study seeks to ascertain the contribution of scholarly articles to enhancing the quality, legitimacy, and harmonization of regional law. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach and analysis of documents at the local level, such as local government reports, legal documents, and secondary data, this study finds that academic manuscripts serve as the scientific and legal basis for each step of the policy-making process. The results show that the Medan City Government, through cooperation with the DPRD and Kemenkumham, emphasizes manuscript hearings as a way to provide philosophical, sociological, and juridical justification for each bill. However, from the study, significant implementation bottlenecks have also been found, such as weak human resource capacity, weak institutional coordination, and insufficient public participation. This means that there is often duplication and delay in legal harmonization. For the successful implementation of regional legislation, governance needs to be promoted on the basis of preventive legal harmonization, capacity building, and participatory approaches. Therefore, academic papers should not just be perfunctory qualifications, but  tools of knowledge-based governance based on evidence, legality, and the people.