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All Journal KONSTAN - JURNAL FISIKA DAN PENDIDIKAN FISIKA Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya Jurnal Teras Fisika : Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika Narra X Papanda Journal of Mathematics and Sciences Research
Inayah, Rahmatun
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Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Physics Public Health

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UTILIZATION OF CROSS-SECTION DIGITIZATION FROM 2D GEOELECTRIC RESULTS TO VISUALIZE THE SHAPE OF THE SAUNG CAVE CAVITY AS A GEOEDUCATIONAL POTENTIAL Aminy, Ika Umratul Asni; Syamsuddin, Syamsuddin; Minardi, Suhayat; Inayah, Rahmatun; Jayatri, Adella Ulyandana; Izyatin, Nazla
Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya Vol 10 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/fisa.v10i2.24355

Abstract

This study was conducted to detect and visualize the presence of cave cavities in the Saung Penggembur Cave area, Central Lombok, to support efforts to develop the area as a geo-educational facility. The method used was 2D resistivity geophysics with a Wenner configuration on four measurement lines. The data obtained were processed using Res2dinv software to produce subsurface cross-sections. The cross-section results from the four measurement lines showed continuously increasing values with increasing depth. These results were then digitized to visualize the cave's shape based on the obtained resistivity values. Cave cavities were assumed to have high resistivity values ranging from 725 to 1000 Ωm. These values were found at a depth of 2.5 m, or even deeper. These results indicate that the presence of cave cavities varies at each point. This condition is supported by field observations showing the presence of a hole above the surface. These results are interpreted as an indication of the presence of cavities or cave passages. This study provides an initial overview of subsurface geological conditions and demonstrates the efficacy of the 2D geophysical method in non-invasively identifying hollow zones. These findings are important for supporting further geological exploration, the preservation of karst areas, and the development of geoeducation's potential as a natural laboratory.
Optical Band Gap and Urbach Energy of Cobalt-Doped Magnetite Nanoparticles Derived from Loang Balok Iron Sand Saputra, Kormil; Inayah, Rahmatun; Aminy, Ika Umratul Asni; Ardianto, Teguh; Kurniawidi, Dian Wijaya
KONSTAN - JURNAL FISIKA DAN PENDIDIKAN FISIKA Vol 10 No 02 (2025): KONSTAN (Jurnal Fisika dan Pendidikan Fisika)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/konstan.v10i02.786

Abstract

Doping is a practical approach to altering a material's electronic and structural properties, thereby influencing its optical and magnetic characteristics. This study successfully synthesized and characterized cobalt-doped magnetite (Fe2.5Co0.5O4) nanoparticles from natural iron sand via coprecipitation. The main objective was to evaluate the optical properties of the synthesized material using UV-Vis spectroscopy and to compare band gap energies using three approaches: the Tauc method (direct and indirect transitions), the Kubelka–Munk method, and the Urbach energy, an indicator of structural disorder. The characterization results revealed that the incorporation of Co2+ ions into the magnetite structure induced significant changes in the absorption spectra, including the emergence of new peaks and a redshift in the wavelength. The obtained band gap values were 3.71 eV (Tauc-direct), 2.18 eV (Tauc-indirect), and 2.33 eV (Kubelka–Munk), confirming the presence of two types of optical transitions. Furthermore, the relatively low Urbach energy (0.07138 eV) indicated that the crystal structure remained well-preserved despite the modifications induced by doping. This study highlights the importance of employing multi-method approaches for reliable optical characterization and demonstrates that Fe2.5Co0.5O4 materials derived from local resources show promise for photocatalytic and optoelectronic applications.
CO2 emissions in Indonesia: Key contributing factors and determinants Aminy, Ika UA.; Inayah, Rahmatun; Saputra, Kormil; Jayatri, Adella U.; Hidayati, Dian M.
Narra X Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narrax.v3i3.241

