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All Journal Buletin Veteriner Udayana
I Made Sukada
Laboratorium Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana, Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia 80234
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary

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OVERVIEW OF THE APPLICATION OF ANIMAL WELFARE IN BALI CATTLE FARMS IN THE HIGHLANDS AND LOWLANDS IN GIANYAR REGENCY OF BALI Gede Widiantara; Kadek Karang Agustina; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2024 Vol. 16 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i3.p15

Abstract

Increased demand for beef requires optimisation of animal husbandry, which in turn leads to improved management of livestock production. This situation must be balanced with the application of animal welfare principles, where a prosperous livestock situation will support optimal production. Geographical differences are one of the factors that determine the knowledge of farmers and the implementation of animal husbandry management. This study aims to determine the description of the application of animal welfare in Balinese cattle farms in the highlands located in Puhu Village and and lowlands located in Pering Village, Gianyar Regency. An observational design was conducted, data collection was done by directly interviewing Balinese cattle owners with the guidance of a set of questionnaires. Data were tabulated and then analysed qualitatively and presented in tabular form. To differentiate the application of animal welfare in the two research locations, the Mann Whitney test was conducted. The application of animal welfare on Bali cattle farms in the highlands, was in the category of less than 5%, sufficient 50%, and good 45.0%; while in the lowlands, it was in the sufficient category with a percentage of 45.5%, and the good category 54.5%. No significant differences were found in the animal welfare principles in the two sample villages. Farmers are expected to further improve their knowledge and application of animal welfare principles to increase livestock productivity.
SKULL MORPHOMETRY OF THE BOTI MONKEY Yuniq Insanillahia; I Gede Soma; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2024 Vol. 16 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i04.p20

Abstract

Boti monkey or Macaca tonkeana is one of the endemic animals from Central Sulawesi whose conservation status is categorized as Vulnerable. Skull morphometry measurements are needed especially for Sulawesi endemic primates, this is because skull morphometry studies can have implications in conservation issues, helping to identify populations that may require special attention or conservation measures. The purpose of this study was to determine the size dimensions of the boti monkey skull. This study used two boti monkey skulls that were measured with linear measurements using a digital caliper. Data collection of skull volume is done by entering the skull into a measuring container filled with water. The results showed the average bimaxillary width 43.02 mm, skull length 142.56 mm, bizygomatic width 91.13 mm, biauricular width 73.57 mm, cranial width 66.99 mm, basalskull length 97.25 mm, nasion-basion length 67.47 mm, basibregmatic height 49.47 mm, maxillar tooth row length 50.49 mm, mandible length 96.77 mm, bicondilar width of mandible 74.41 mm, biorbital width 69, 07 mm, bimalar width 83.54 mm, orbits width 54.03 mm, postorbital width 45.43 mm, supramaxillary width 28.15 mm, bicanine width 35.77 mm, incisor width 20.88 mm, bimolar width 39.06 mm, maxillary molar tooth row 23.45 mm, facial height 40.12 mm, postrostral length 85.91 mm, rostral length 64.63 mm, facial length 47.62 mm, and skull volume I 100 ml and skull II 50 ml. It can be concluded that there is a size difference between skull I and skull II. It is necessary to conduct further research on the volume of the boti monkey skull using more accurate measuring instruments and conduct DNA tests to determine the sex of the skull.
IMPLEMENTATION OF ANIMAL WELFARE IN BALI CATTLE FARMS IN SEBATU AND TARO VILLAGE, GIANYAR, BALI Dina Elviana; Kadek Karang Agustina; I Ketut Suada; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2024 Vol. 16 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i3.p17

