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All Journal Padma Sari: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi
Wijayanti, Ni Kadek Hery
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Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

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KAJIAN PSIKOANALISIS TERHADAP GARIS BESAR CERITA AYODHYĀ KĀṆḌA (PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU) Pratama, I Gede Nanda Jaya; Maharani, Ni Putu Febbyana; Wijayanti, Ni Kadek Hery; Putri, Ni Kadek Ratna Chiaki
Padma Sari: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Vol 5 No 01 (2025): Ilmu Pendidikan
Publisher : Institut Agama Hindu Negeri Gde Pudja Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53977/ps.v5i01.2617

Abstract

This study examines the moral order of Hindus through psychological analysis proposed by Sigmund Freud with the aim of exemplifying moral considerations for Hindus and strengthening the implementation of moral teachings embodied in the literature of the Itihāsa Rāmāyaṇa, especially in Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa through the role of psychology. These teachings are part of the Tri Kerangka Dasar Agama Hindu, one of which is suśīla. Examined through the lens of modern science, suśīla can be considered a form of psychology because these teachings examine the attitudes and behaviors of followers based on religious morality. Suśīla teachings can be systematically studied through itihāsa texts, such as the Rāmāyaṇa, particularly the Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa chapter. This chapter represents the root of the problems in the story of Śrī Rāma's journey so followers can learn moral values from the characters' behavior. This qualitative study uses descriptive methods to describe and analyze the characters from the Ayodhyā Kāṇḍa story, including Mahārāja Daśaratha, Manthara, Dewi Keikeyi, Śrī Rāma, Sītā, Lakṣmana, and Bharata, through psychoanalytic theory. Specifically, it examines the three levels of human consciousness proposed by Sigmund Freud: The id, ego, and superego. The results of study is reveal the personality traits and dynamics of each character, setting an example for the humanity through their moral attitudes and considerations. This is particularly evident in characters who set aside their personal ego, such as Śrī Rāma, who was devoted to his father and willing to exile himself. Additionally, Bharata's humility in refusing to replace Śrī Rāma as king is driven by his superego's awareness of not taking what is not his. This psychoanalytic study imparts moral values to the community, such as resisting negative influences, remaining loyal, being devoted, and avoiding greed.
STIMULUS DAN RESPONS DALAM TEORI BELAJAR BEHAVIORISME (TINJAUAN VAIŚEṢIKA DARŚANA) : (Tinjauan Vaiśeṣika Darśana) Nanda Jaya Pratama, I Gede; Maharani, Ni Putu Febbyana; Putri, Ni Kadek Ratna Chiaki; Wijayanti, Ni Kadek Hery; Atmajayanti, Ni Made Purnamiasih; Mawarni, Sherly Tegar; Sutriyanti, Ni Komang
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol 16 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v16i2.4952

Abstract

The development of science is supported by the emergence of various theories of knowledge put forward by experts. These theories and knowledge are based on philosophy, as the forerunner of all science. One of them is the theory of behaviorism, which was born from the point of view of the philosophy of education put forward by various western philosophers. Meanwhile, if viewed from a historical line, the development of eastern philosophy has existed earlier than western philosophy. As an eastern-based education, education in Indonesia can be explored and in accordance with western research, especially regarding learning theory. In this study, the researcher reviews how the elements of behaviorism theory in the perspective of Vaiśeṣika Darśana, as a school of eastern philosophy. This research is a qualitative type of research and is studied through a qualitative descriptive method. It uses a literature study approach in collecting relevant information. The results of this study show the linkage of elements of behaviorism theory especially operant conditioning theory proposed by B.F. Skinner involving stimulus and response in learning with padārtha in Vaiśeṣika Darśana. The existence of stimulus and response aspects is found as padārtha specifically in the object of karma described in Vaiśeṣika Śūtra. In its realization, stimulus and karma are identified in the actions taken by the teacher in the learning process, in the form of providing material, assignments, learning models and class rules. In the learning process, the teacher acts as a stimulus presenter so that students can respond in accordance with the teacher's expectations.
Co-Authors Atmajayanti, Ni Made Purnamiasih Maharani, Ni Putu Febbyana Mawarni, Sherly Tegar Nanda Jaya Pratama, I Gede Ni Komang Sutriyanti Pratama, I Gede Nanda Jaya Putri, Ni Kadek Ratna Chiaki