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All Journal Edu Sociata : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi Journal Governance Bureaucratic Review
Ayyasi, Sofi
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Religion Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Protectionism In Economic Policy: Peran Pajak Perdagangan Internasional Dalam Perlindungan Industri Dalam Negeri S, Angel Icha Leony Lastiur; Salsabila, Diva Nayla; Ayyasi, Sofi; Pangestoeti, Wahjoe
EDU SOCIATA ( JURNAL PENDIDIKAN SOSIOLOGI ) Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Edu Sociata : Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi
Publisher : EDU SOCIATA ( JURNAL PENDIDIKAN SOSIOLOGI )

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33627/es.v8i1.3455

Abstract

In the era of globalisation marked by the creation of free trade flows, many domestic industries face great challenges due to competition with cheaper and more massive foreign products. To overcome this, countries implement protectionist policies, one of which is through the implementation of international trade taxes. This study aims to analyse how international trade taxes play a role in protecting domestic industries, especially infant industries in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative method based on literature study to explore various academic views, fiscal policies, and related economic realities. The study results show that while international trade tax policy can provide room for growth and fairness for local industries, it also risks causing market disruption, increasing consumer prices, and triggering trade retaliation. Therefore, a more adaptive and sustainable approach is needed through alternative policies such as subsidies, increasing industrial competitiveness, and balancing protection and economic openness.
Top-Down Implementation of the Job Creation Law: Reforming Environmental Impact Assessment Policy and Implications for Environmental Governance in Indonesia Ayyasi, Sofi; Shahirah, Nur Syofi; Cahyani, Ni Luh Viya Anggun; Arjuna, Briean Sandika; Siregar, Agatha Cristy; Raja, Inggrid Sisilia Lumban
Journal Governance Bureaucratic Review Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): August, 2025
Publisher : Center for Maritime Policy Governance Studies (CMPGS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31629/jgbr.v2i2.7754

Abstract

Indonesia’s Job Creation Law (Law No. 11 of 2020) represents a major reform in national environmental governance aimed at streamlining bureaucracy and accelerating investment; however, it has simultaneously raised concerns about ecological accountability and public participation. This study examines how the top-down implementation of the law has reshaped Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) procedures and the broader structure of environmental governance. The research aims to analyze the implications of bureaucratic simplification, centralization of authority, and restricted public engagement for sustainable policymaking. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, the study collected data from legal documents, policy briefs, and interviews with governmental and civil society actors to explore institutional dynamics across central and regional levels. Findings indicate that while risk-based licensing and the Online Single Submission (OSS) system have improved efficiency and coherence in licensing processes, they have concurrently weakened preventive oversight, diminished local autonomy, and curtailed participatory mechanisms. The centralization of decision-making has standardized procedures but reduced flexibility and contextual responsiveness, leading to governance gaps between policy design and local execution. Moreover, the narrowing of public involvement in EIA processes has eroded transparency and legitimacy, undermining the principles of democratic environmental governance. The study concludes that the effectiveness of top-down implementation remains contingent upon institutional capacity, intergovernmental coordination, and inclusivity. It recommends adopting a hybrid governance model that combines hierarchical efficiency with participatory accountability to ensure that economic reform aligns with ecological sustainability and social legitimacy in Indonesia’s environmental policy landscape
Co-Authors Arjuna, Briean Sandika Cahyani, Ni Luh Viya Anggun Pangestoeti, Wahyu Raja, Inggrid Sisilia Lumban S, Angel Icha Leony Lastiur Salsabila, Diva Nayla Shahirah, Nur Syofi Siregar, Agatha Cristy