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All Journal Buletin Veteriner Udayana
I Made Kardena
Laboratorium Patologi Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Udayana, Jl. PB. Sudirman, Denpasar, Bali, 80234, Indonesia
Immunology & microbiology Public Health Veterinary

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CASE REPORT: SUSPECT HOG CHOLERA VIRUS INFECTION IN PIGLET AT BUAHAN VILLAGE, PAYANGAN DISTRICT, GIANYAR REGENCY, BALI Indah Ihsan Wahyuni; Tri Komala Sari; I Made Kardena; I Nengah Kerta Besung; Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. October 2025 Vol. 17 No. 5
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i05.p24

Abstract

Hog Cholera or Classical Swine Fever is a viral disease that attacks all ages of pigs. This viral disease is caused by the Hog Cholera virus from the genus Pestivirus, family Flaviviridae. The virulence of the Hog Cholera virus depends on the age and level of immunity of the pig. The case animal used was a 3 months old landrace pig, originating from one of the farms in Buahan Village, Payangan subdistrict, Gianyar district, Bali. The clinical symptoms that appeared in the case animals were yellowish-gray diarrhea, high fever, anorexia, cough, weakness, and erythema on the skin of the stomach and ear areas. Confirmation of the diagnosis of Hog Cholera virus infection is made from the results of changes in anatomical pathology and histopathological results. Anatomical pathological changes occur in almost all organs, and the changes that occur include hemorrhage and even congestion. The results of histopathological examination showed that in most of the organs that experienced changes, inflammatory cells were visible, which were dominated by mononuclear (lymphoid) cells. Based on the anamnesis, clinical signs, epidemiological signs, anatomical and histopathological changes observed, as well as qualitative fecal examination, it can be concluded that the pig case is suspected of being infected with the hog cholera virus and strongyl worm.
MULTIORGAN LESIONS IN PIGLETS COINFECTED WITH STREPTOCOCCUS SUIS AND ASCARIS SUUM: A CASE STUDY Delima Marsinta Ida Pasaribu; I Nengah Kerta Besung; Ida Bagus Made Oka; I Made Kardena; Tri Komala Sari
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. October 2025 Vol. 17 No. 5
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i05.p12

Abstract

Pigs are among the most commonly raised livestock animals for human consumption. However, pig farming often faces significant challenges, particularly related to animal health. This case study aims to describe the anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory findings to establish a definitive diagnosis of the disease that led to the death of a three-week-old piglet from Marga Village, Marga District, Tabanan Regency. Data collection included clinical observations, anamnesis, epidemiological data, and laboratory analyses, which were examined descriptively and qualitatively. The clinical signs observed in the piglet included anorexia, diarrhea, inability to stand, paddling, swelling of the limb joints, body tremors, and reddish skin lesions. Epidemiological data indicated a morbidity rate of 0.9%, a mortality rate of 0.9%, and a case fatality rate of 100%. Gross pathological findings revealed congestion and hemorrhages in the brain, lungs, heart, intestines, and kidneys. The liver and spleen appeared swollen and discolored, as did the stomach. Histopathological examination showed meningoencephalitis; hemorrhagic and edematous bronchopneumonia; intermyocardial edema; splenitis; hepatitis; hemorrhagic glomerulonephritis; gastritis; enteritis; and colitis. The dominant inflammatory cells were lymphocytes and macrophages, indicating a chronic infection. Bacteriological analysis revealed the presence of Streptococcus spp. in the brain, lungs, and liver, while parasitological examination identified Ascaris suum eggs. Based on the findings, the piglet was diagnosed with streptococcosis and ascariasis. Implementing strict biosecurity and sanitation measures is crucial in pig farming to prevent infectious diseases.
CO-INFECTION OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE, COCCIDIOSIS, AND COLISEPTICEMIA IN BROILER CHICKEN: CASE STUDY Adi Setiawan; Tjokorda Sari Nindhia; Ida Bagus Made Oka; Yeocelin Meida Utami; I Made Kardena
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. December 2025 Vol. 17 No. 6
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i06.p28

