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All Journal Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Global Focus
Pradana, Muhammad Erza
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Social Sciences

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Setting New Delhi's Sail: A Realism Perspective of India's Pivot towards Israel Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua; Manullang, Abel Josafat; Pradana, Muhammad Erza
Global Focus Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jgf.2025.005.02.5

Abstract

Since its escalation on October 7th, 2023, the Israel-Palestine conflict has become a pivotal event, drawing global attention and complicating post-COVID international relations. India's historical stance of nonalignment, rooted in anti-colonialism and southern solidarity, has traditionally favored Palestinian independence. However, since the 1990s, India has gradually shifted its foreign policy, deepening ties with Israel amidst evolving geopolitical dynamics. This paper explores the factors driving India's shift towards stronger relations with Israel through a realist perspective. This paper employs the qualitative research methods with literature studies using primary and secondary data. The paper examines India's strategic adaptations in response to its rivalries with China and Pakistan. It finds that under BJP leadership, India's relationship with Israel has flourished, marked by extensive diplomatic exchanges and significant arms trade, making Israel a crucial ally in India's defense modernization. This partnership has provided India with critical military capabilities and technological advancements. The authors conclude that India's pursuit of strategic autonomy allows it to maintain agency and pursuit of national interests with little to none external restraints. This strategic autonomy approach underscores India's commitment to enhanced security and technological self-sufficiency amidst regional and global power shifts.
NATO ENLARGEMENT AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE COLD WAR Pradana, Muhammad Erza; Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v8i1.11104

Abstract

In the aftermath of the Cold War, the United States not only sought to preserve the NATO alliance but also supported its eastward enlargement. Beginning in 1999, NATO welcomed new member states; most were from the former Soviet bloc. America’s support for NATO enlargement deserves scrutiny. Why did the United States support NATO enlargement even when the Cold War had ended? To answer such a question is to uncover the rationale behind America’s decision. This is what this research aims to do. Utilizing the publicly available archival materials from the administrations of George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton and through a review of the scholarly literature, we argue that the U.S. decision to support NATO enlargement is largely consistent with the basic premise of offensive realism: that states are acutely aware of uncertainty and that they seek to maximize their power for security reasons. Notwithstanding the presence of liberal ideals, America’s support for NATO enlargement, in other words, did have sound strategic rationale.
Co-Authors Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua Manullang, Abel Josafat