Abstract

Demand for beef continues to increase, this creates an opportunity for Bali cattle breeders to increase their production. The decline in cattle production can also be influenced by a lack of public knowledge about livestock management and a lack of knowledge and implementation of animal welfare. The aim of the research is to determine the implementation of animal welfare on Balinese cattle farms in Sebatu Village and Taro Village, Tegallalang District, Gianyar Regency. This research uses an observational method by interviewing cattle breeders directly. The number of respondents was 40 families who were raising cattle in Sebatu Village and Taro Village, Tegallalang District, Gianyar Regency, Bali. The research results show that the implementation of animal welfare in Sebatu Village is in the good category as much as 50% and 50% is very good, while in Taro Village the implementation of animal welfare in the good category is 65% and very good 35%. It can be concluded that the application of animal welfare principles in the two sample villages does not show significant differences. It is recommended to carry out further research regarding the fulfillment of minimum animal welfare standards on Balinese cattle farms throughout Bali
COMPARISON OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ANIMAL WELFARE IN BROILER CHICKEN FARM IN PUHU AND PERING VILLAGE IN GIANYAR DISTRICT Dewa Akbar Maulana; Kadek Karang Agustina; Ketut Tono Pasek Gelgel; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2024 Vol. 16 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i04.p05

Abstract

Meat demand in Indonesia is mostly supplied by poultry, especially broiler chickens. In order to optimise the supply of broiler chickens, many farmers try to optimise production management to ignore the concept of animal welfare, one of which is by increasing the population in the hope of minimising the movement or activity of the chicken itself so that the energy in the chicken is not used up to move and can be channelled into its growth, this certainly causes violations of the animal welfare aspect itself. This research aims to study the application of animal welfare and its comparison between Puhu and Pering villages. This study used observational method with total sampling, where all broiler farmers in Puhu and Pering villages were recorded. Data collection was done by direct interview guided by an integrated questionnaire on 5 aspects of animal welfare implementation. Data were scored using a Guttman scale and analysed using descriptive qualitative method, and Mann-Whitney test was used to differentiate the application between the two villages. The results of the study found that in Puhu village, 83.3% of farms were in the good category and 16.7% were very good, while in Pering village, 100% of broiler farms were found to apply the concept of animal welfare very well. In the comparison test, it was found that there was a difference in the aspect of fulfilling the principle of freedom from pain or disease, where farmers in Pering village implemented it very well. It can be concluded that there is a very significant difference between the application of animal welfare in broiler chickens in Puhu and Pering villages. It is expected that farmers in Puhu village pay more attention to the health aspects of their livestock so that broiler welfare is more optimal.
HEMOGLOBIN VALUE OF ETAWA CROSSBREED SUFFERING FROM SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN RAKA ETAWA FARM, SINGAPADU KALER GIANYAR BALI Christine Ratu Azalia Kero; Anak Agung Sagung Kendran; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa; Siswanto; I Made Sukada; Putu Devi Jayanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. August 2024 Vol. 16 No. 4
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2024.v16.i04.p33

Abstract

One of the health problems that occurs in Etawa crossbreed (PE) goat farms as dairy goats is subclinical mastitis. Subclinical mastitis is potential mastitis that does not show clinical symptoms in the udder. In an effort to support the health of PE goats as dairy livestock, it is necessary to carry out routine health checks, one of which is blood tests such as hemoglobin tests. This study aims to determine the hemoglobin value of Etawa crossbreed goats (PE) suffering from subclinical mastitis. Blood samples were taken after the CMT test on goats that were positive for subclinical mastitis. After that, a blood sample was taken from the jugular vein area using needle blood colection with the help of vacuntainer holder and put in coolbox. The blood samples that have been taken are then examined using a Hematology Analyzer RT 7600. The data obtained is then analyzed descriptively regarding hemoglobin values. The research results showed that hemoglobin in PE goats showed values ​​within the normal range, namely 8.46 ± 0.85 g/dL with a range of 7.4 – 9.6 g/dL. To support better results, farmers need to maintain the health of their livestock by routinely carrying out livestock checks, including blood tests.  
ASSESSING ANTIBIOTIC SALES AMONG ANIMAL FEED TRADERS IN RURAL BALI: INSIGHTS FROM BANGLI AND TEMBUKU SUBDISTRICTS Ni Komang Dyah Purnamasari; Kadek Karang Agustina; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p37

Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) occurs when microorganisms develop resistance to antimicrobial agents, partly due to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics for treatment and disease prevention. The easy accessibility of antibiotic distribution has led livestock feed traders to sell antibiotics without veterinary prescriptions. This study aimed to identify the percentage of feed traders selling antibiotics, the types available, and the proportion of licensed traders in Bangli and Tembuku Districts, Bali. Using a questionnaire-based interview method with descriptive analysis and Chi-Square testing, the findings revealed that 9.5% (10/106) of traders sold antibiotics, while only 0.94% (1/106) possessed a valid veterinary drug license and required prescriptions. The antibiotics sold included Amoxicillin, Enrofloxacin, Lincomycin HCl, Oxytetracycline HCl, Spectinomycin HCl, Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline Calcium, Erythromycin, Tetracycline HCl, and Tylosin Tartrate.  The results indicate uncontrolled antibiotic circulation in both locations, underscoring the need for stricter regulatory oversight and trader education on licensing requirements and the risks of antibiotic misuse.
LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND BEHAVIOR OF THE COMMUNITY IN BANJAR PANDE AND BANJAR PASEKAN TOWARDS THE ROLE OF WOLBACHIA MOSQUITOES AS A STRATEGY TO CONTROL DENGUE FEVER I Made Gede Asta Ginawan; I Made Sukada; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa; Kadek Karang Agustina; I Wayan Masa Tenaya; I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Trilaksana
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p26

Abstract

Wolbachia is a naturally occurring bacterium found in various insects, such as fruit flies, butterflies, and moths. It has been utilized as an innovative strategy to control the spread of dengue fever by releasing Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. This study aimed to assess the public’s understanding of the benefits of Wolbachia-carrying mosquitoes as a dengue control measure. Data were collected through questionnaire-based interviews with residents of Banjar Pande and Banjar Pasekan in Kaba-Kaba Village, Kediri District, Tabanan Regency. Pre-test results revealed that the level of knowledge among Banjar Pande residents was 50%, attitude 45%, and behavior 66%. Meanwhile, in Banjar Pasekan, pre-test scores for knowledge, attitude, and behavior were 47%, 47%, and 60%, respectively. These findings indicate that, prior to educational interventions, community awareness, attitudes, and behavior regarding Wolbachia mosquitoes as a dengue control strategy were at a moderate level. Post-test results demonstrated significant improvements, with the community exhibiting deeper knowledge, increased concern, and greater acceptance of Wolbachia technology. This study concludes that targeted education effectively enhances public awareness and support for Wolbachia as a sustainable dengue prevention approach.
THE EFFECT OF MILKING TIME ON THE PRODUCTION OF ETAWA GOAT MILK AT RAKA ETAWA FARM, SINGAPADU, SUKAWATI SUB DISTRICT, GIANYAR REGENCY Talitha Ad Hajina Br. Sitepu; I Made Sukada; Wayan Bebas
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p02

Abstract

Crossbred etawah goats are one of the ruminant livestock breeds with great potential as milk producers with high nutritional value. One of the important factors that can influence milk productivity is milking time. This study aims to determine the effect of milking time on the milk yield of crossbred etawah goats. This research employed a quantitative method with an experimental approach. The sample consisted of 15 crossbred etawah goats milked twice daily for seven consecutive days. The collected data were analyzed using simple linear regression with the assistance of SPSS software. The results showed a significant effect of milking time on milk production. Morning milking produced a higher volume of milk compared to afternoon milking with a sig value of 0.001. This is presumably due to a longer rest period at night and cooler environmental conditions in the morning. Hormonal factors, such as the hormone prolactin which influences the lactation process, also tend to be more active in the morning, which can increase milk production. It can be concluded that milking time affects the milk yield of crossbred etawah goats with morning milking being more effective in increasing production. Milking time is an important aspect in the lactation management of dairy goats. It is recommended that farmers optimize morning milking schedules to achieve maximum milk yield.
ERYTHROCYTE PROFILE OF GOLDFISH FROM SELLER IN DENPASAR, BALI Giovanni Owen Girsang; Sri Kayati Widyastuti; I Made Sukada
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p06

