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All Journal Haumeni Journal of Education
Nurbaeti Nurbaeti
Universitas Pattimura
Education

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Menelaah Fenomena Pendidikan Luar Sekolah dalam Ilmu Antropologi: Kajian Kritis Enkulturasi, Kekuasaan, dan Proses Pelestarian Budaya Rahmat Zulfikar Hamid; Nurbaeti Nurbaeti; Muh Kasim; Alwi Usra Usman
Haumeni Journal of Education Vol 5 No 3 (2025): Edisi Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/haumeni.v5i3.26726

Abstract

The urgency of studying Non-Formal Education arises from the pressures of modernization and digital disruption, which threaten the preservation of local knowledge. Its relevance lies in understanding the role of Non-Formal Education as a last bastion for enculturation and identity formation amid cultural erosion. This article aims to critically examine it from an anthropological perspective, analyzing the dynamics of enculturation, manifestations of power, and its role in cultural preservation. This qualitative research with an interpretive ethnographic approach uses participant observation and in-depth interviews in indigenous communities, with inductive data analysis. The main findings show that enculturation is a negotiated and selective process driven by youth. However, the presence of asymmetrical power relations, including senior hegemony and gender difference marginalization, results in structural inequalities. Overall, this research was conducted to contribute to Critical Educational Anthropology by presenting a diagnostic model that collaborates power and agency into a framework referred to as enculturation. This conclusion shows that the success of cultural preservation depends on the transformation of out-of-school education into a system that is more inclusive and dialogical for everyone. It is highly recommended that further studies use a mixed-methods approach to measure findings on this phenomenon.
Integrasi Kearifan Lokal Pela Gandong Masyarakat Maluku dalam Pembelajaran IPS di Sekolah Menengah Pertama Nurbaeti Nurbaeti; Henri Henri
Haumeni Journal of Education Vol 6 No 1 (2026): Edisi Juni 2026
Publisher : Universitas Nusa Cendana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35508/haumeni.v6i1.28080

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisis integrasi kearifan lokal Pela Gandong masyarakat Maluku dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Pela Gandong merupakan sistem persaudaraan adat yang mengandung nilai toleransi, solidaritas, dan gotong royong yang sejalan dengan tujuan pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Subjek penelitian adalah guru IPS, kepala sekolah, siswa, dan tokoh adat di Kota Ambon. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) nilai-nilai Pela Gandong seperti persaudaraan, toleransi, masohi (gotong royong), solidaritas, dan resolusi konflik sangat relevan dengan kompetensi dasar IPS di SMP; (2) guru mengintegrasikan Pela Gandong melalui tiga pola utama, yaitu pendekatan kontekstual, pembelajaran berbasis proyek, dan kunjungan lapangan, namun implementasinya masih bersifat sporadis; (3) siswa SMP menunjukkan respons positif dan peningkatan pemahaman sosial ketika materi IPS dikaitkan dengan pengalaman budaya Pela Gandong yang mereka kenal; (4) faktor pendukung berupa kedekatan kultural siswa dan dukungan tokoh adat, serta faktor penghambat berupa minimnya sumber belajar lokal dan belum adanya panduan kurikulum terstruktur. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan modul IPS berbasis Pela Gandong dan penguatan kebijakan kurikulum muatan lokal tingkat SMP.
Co-Authors Alwi Usra Usman Henri Henri Muh Kasim Rahmat Zulfikar Hamid