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All Journal Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Purnama, Shalvira
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Public Health

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Pyrethroid Resistance in Aedes Mosquitoes in East Kalimantan, Indonesia: Systematic Review 2005-2025 Purnama, Shalvira; Anggraini, Fitria Dewi Puspita; Zubaidah, Mona; Rahma, Khairunnida
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Synthetic pyrethroid insecticides remain the primary vector control strategy for Aedes sp. mosquitoes, the principal vectors of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya. Understanding regional resistance patterns is crucial for effective vector management programs in endemic areas. Objective : To systematically review and synthesize evidence on pyrethroid insecticide resistance status in Aedes sp. populations in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, from 2005 to 2025. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Multiple databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Indonesian Publication Index, and grey literature sources were searched from January 2005 to October 2025. Studies reporting pyrethroid resistance in Aedes sp. from East Kalimantan were included. Data extraction followed PICO framework: Population (Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus), Intervention (pyrethroid exposure), Comparison (susceptible strains), and Outcome (resistance status, mortality rates, knockdown times, molecular markers). Quality assessment was performed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results : Eight studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing data from multiple districts in East Kalimantan. Confirmed pyrethroid resistance was documented in Ae. aegypti populations across the province. Permethrin resistance ratios (RR50) ranged from 4.08× to 127×, while deltamethrin resistance ranged from 4.37× to 72.20×. Banjarmasin populations showed mortality rates of 51.67% to permethrin and 68.33% to deltamethrin. High frequencies of kdr mutations (F1534C and V1016G) were detected, along with elevated metabolic enzyme activities. Synergist assays demonstrated significant involvement of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases in resistance mechanisms. Conclusion/Lesson Learned :High-level pyrethroid resistance is widespread in Aedes aegypti across East Kalimantan, driven by both kdr and metabolic mechanisms, compromising current vector control efforts. Immediate adoption of insecticide resistance management—such as rotation, synergist use, and integrated vector management—is essential to restore control effectiveness and reduce dengue transmission risk.
Effectiveness of Video and Presentation-Based Education on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Generation Z in Samarinda Prameswari, Rayita Widya; Putri, Lathifah Athaillah; Purnama, Shalvira; Anggraini, Fitria Dewi Puspita; Nugroho, Hary
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence continues to increase globally, including in Indonesia. Health education plays an important role in increasing knowledge and preventive behaviors for T2DM. Media videos and live presentations are considered capable of strengthening public understanding, particularly among young people who are familiar with digital technology. Objective : To determine the effect of education using a combination of videos and presentations on increasing public knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research uses a pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. A total of 100 Generation Z respondents (born 1997–2013) with non-health backgrounds in Samarinda were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention consisted of a combined educational approach using videos and live presentations about type 2 diabetes. The research instrument was a validated and reliable knowledge questionnaire. Normality testing using Kolmogorov–Smirnov showed the data were not normally distributed (p < 0.05), so the analysis of knowledge score differences was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Results : The results showed p < 0.05, which means there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores. These results indicate that a combination of video and presentation education is effective in increasing respondents' knowledge about DMT2. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Health education using a combination of video media and presentations has been proven to significantly increase public knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus. This multimodal approach can be an effective strategy in digital health promotion, especially for young people.
Effectiveness and Side Effects of Natural and Modern Contraceptives in Multiparous Indonesian Families: Systematic Review Purnama, Shalvira; Pratiwi, Saufa Ayudia; Pakendek, Vincent Christopher; Ramadhani, Tsabitha; Rachman, Muhammad Awaludin; Nisa', Arroyyani Shofiatun; Syafa'at, Arifin Ilham; De Rozari, Theodorus Sebastian; Shabrina, Maryam; Yasmine, Syarifah Saniinah; Rahma, Khairunnida
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Family planning enables couples to regulate childbirth and improve reproductive health. This systematic literature review compares the effectiveness and side effects of natural and modern contraceptive methods among multiparous families in Indonesia. The review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches were conducted through ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar using the keywords "natural contraception," "modern contraception," "multiparity," "effectiveness," and "side effects." Nineteen articles published between 2015 and 2025 were analyzed. Findings indicate that modern contraceptive methods such as intrauterine devices (IUDs), implants, injections, pills, and surgical procedures (MOW and MOP) have higher effectiveness rates (98–99%) compared to natural methods including the calendar, cervical mucus, and withdrawal techniques (70– 95%). However, modern methods are often associated with minor side effects, such as menstrual irregularities, weight changes, and mood fluctuations, while serious complications are rare. Natural methods are generally free from physical side effects but carry a higher failure rate if not practiced consistently. Social, cultural, and economic factors strongly influence contraceptive choice among multiparous families. Although modern contraception is more effective, stigma, misinformation, and limited accessibility continue to hinder optimal utilization. Further large-scale analytical studies are required to assess long-term safety and to identify contextual factors that influence contraceptive decision-making in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Anggraini, Fitria Dewi Puspita De Rozari, Theodorus Sebastian Hary Nugroho Mona Zubaidah Nisa', Arroyyani Shofiatun Pakendek, Vincent Christopher Prameswari, Rayita Widya Pratiwi, Saufa Ayudia Putri, Lathifah Athaillah Rachman, Muhammad Awaludin Rahma, Khairunnida Ramadhani, Tsabitha Shabrina, Maryam Syafa'at, Arifin Ilham Yasmine, Syarifah Saniinah