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Antibacterial Effect of Pulsatilla chinensis towards Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi Fong, Sim Chee; Mulyana, Yanti; Girawan, Dolvy
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (157.154 KB)

Background: Pulsatilla (P.) chinensis is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has antibacterial effect. It is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and other diseases. The P. chinensis is composed of some potent antibacterial substances including protoanemonin, saponin, oleanolic acid. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of P. chinensis towards staphlococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi.Methods: This was an experimental descriptive study that was conducted in 2014 using two methods, diffusion and dilution method. In diffusion method, 5 holes were made on the agar that bacteria were growing and different concentrations of P. chinensis infusion were placed in different hole. The inhibitory effect was measured by the inhibition zone. In dilution method, 8 test tubes with decreasing concentration of P. chinensis infusion were mixed with the bacteria suspension and Mueller Hinton Solution. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured by the last clear test tube. The test tube with solution that showed absence of bacteria on culture indicated the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC).Results: In diffusion method, P. chinensis infusion showed inhibitory effect towards S. aureus and bacteriostatic effect towards S. dysenteriae and S. typhi. In dilution method, there was no antibacterial activity detected.Conclusions: P. chinensis infusion has inhibitory effect on S. aureus and bacteriostatic effect on S. dysenteriae and S. typhi. [AMJ.2016;3(2):292â5]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v3n2.467

Effect of Mangosteen Pericarp Extract on Gastric Mucosal Damage Induced by Aspirin Budiono, Jansen; Achadiyani, Achadiyani; Girawan, Dolvy
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Althea Medical Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (141.697 KB)

Background: Peptic ulcer disease is commonly found in the community. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin is one of the predisposing factors to ulcers. According to various studies, plant extracts have been shown to produce promising results in the treatment of peptic ulcers. Xanthone, the active substance contained in the mangosteen pericarp extract has been extensively studied for its role in various diseases. The present study was undertaken to identify the effect of mangosteen pericarp extract on gastric mucosal damage.Methods: This study was carried out from SeptemberâNovember 2014 in the Animal Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Thirty two rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with different treatments and were induced by aspirin. Histologic studies were conducted to determine the score of gastric mucosal damage. The parameters used were Wattimenaâs criteria for damage of gastric mucosa. Data was analyzed using Chi Square test and the outcome was measured in relative risk.Results: The study revealed a significant association between pretreatment with mangosteen pericarp extract and incidence of gastric mucosal damage induced by aspirin (p < 0.05). Calculation with a modified 2 Ã 2 table revealed a relative risk of 0.625.Conclusions: Rats pretreated with mangosteen pericarp extract exhibit less gastric mucosal damage, in experimentally aspirin-induced ulcer. [AMJ.2016;3(3):388â91]Â DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.885

Antibacterial Effect of Pulsatilla chinensis towards Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi Sim Chee Fong; Yanti Mulyana; Dolvy Girawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (33.93 KB)

Background: Pulsatilla (P.) chinensis is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that has antibacterial effect. It is used to treat diarrhea, dysentery, and other diseases. The P. chinensis is composed of some potent antibacterial substances including protoanemonin, saponin, oleanolic acid. The study aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of P. chinensis towards staphlococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae, and Salmonella typhi.Methods: This was an experimental descriptive study that was conducted in 2014 using two methods, diffusion and dilution method. In diffusion method, 5 holes were made on the agar that bacteria were growing and different concentrations of P. chinensis infusion were placed in different hole. The inhibitory effect was measured by the inhibition zone. In dilution method, 8 test tubes with decreasing concentration of P. chinensis infusion were mixed with the bacteria suspension and Mueller Hinton Solution. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured by the last clear test tube. The test tube with solution that showed absence of bacteria on culture indicated the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC).Results: In diffusion method, P. chinensis infusion showed inhibitory effect towards S. aureus and bacteriostatic effect towards S. dysenteriae and S. typhi. In dilution method, there was no antibacterial activity detected.Conclusions: P. chinensis infusion has inhibitory effect on S. aureus and bacteriostatic effect on S. dysenteriae and S. typhi. [AMJ.2016;3(2):292–5]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n2.467

Propolis of Trigona spp. Protects Mucosa from Aspirin-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in Rats Achadiyani Achadiyani; Anindita Laksmi; Dolvy Girawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v7n1.1677

Background: Helicobacter pylori and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs are the major causes of peptic ulcer in the world. Indonesian native stingless bee species, Trigona spp., produces propolis that might be effective to protect mucosal damage. The aim of the study was to determine the protective effect of Trigona spp. propolis on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.Methods: This experimental study was conducted from September–November 2013 at Animal Laboratory of Department of Pharmacology and Therapy Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran. Healthy male Wistar rats (n=24) aged 2–3 months old and weighed 200–250 grams were randomly divided into three groups. The first group was control negative, the second group was given 100 mg/kg body weight of aspirin, and the third group was given 200 mg/kg body weight of Trigona spp. propolis, one hour before administration of 100 mg/kg body weight of aspirin. After two weeks of treatment, rats were sacrificed by laparotomy to obtain gastric tissues, followed by processing for the paraffin section for histopathological analysis. The grade of gastric mucosal damage was determined under a light microscope. Data were then compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney test.Results: Oral administration of aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage ranging from grade 0 to grade IV; whereas administration of propolis showed a reduction of gastric mucosal damage’s grade when compared to the aspirin group (p<0.05).Conclusions: Trigona spp. propolis has a protective effect on aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage. Further study is encouraged to study an optimal dose of aspirin after propolis administration.