Abstract

Newcastle disease (ND), coccidiosis, and colisepticemia are major infectious diseases in broiler chickens that can lead to high economic losses due to increased morbidity and mortality. The subject of this case study is a 28-day-old broiler chickens from one of the closed house farms in Pering Village, Blahbatuh District, Gianyar Regency, Bali. This case study aims to establish a diagnosis based on medical history, epidemiological data, clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology, histopathology, and laboratory test results. Clinical symptoms of the affected chickens included subcutaneous emphysema, feather loss covering nearly two-thirds of the abdominal and chest areas, feather loss, decreased appetite over the past four days, sneezing, watery diarrhea mixed with green and white mucus, blackened comb tips, and clear yellow exudate from the nasal cavity. Epidemiological survey results showed a morbidity rate of 2.6%, a mortality rate of 1.8%, and a case fatality rate (CFR) of 71%. Pathological anatomy examination results indicated that nearly all organs showed hemorrhage, with some organs exhibiting enlargement, white spots, and soft consistency. Similar findings were observed in histopathology, with nearly all organs showing inflammatory changes characterized by lymphocyte, neutrophil, macrophage infiltration, hemorrhage, necrosis, and edema. Hemagglutination (HA) testing showed a titer of 23 HAU, while hemagglutination inhibition (HI) testing was confirmed the presence of ND virus. Bacterial culture result of organ samples using Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA) medium was positive result for Escherichia coli, and fecal examination identified Eimeria spp. Therefore, it was concluded that the infected chickens were diagnosed with Newcastle disease, coccidiosis, and colisepticemia. These multiple infections contributed to the severity of clinical signs and high case fatality, highlighting the need for effective prevention and biosecurity measures.
FATAL CO-INFECTION OF CANINE PARVOVIRUS AND TOXOCARA CANIS IN A PUPPY: A CASE REPORT FROM DENPASAR, BALI Regita Laras Saputri; Ida Bagus Kade Suardana; I Putu Cahyadi Putra; I Made Kardena; Ni Wayan Helpina Widyasanti
Buletin Veteriner Udayana Bul. Vet. Udayana. October 2025 Vol. 17 No. 5
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/bulvet.2025.v17.i05.p15

Abstract

This case report documents a fatal co-infection of Canine Parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) and the nematode Toxocara canis in a 2.5-month-old, unvaccinated female local puppy in Denpasar, Bali. The animal presented with acute clinical signs including anorexia, vomiting, hemorrhagic diarrhea, and severe dehydration, leading to death. A comprehensive post-mortem examination was conducted, including necropsy, histopathology, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), bacteriology, and parasitology. PCR analysis confirmed a CPV-2 infection, demonstrated by a 900 bp DNA amplicon. Macroscopic findings included multi-organ hemorrhages, cardiac enlargement with a blunt apex, and intestinal necrosis. Histopathology revealed widespread lymphocytic inflammation. Concurrently, parasitological examination identified a significant T. canis infection, evidenced by six adult worms in the large intestine and numerous eggs and larvae in the feces. While Escherichia coli was isolated from the intestines, no other systemic bacterial pathogens were detected. It was concluded that the synergistic pathogenicity of the CPV-2 and T. canis co-infection was the cause of death, with the parvovirus causing severe intestinal damage and immunosuppression, which was exacerbated by the parasitic burden. This case highlights the importance of integrated diagnostic approaches and underscores the critical need for regular deworming and routine vaccination in preventing such fatal disease combinations in puppies.
Co-Authors Adi Setiawan Delima Marsinta Ida Pasaribu I Nengah Kerta Besung I Nengah Kerta Besung I Putu Cahyadi Putra I Putu Cahyadi Putra, I Putu Cahyadi Ida Ayu Pasti Apsari Ida Bagus Kade Suardana Ida Bagus Made Oka Ida Bagus Made Oka Indah Ihsan Wahyuni Ni Wayan Helpina Widyasanti Regita Laras Saputri Tjokorda Sari Nindhia Tri Komala Sari Tri Komala Sari Yeocelin Meida Utami