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All Journal Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional PARAPOLITIKA: Journal Of Politics and Democracy Studies
Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil
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Humanities Social Sciences

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A BRIEF SKEPTICISM: THE DISCOURSE OF THE COPENHAGEN SCHOOL AND CYBER SECURITY IN INDONESIA Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil; Marulitua Gultom, Yosua Saut
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 2 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i2.9712

Abstract

The evidence shown from the last decade shows that Indonesia has been the constant target of cyber attacks, hence, the urgency to respond cyber threats with its according and appropriate response: a more securitized response. The existing literatures, however, have shown that the academic discourse national retaliation against the cyber threat is rarely guided by the Copenhagen School’s Securitization Theory, which has established a massive gap on why the the discourse has not been the mainstream approach on tackling Indonesia’s national threat on its cyber infrastructures. As a conclusion, the analytical lenses by the Barry Buzan and Ole Waever is strictly adopting concepts to define its own securitization process, but each concepts are still lacking of the depth required to wholefully understand how ideal securitization should and would work. Nonetheless, putting a state’s political actor as the securitization actor deemed to be putting too much emphasize as the state as the main national stakeholders, putting the society in an absurd position within the process of securitization.
Analisis Reflektif pada Pendekatan Neo-institusional dalam Memahami ASEAN sebagai Organisasi Kontraterorisme di regional Asia Tenggara Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil; Saraswati, Dini Putri; Nidatya, Nurfarah
PARAPOLITIKA: Journal of Politics and Democracy Studies Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023): PARAPOLITIKA: Journal of Politics and Democracy Studies
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Politik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/jpds.v4i2.5969

Abstract

Stabilitas regional Asia Tenggara diuji tidak hanya oleh persaingan Kekuatan Besar global di kawasan ini, tetapi juga oleh berkembangnya kejahatan lintas batas yang berubah, yaitu jaringan terorisme terorganisir. Dalam perspektif Studi Keamanan, dapat dipahami bahwa hambatan-hambatan regional ini dapat berwujud dalam tindakan ekstrem yang dapat lebih mengancam stabilitas keamanan kawasan. Menangani dan mengelola kejahatan lintas batas sulit untuk ditangani secara independen; oleh karena itu, negara-negara anggota ASEAN di kawasan Asia Tenggara bergabung dan membentuk mekanisme keamanan regional melalui ASEAN sebagai sarana kerja sama regional dalam menekan ancaman lintas batas. Namun, banyak studi akademik dalam dekade terakhir masih menilai ASEAN sebagai organisasi keamanan internasional yang cacat, meskipun memiliki prinsip-prinsip dasar dengan pendekatan kolaboratif dalam tugasnya untuk menekan kejahatan terorganisir lintas batas di kawasan ini. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa kesimpulan ini disebabkan oleh sudut pandang dalam menilai efektivitas ASEAN melalui pendekatan neo-institusionalisme. Dengan kata lain, makalah ini berargumen bahwa mengukur efektivitas sebuah institusi berdasarkan keterbatasan dan kepatuhan terhadap aturan-aturan formal atau informalnya diyakini kurang kontekstual untuk mengevaluasi ASEAN dan mekanismenya dalam menghadapi kejahatan terorganisir lintas batas di tingkat regional. Secara keseluruhan, pendekatan neo-institusionalisme tidak sepenuhnya memperhatikan kepentingan politik domestik negara anggota ASEAN sebagai salah satu dari banyak elemen penting dalam pengembangan mekanisme ASEAN dalam menangani kejahatan lintas batas.
Navigating the Discord: Assessing Civil-Military Relations Theory in Public Transparency Debate Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil; Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 7 No 1 (2024): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v7i1.7934

Abstract

Indonesia's government has faced significant criticism for its lack of transparency regarding defense and military expenditures. In early 2024, this issue garnered peak public attention when Prabowo Subianto, a key figure in Indonesia's military activities, defended the non-transparent approach as vital for securing regional strategic interests. This stance conflicts with the principles of liberal democracy, which prioritize public needs and aspirations. After reviewing existing literature, this paper finds that the Civil-Military Relations (CMR) theory has not yet been applied to assess the issue of military transparency at a domestic level. This study examines whether CMR theory can serve as an analytical framework for the discord between public demands for transparency towards military organizations. The findings suggest that while CMR theory is relevant to the relationship between civil and military and its justification for public demands for military transparency, the normative framework itself is inconsistent. Resonating with the existing literature, this paper also finds that this CMR is yet to be integrated with the corridor of political science and, thus best studied for practical and strategic needs; hence explains the requirement to assess more contextual and nuanced variables.
NATO ENLARGEMENT AND U.S. FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE COLD WAR Pradana, Muhammad Erza; Ghiffary Abdurrahman, Muhammad Kamil
Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 8 No 1 (2025): Mandala: Jurnal Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial Ilmu Politik, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33822/mjihi.v8i1.11104

Abstract

In the aftermath of the Cold War, the United States not only sought to preserve the NATO alliance but also supported its eastward enlargement. Beginning in 1999, NATO welcomed new member states; most were from the former Soviet bloc. America’s support for NATO enlargement deserves scrutiny. Why did the United States support NATO enlargement even when the Cold War had ended? To answer such a question is to uncover the rationale behind America’s decision. This is what this research aims to do. Utilizing the publicly available archival materials from the administrations of George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton and through a review of the scholarly literature, we argue that the U.S. decision to support NATO enlargement is largely consistent with the basic premise of offensive realism: that states are acutely aware of uncertainty and that they seek to maximize their power for security reasons. Notwithstanding the presence of liberal ideals, America’s support for NATO enlargement, in other words, did have sound strategic rationale.
Co-Authors Gultom, Yosua Saut Marulitua Marulitua Gultom, Yosua Saut Nurfarah Nidatya Pradana, Muhammad Erza Saraswati, Dini Putri