Effect of Mangosteen Pericarp Extract on Gastric Mucosal Damage Induced by Aspirin Jansen Budiono; Achadiyani Achadiyani; Dolvy Girawan
Althea Medical Journal Vol 3, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (141.697 KB)

Background: Peptic ulcer disease is commonly found in the community. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin is one of the predisposing factors to ulcers. According to various studies, plant extracts have been shown to produce promising results in the treatment of peptic ulcers. Xanthone, the active substance contained in the mangosteen pericarp extract has been extensively studied for its role in various diseases. The present study was undertaken to identify the effect of mangosteen pericarp extract on gastric mucosal damage.Methods: This study was carried out from September−November 2014 in the Animal Laboratory of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung. Thirty two rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with different treatments and were induced by aspirin. Histologic studies were conducted to determine the score of gastric mucosal damage. The parameters used were Wattimena’s criteria for damage of gastric mucosa. Data was analyzed using Chi Square test and the outcome was measured in relative risk.Results: The study revealed a significant association between pretreatment with mangosteen pericarp extract and incidence of gastric mucosal damage induced by aspirin (p < 0.05). Calculation with a modified 2 × 2 table revealed a relative risk of 0.625.Conclusions: Rats pretreated with mangosteen pericarp extract exhibit less gastric mucosal damage, in experimentally aspirin-induced ulcer. [AMJ.2016;3(3):388–91] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v3n3.885

The Effectiveness of Emergency Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Patients with Severe Acute Cholangitis Muhammad Begawan Bestari; Nenny Agustanti; Yelica Rachmat; Dolvy Girawan; Ali Djumhana; Juke Roslia Saketi; Siti Aminah Abdurachman
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy VOLUME 11, NUMBER 3, December 2010
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/1132010128-131

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency, indications, yield and outcome of emergent endoscopy retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in severe acute cholangitis patients. Method: Records of all cholangitis patients undergoing ERCP were reviewed over a six months period. Indications, findings, therapeutic interventions and survival were analyzed. Indications for urgent drainage were temperature greater than 38ºC, increasing abdominal pain, jaundice and any organ involvement. Results: Of 80 ERCPs, 19 (23.75%) were severe acute cholangitis patients underwent emergency ERCP. The common bile duct was the duct of interest in all patients and was cannulated in 100%. The most common findings were choledocholithiasis (42.1%) and pancreatic head cancer (42.1%), followed by cholangiocarcinoma (10.5%) and papil vater carcinoma (5.3%). There were 12 (63.2%) septic shock patients with systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg and heart rate greater than 90 beats/minute who required inotropic drugs. Endoscopic biliary drainage was performed using 8.5 F biliary stent (73.7%) or common bile duct (CDB) stones removal (26.3%). The overall 30 days mortality was 0. Conclusion: Emergency ERCP in severe acute cholangitis is associated with improvement of clinical and some laboratory parameters without a complication of acute pancreatitis. In cases of chIoledocholithiasis, it can be performed with stone extraction as well as stent insertion Keywords: severe acute cholangitis, emergent ERCP, endoscopic stenting in difficult hilar biliary stricture

Role of Radial Endoscopic-ultrasound (EUS) to Establish Diagnosis of Undetermined Causes of Obstructive Jaundice: A Case Series Eka Surya Nugraha; Dolvy Girawan; Nenny Agustanti; Yudi Wahyudi; Muhammad Begawan Bestari
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 20, No 3 (2019): VOLUME 20, NUMBER 3, December 2019
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Identification the causes of obstructive jaundice are challenging. Recent radiologic imaging techniques improve diagnostic yield to determine jaundice causes. However, small lesions particularly in pancreas or periampullary area that lead to jaundice, often unrecognize with conventional radiologic imaging. Radial endoscopic-ultrasound (EUS) is the most sensitive modality to identify the lesions-related obstructive jaundice, remarkably in the lack of high-resolution radiologic facilities. We presented four cases of obstructive jaundice, without obvious obstruction causes from conventional radiologic imaging or abdominal ultrasound. All patients underwent radial EUS, pancreatic head mass revealed in 2 patients, and distal stenosis of the common bile duct without evidence of mass was found in 2 other patients. The masses size were 16 mm and 39 mm in diameter. Due to linear EUS and EUS guided fine needle were unavailable in our center, confirmation biopsy was undone. Three patients were performed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for dilatation and inserting stents, and one patient referred to the surgeon. In conclusion, radial EUS aided to diagnose the definite causes of jaundice despite in the less-equipped of high-resolution radiologic imaging.