Abstract

Climate change is driven by increasing greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). Developing countries such as Indonesia face a dilemma between meeting energy demands for development and reducing CO2 emissions. The aim of this study was to analyze trends of CO2 emissions in Indonesia during the period 1970–2023, utilizing secondary data from Our World in Data to obtain a comprehensive overview of national emission dynamics and Indonesia’s contribution at regional and global levels. A quantitative descriptive analysis method was applied using time-series data for the period 1970–2023, complemented by comparative analysis to evaluate temporal trends, dominant emission sources, and Indonesia’s proportional contribution at the Southeast Asia and global scales. The results indicate that Indonesia contributes approximately 3% of total global CO2 emissions and has the highest emission level in Southeast Asia, highlighting its strategic role in global climate change mitigation efforts. Historically, CO2 emissions in Indonesia showed a significant increase over the study period, rising from 3.37×108 tons in 1980 to 1.18×109 tons in 1984, largely due to economic growth from industrialization and increased energy consumption. The highest increase in CO2 occurred in 1997 due to forest fires and the El Niño phenomenon. Furthermore, the findings show that fossil fuel consumption, particularly coal, was the dominant contributor to national emissions in 2020. In conclusion, continued dependence on fossil energy remains a major challenge for Indonesia in achieving mitigation targets, underscoring the importance of energy transition and improved land-management strategies to curb future emission growth.
Electronic Properties of Fe3-xCoxO4 (x = 0.25 and 0.375) Synthesized from Natural Iron Sand: Evaluation of Band Gap and Urbach Tail Saputra, Kormil; Inayah, Rahmatun; Aminy, Ika Umratul Asni; Ardianto, Teguh; Kurniawidi, Dian W.
Jurnal Teras Fisika: Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika Vol 8 No 2 (2025): Jurnal Teras Fisika: Teori, Modeling, dan Aplikasi Fisika
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jtf.2025.8.2.17580

Abstract

Fe3-xCoxO4 nanoparticles (x = 0.25 and 0.375) were successfully synthesized using natural iron sand as the base material through a coprecipitation method with the addition of CoCl2·6H2O as a cobalt source. Optical characterization was carried out using UV–Vis spectroscopy in the wavelength range of 200–800 nm to analyze the electronic properties of the material. The measurement results showed that increasing the cobalt fraction strengthened the absorption in the visible region and shifted the absorption onset to lower energies, indicating a narrowing of the band gap energy. Tauc analysis revealed that the direct gap energy decreased from 2.271 eV (x = 0.25) to 2.221 eV (x = 0.375), while the indirect gap energy decreased from 2.222 eV to 2.204 eV. Furthermore, the Urbach energy calculation shows an increase from 0.073 eV at x = 0.25 to 0.074 eV at x = 0.375, indicating an increase in local disorder that broadens the band tail. This finding is consistent with previous research reports on Co-doped magnetite and CoFe2O4, and confirms that cobalt doping is effective in enhancing the visible light absorption capacity. Thus, Fe3-xCoxO4 based on natural iron sand, especially at x = 0.375, has potential applications as an active material in visible light-based photocatalysis and solar energy optoelectronic devices.
Inversion response of seismic refraction tomography in geometrically complex karst environments Inayah, Rahmatun; Syamsuddin, Syamsuddin; Minardi, Suhayat; Jayatri, Adella Ulyandana; Aminy, Ika Umratul Asni; Izyatin, Nazla; Putri, Karmila Cahya
Papanda Journal of Mathematics and Science Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Volume 5 Nomor 1 Maret 2026
Publisher : Papanda Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Geotechnical construction failures and sinkhole risks in critical infrastructure areas are often exacerbated by the unpredictable nature of karst subsurface structures. The identification of subsurface cavities in limestone poses significant challenges due to material heterogeneity and the complexity of wave propagation. This study aims to evaluate the response of seismic tomography inversion models to real-world conditions, particularly in detecting the influence of cavities and secondary structures on P-wave velocity ( ) characteristics. Data acquisition was conducted in the Kalipalung Formation using five seismic refraction lines with a constant inversion scheme of 20 iterations. The results demonstrate that model accuracy is highly sensitive to surface geometry, where the Root Relative Mean Square Error (RRMSE) increased drastically from 7.97% on flat topography to 39.79% on steep slopes due to wavefield scattering phenomena. Physically, the inversion model successfully identified lithological zoning with a  range of 300–3900 m/s. However, the presence of secondary structures, such as massive stalactites and calcite recrystallization, causes cavity anomalies (300–600 m/s) to appear fragmented (spotty) and discontinuous. This phenomenon confirms the presence of volume averaging and blind zone effects that mask the acoustic impedance contrast between air and the host rock. Thus, while seismic tomography is effective in mapping subsurface material heterogeneity, the internal complexity of karst systems and extreme topography remain the primary limiting factors in fully delineating cavity geometry. This evaluation highlights the necessity of topographic static corrections and high-density sensor arrays to reduce interpretation uncertainty in extreme karst zones
Co-Authors Aminy, Ika UA. Aminy, Ika Umratul Asni Hidayati, Dian M. Izyatin, Nazla Jayatri, Adella U. Jayatri, Adella Ulyandana Kormil Saputra Kurniawidi, Dian W. Kurniawidi, Dian Wijaya Putri, Karmila Cahya Suhayat Minardi Syamsuddin Syamsuddin Teguh Ardianto, Teguh