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All Journal Majalah Patologi Indonesia The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy
Husain, Okky
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Quantitative Histomorphometrical Analysis in Distinguishing Non-Hodgkin Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell Type with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Husain, Okky; Aminah Usman, Hermin; Yantisetiasti, Anglita; Handayani, Astri; S Hernowo, Bethy
Majalah Patologi Indonesia Vol. 33 No. 1, Januari 2024
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Patologi Anatomik Indonesia (PDSPA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55816/mpi.v33i1.526

Abstract

Background Non-Hodgkin’s Malignant Lymphomas (NHMLs) with large cell morphology have similar histopathological appearance with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, undifferentiated type therefore ancillary examination such as Immunohistochemistry (IHC) are required. Quantitative histomorphometrical analysis able to identify subtle detail. The aim of this study is to measure the accuracy of quantitative histomorphometrical analysis to distinguishing NHML, large cell type with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.   Methods Up to 33 Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) slides from NHML, large cell type, and 27 cases of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma were photographed under 400 times magnification with a total of 7131 images. Background, nuclei, and extra-nuclear components between cells are segmented as mathematical objects. Objects’ properties were measured and represented as distribution factors (minimum, quartile 1, median, quartile 3, maximum, range, and interquartile range). Significant factors that can differentiate the study groups are measured with a fisher-exact statistical test. Models to predict NHML, large cell type from nasopharyngeal carcinoma were formulated with different numbers of factors. The HE diagnosis accuracy compared to IHC was measured   Results A sum of 7131 with 3893 from NHMLs, large cell type, and 3238 images of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were collected. After features selection, up to 76 properties factors are selected. Models' accuracy are ranging from 72.67% with a single factor and up to 89.9% with the whole selected factors.   Summary Models’ accuracy are higher (72.6-89.9%) compared to HE primary diagnosis (60%) in distinguishing NHML, large cell againts nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Quantitative histomorphometry can assist pathologist for early screening to distinguishing NHML, large cell type with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.
Remdesivir-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Systematic Review of Clinical Evidence, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety Concerns Hamdan, Angkasa Ramatuan; Bestari, Muhamad Begawan; Girawan, Dolvy; Agustanti, Nenny; Husain, Okky; Hasan, Nadeem S.
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 26, No 3 (2025): VOLUME 26, NUMBER 3, December, 2025
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/2632025228-236

Abstract

Background: Remdesivir is widely used for the treatment of COVID-19, with its potential benefits currently under investigation. Concerns remain regarding its potential hepatotoxic side effects. Drug-drug interactions, specifically with CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein inhibitors, may worsen hepatotoxicity. In this context, dexamethasone has been suggested to mitigate liver injury, but the role remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the characteristics, mechanisms, and risk factors of remdesivir-induced hepatotoxicity through a systematic review of case reports.Methods: A systematic review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, and BMJ Case Reports for cases published from 2020 to 2024. The keywords used were “remdesivir,” “hepatotoxicity,” “COVID-19,” and “liver failure.” Relevant case reports were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Furthermore, data were extracted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for case reports.Results: Among 46 individual articles screened after the removal of duplicates, five that detailed a total of six patients were eligible for inclusion. Hepatotoxicity was frequently reported in elderly patients and those with chronic liver disease. Drug-drug interactions that include remdesivir and CYP3A4 inhibitors increased the risk of liver injury. Based on observation, dexamethasone was associated with reduced hepatotoxicity, primarily due to its anti-inflammatory effects. In patients with ALT 5× ULN, remdesivir administration was controversial. Some cases showed improvement, and others required discontinuation due to severe liver dysfunction.Conclusion: This study emphasized the necessity for safety evaluations and standardized liver function monitoring in patients receiving remdesivir. Further investigation is essential to define clinical guidelines and improve patient safety in antiviral treatments.
Co-Authors Angkasa Ramatuan Hamdan Anglita Yantisetiasti Bestari, Muhamad Begawan Bethy S Hernowo, Bethy Dolvy Girawan Handayani, Astri Hasan, Nadeem S. Hermin Aminah Usman Nenny Agustanti