Reliability of Hepatus® for Evaluating Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Jessica Cynthia Febryani; Muhammad Begawan Bestari; Haryono -; Dolvy Girawan; Nenny Agustanti; Yudi Wahyudi; Siti Aminah Abdurachman
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 23, No 2 (2022): VOLUME 23, NUMBER 2, August 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Abstract BackgroundAmong non-invasive strategies available for liver fibrosis assessment, transient elastography is widely used, as it is non-invasive and can be repeated. Hepatus® (Mindray, China) is one novel instrument for measuring liver stiffness that is now available in the market with lower price than its precursor, FibroScan® (Echosens, Paris). MethodIn this cross sectional study, CHB patients in single center were recruited consecutively in October 2021-December 2021. The patients were examined for LSM with two transient elastography instruments in one visit. The first instrument was Hepatus® (Mindray, China) and the second one was FibroScan® (Echosens, Paris). Both measurements were done by the same operator. ResultsA total of 68 CHB patients were enrolled in this study. Median score of LSM by Hepatus® and FibroScan® were 7.6 (5.92-11.88) and 7.35 (5.63-11.80) respectively. Spearman rank analysis for correlation showed a significant correlation between the results of the two instruments ( r= 0.8, p 0.05). The number of patients with significant fibrosis (≥8 kPa) identified by Hepatus® and FibroScan® were 28 (41%) and 29 (43%) respectively. McNemar test yielded no significant difference of the results (p= 1.000), and Cohen’s kappa measure of agreement showed moderate agreement (κ = 0.789 and p 0.005). ConclusionHepatus® identified similar number of significant fibrosis patients with FibroScan®, with the results of liver stiffness measurement between the two instruments correlated significantly. Hepatus® has a potential as an alternative tool for measuring liver stiffness with a more economic price. KeywordsHepatus®, FibroScan®, transient elastography, liver fibrosis, CHB

Tuberculous Splenic Abscesses as an Etiology in Prolonged Fever Dolvy Girawan; S A Abdurachman; Iman Supandiman; Hadi Jusuf; Tan Siauw Koan; Warko Karnadihardja
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy VOLUME 6, ISSUE 3, December 2005
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24871/63200588-90

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis covers all forms of tuberculosis in which the disease process occurs outside the lungs. Tuberculosis is one of the common infectious causes of splenic enlargement, but tuberculous splenic abscess is a rare presentation. We report the finding of tuberculous multiple splenic abscesses in a young male patient aged 33 years with prolonged fever. The main clinical feature was fever for 6 months prior to admission. Abdominal ultrasound revealed the spleen was normal in size but showed multiple abscesses. CT scan abdomen showed splenomegaly with multiple solid nodules. Patient underwent laparatomy and splenectomy, the spleen indeed showed multiple abscesses. Histopatology Result showed Langhan’s multi nucleated giant cells, caseous necrosis. The patients was diagnosed to have tuberculous multiple abscesses of the spleen. The patient was started on daily short-course antituberculosis drugs with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol. He responded well to oral antituberculosis treatment. Keywords: prolonged fever, abdominal ultrasound, CT scan abdomen, tuberculosis, multiple splenic abscesses, splenectomy

Antiviral Treatment and One-Year Follow-Up of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Bandung: An Observational Study Eka Surya Nugraha; Stefanie Hadi Supriami; Nur Atik; Nenny Agustanti; Yudi Wahyudi; Dolvy Girawan; M Begawan Bestari; Siti Aminah Abdurachman
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 23, No 2 (2022): VOLUME 23, NUMBER 2, August 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a health problem that has chronically infected 257 million globally. Appropriate therapy is immensely needed to prevent disease progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Moreover, routine monitoring is required to assess the efficacy of the given treatment. This study aims to describe the treatment and its follow-up outcomes among chronic HBV patients after one year of therapy in Bandung.Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study with a data sampling method obtained from assessing the medical records of treated chronic HBV outpatients at the Gastrohepatoenterology Clinic of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 2018 to 2020. Laboratory findings before and after one year of therapy were further assessed.Results: Out of 107 patients treated, the proportion of tenofovir was 72.90%, telbivudine 16.80%, lamivudine 8.40%, and interferon group 1.90%. There were 52.30% of patients who did follow-up visits after one year of therapy. The therapeutic outcome rate was evaluated among total patients with the criteria of decreasing AST (91.18%) and ALT levels (93.10%) levels, reduction of HBV-DNA values (100%), and HBeAg seroconversion (14.29%).Conclusion: The most given therapy among chronic HBV outpatients was tenofovir. The follow-up rate of patients after one year of treatment was 52.30%. Overall, antiviral therapies produced decreases in liver laboratory parameters, HBV-DNA, and HBeAg.

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