Abstract

Goldfish (Carassius spp.) is one of the most popular ornamental freshwater fish in Indonesia, originating from China and domesticated since 1860 with various color variants and unique body shapes resulting from selective breeding. This study aimed to analyze the erythrocyte profile of goldfish sold in Denpasar, Bali, as a baseline for health status assessment and early disease detection. This observational descriptive study examined blood samples from 10 healthy goldfish (5 males and 5 females) with lengths of 7-10 cm. Blood collection was performed at the Animal Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, using 1 ml syringes with 26G needles following anesthesia with Koi Anesthesia®. Complete blood count analysis was conducted using an Auto Hematology Analyzer Rayto RT-7600 for Vet, while blood smears were prepared using Diff-Quik staining for morphological examination. The results showed mean hemoglobin (Hb) values of 3.25 g/dL (range: 1.9-6.4 g/dL), mean hematocrit (Hct) of 4.55% (range: 0-9.1%), and mean erythrocyte count (RBC) of 0.15 × 10⁶/μL (range: 0.01-0.88 × 10⁶/μL). Erythrocyte indices revealed mean MCV of 96.85 fL (range: 81.3-112.4 fL), mean MCH of 88.35 pg (range: 52.6-124.1 pg), and mean MCHC of 80.1 g/dL (range: 48.3-151.4 g/dL). It can be concluded that the erythrocyte profile of goldfish in Denpasar shows considerable individual variation, which may reflect differences in genetic factors, environmental conditions, or handling practices during the study. It is recommended to improve blood collection techniques to minimize cell damage and contamination, potentially through additional training with experienced practitioners and protocol refinement to ensure more valid results that accurately reflect the physiological condition of goldfish.
THE THE EFFECT OF GREEN MENIRAN EXTRACT ON AVIAN INFLUENZA ANTIBODY TITER IN BROILERS TWO WEEKS BEFORE VACCINATION Dewandaru Evan Wintyassatya; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana; Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa; I Made Sukada; Ni Luh Eka Setiasih; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. June 2025 Vol. 17 No. 3
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i03.p32

Abstract

Avian Influenza (AI) is a viral disease that poses a serious threat to poultry farming, particularly in broiler production. The rapid and massive spread of AI in poultry flocks can cause substantial economic losses for farmers. Vaccination is one of the primary strategies for AI prevention; however, the currently available AI vaccines are killed/inactivated types, which tend to induce antibody titers slowly. This limitation, coupled with the relatively short rearing period of broilers, reduces vaccine effectiveness in broiler chickens. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of green meniran (Phyllanthus niruri Linn.) extract on enhancing antibody titers in broilers when administered for two weeks prior to AI vaccination. A total of 30 broiler chickens aged from day 1 to 32 days were used as experimental subjects. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three groups: negative control (K−), positive control (K+), and treatment group (P). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Regression Analysis via SPSS software. The results demonstrated a comparative increase in average antibody titers in the treatment group receiving Phyllanthus niruri extract compared to the control groups. It was concluded that supplementation with Phyllanthus niruri extract effectively enhanced antibody titers in broilers vaccinated with the inactivated AI La Sota vaccine, with peak antibody responses observed 1–2 weeks post-vaccination. The administration of green Phyllanthus niruri extract has been proven to stimulate antibody titers in broilers by accelerating the development of protective antibody levels against the AI virus. The timing of sample collection was shown to significantly affect antibody titers, with the highest levels observed during the first to second week post-vaccination. Future research on the administration of Phyllanthus niruri extract to improve antibody titers against Avian Influenza (AI) in broilers is expected to extend the duration of supplementation until the harvesting period and to include higher dosage variations in order to achieve more optimal and protective results.
Co-Authors Anak Agung Sagung Kendran Christine Ratu Azalia Kero Dewa Akbar Maulana Dewandaru Evan Wintyassatya Dina Elviana Gede Widiantara Giovanni Owen Girsang I Gede Soma I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Trilaksana I Ketut Suada I Made Gede Asta Ginawan I Made Kardena I Wayan Masa Tenaya I Wayan Suardana Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Kadek Karang Agustina Keirrann Arthur Paskahadi Ketut Tono Pasek Gelgel Ni Komang Dyah Purnamasari Ni Luh Eka Setiasih Putu Devi Jayanti Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa Siswanto Sri Kayati Widyastuti Talitha Ad Hajina Br. Sitepu Wayan Bebas Yuniq Insanillahia