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All Journal Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial FAWAID: Sharia Economic Law Review Qaimuddin: Journal of Constitutional Law Review
Syamsul Darlis
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Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Cultural-Based Deviance on Islamic Law; Zakat Tekke Wale’ Spending in Basala, Konawe, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia Kamaruddin; Misbahuddin; Suprijati Sarib; Syamsul Darlis
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 18 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v18i2.10150

Abstract

Owners of swallow's nest in Basala District, South Konawe Regency give zakat of tekke wale' (swallow's nest) using gold zakat rate. This implies deviation from Islamic law and striking difference from the provisions of zakat law formulated by most Muslim scholars. This research aims to reveal the business phenomenon and practice of tekke wale' zakat spending, the factors beyond preference to use zakat with gold rate as well as culture-based deviations on Islamic law regarding this specific practice of zakat. This research is qualitative with an empirical-normative approach which includes interviews with swallow nest owners, community leaders, and religious leaders. Besides, it involves literature review to gather the data. The research shows that swallow nest business is a relatively new livelihood for local people so they have no definite guidance on how to spend the zakat. Their preference using gold zakat rate are due to five factors, ranging from lack of knowledge, assumption that swallow's nest is not a part of agricultural business, easy calculation in giving zakat using gold rate, following the previous swallow's nest owners, to easiness to determine the zakat recipients and spending period. Meanwhile, three forms of deviation from Islamic law existing at the practice urges the specific legal product concerning this specific commodity.
Pemberantasan Buta Aksara Al-Qur'an melalui Peraturan Daerah: Studi pada SMPN 12 Konawe Selatan Widiastuti; Aris Darmawan Al Habib; Syamsul Darlis; Muh. Asrianto Zainal
QAIMUDDIN: Journal of Constitutional Law Review Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): Qaimuddin: Journal of Constitutional Law Review
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam (IAIN) Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31332/qjclr.v6i2.14966

Abstract

Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Konawe Selatan Nomor 9 Tahun 2016 mewajibkan sekolah menengah pertama dan atas untuk menolak calon siswa yang tidak dapat membaca dan menulis Al-Qur'an. Studi tentang peraturan daerah terkait literasi Al-Qur'an sebagian besar mengevaluasi efektivitas program, namun belum meneliti situasi di mana ketentuan spesifik dan dapat ditegakkan sama sekali tidak dioperasionalkan. Artikel ini mengkaji implementasi Pasal 16 ayat (2) di SMPN 12 Konawe Selatan dan menjelaskan mengapa ketentuan tersebut menjadi norma tanpa dioperasionalkan. Dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum empiris (sosio-legal) dengan desain studi kasus tunggal, penelitian ini menggabungkan analisis isi normatif peraturan daerah dengan observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan kepala sekolah, guru pendidikan agama Islam, Sekretariat Daerah dan Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, analisis dokumen, dan tes membaca Al-Qur'an yang diberikan kepada 33 siswa kelas tujuh. Hanya 24,24% siswa yang membaca dengan lancar dan 48,48% membaca dengan lancar atau cukup lancar, jauh di bawah perkiraan guru sebesar 70%. Jika ditelaah melalui empat variabel implementasi Edwards III dan model ambiguitas-konflik Matland, temuan menunjukkan bahwa kegagalan tersebut berasal dari rantai komunikasi yang terputus, kurangnya sumber daya dan prosedur operasi standar, dan yang terpenting, konflik normatif antara persyaratan penerimaan dalam peraturan, sistem penerimaan siswa baru nasional, dan hak konstitusional atas pendidikan dasar. Oleh karena itu, ketentuan tersebut diimplementasikan secara simbolis: sah secara hukum tetapi tidak efektif secara praktis. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa tidak diberlakukannya ketentuan tersebut oleh sekolah dapat dibenarkan secara konstitusional dan merekomendasikan tinjauan legislatif yang mengubah persyaratan penerimaan yang bersifat eksklusif menjadi kewajiban perbaikan pasca-penerimaan yang didasarkan pada penilaian dasar yang terstandarisasi.
Oral Contracts and Legal Certainty in Malleleng under al-ʿĀdah al-Muḥakkamah Ihsan, Irfan; Ika Novitasari; Syamsul Darlis; Sulyman Muhammad-Busayri
Fawaid : Sharia Economic Law Review Vol 8 No 2 (2026): Fawaid: Sharia Economic Law Review
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah Universitas Islam Negeri Kendari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31332/flr.v8i2.15580

Abstract

Shocking Line: Oral agreements sustain traditional agricultural cooperation, yet their reliance on trust and unwritten obligations raises critical questions about contractual validity, legal certainty, and dispute resolution. Purpose of the study: This study examines the formation, implementation, and dispute resolution of oral agreements within the malleleng tradition in Kolaka, Indonesia, and evaluates their validity through Islamic contract theory (naẓariyyat al-ʿaqd) and the legal maxim al-ʿĀdah al-Muḥakkamah. Methods: Employing descriptive qualitative field research, data were collected through interviews with five purposively selected informants, observations, and documentation in Tolowe Ponre Waru Village. Data were analyzed through reduction, display, and conclusion drawing, supported by triangulation and normative assessment based on Islamic contractual requirements and customary legal principles. Findings and discussion: The findings reveal that malleleng agreements are established through oral consent, sustained by interpersonal trust, and resolved through customary deliberation. Although these arrangements may satisfy Islamic contractual requirements, undocumented obligations generate evidentiary uncertainty when disputes arise. Customary recognition supports their legitimacy but cannot substitute for contractual clarity, demonstrating the distinction between substantive validity and evidentiary reliability. Implication and Contribution: The study proposes an integrated framework connecting contractual validity, customary normative legitimacy, and evidentiary certainty. It contributes empirical insights into trust-based agricultural cooperation and demonstrates the value of integrating qualitative inquiry with Islamic legal analysis. Practically, simplified documentation may strengthen contractual protection without undermining customary autonomy, social trust, or mutual assistance. Keywords: Al-ʿĀdah al-Muḥakkamah; Malleleng; Islamic Contract Law; Legal Certainty; Oral Agreements.
Co-Authors Aris Darmawan Al Habib Ihsan, Irfan Ika Novita Sari Kamaruddin Misbahuddin Misbahuddin Muh. Asrianto Zainal Sulyman Muhammad-Busayri Suprijati Sarib Widiastuti