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All Journal Fikrah: Jurnal Ilmu Aqidah dan Studi Keagamaan Islamika Inside: Jurnal Keislaman dan Humaniora
Faridah, Euis
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Religion Arts Humanities Social Sciences

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Reinterpretation of God: Islamic Kalam Thought in the Era of Global Multiculturalism Alfadhilah, Jauharotina; Faridah, Euis; Fathullah, Hasan Akbar
Islamika Inside: Jurnal Keislaman dan Humaniora Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025): DECEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin, Adab dan Humaniora (FUAH) UIN Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/islamikainside.v11i2.302

Abstract

God is a transcendent reality that has long been the central object of metaphysical and theological inquiry. In the Islamic intellectual tradition, particularly within the discipline of kalam, the discourse on God has produced diverse interpretations regarding His essence, attributes, and existence. In the contemporary era of global multiculturalismcharacterized by plural traditions, worldviews, and intercultural encounters the question of how kalam thought about God remains relevant and requires renewed interpretation. The purpose of this study is to reinterpret the concept of God in Islamic kalam thought and to explore its relevance for fostering tolerance, intercultural dialogue, and religious coexistence in the context of global multiculturalism. To achieve this, the research employs a qualitative method with a theoretical-hermeneutical approach, focusing on textual analysis and interpretative reflection on classical and modern kalam discourses. The findings indicate that, according to kalam thought, God is One, possesses both essence (dhat) and attributes (sifat), exists necessarily by Himself, and His existence is independent of human acknowledgment. The plurality of views concerning God within Islamic theology and among world religions should not be regarded as a weakness, but rather as an opportunity to nurture tolerance and mutual respect. In this sense, the reinterpretation of God through kalam thought contributes not only to strengthening rational faith but also to building bridges of dialogue in today’s pluralistic and multicultural society.
When a Philosopher Refutes Philosophy: The Condition of Ambivalence in Ibn Khaldun’s Refutation of Philosophy Iqbal, Imam; Farihah, Irzum; Eliawati, Eliawati; Faridah, Euis
FIKRAH Vol 13, No 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Prodi Aqidah dan Filsafat Islam, Fakultas Ushuluddin, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/fikrah.v13i2.32132

Abstract

This article examines Ibn Khaldun’s refutation of philosophy. This refutation is confusing because of his position as a prominent Muslim philosopher. How can a philosopher refute philosophy? In a broader context, Ibn Khaldun’s refutation warrants study because he represents the position of a philosopher-cum-religious figure amid a latent conflict between the rational-philosophical and scriptural-religious perspectives. This article aims to fill the gap in studies regarding Ibn Khaldun’s attitude towards philosophy, which has thus far focused more on his refutation and neglected the relationship between his refutation and his acceptance. To achieve this goal, qualitative research was conducted on Ibn Khaldun’s works along with other writings from journal articles, books, and online literature discussing this topic. Data analysis was carried out using a productive hermeneutic approach to generate a new understanding of his refutation. The research indicates that Ibn Khaldun not only refuted but also accepted philosophy. His stance reveals a persistent condition of ambivalence toward several fundamental philosophical issues. In Ibn Khaldun’s thought, this condition of ambivalence operates as both a discursive and an epistemological strategy, enabling the integration of a rational–philosophical worldview with a scriptural–religious one. Framing his position through this lens of ambivalence, which is advanced in this article as a distinctive analytical perspective, offers a fresh and nuanced understanding of his engagement with philosophy. In the broader context, this perspective of ambivalence serves as a fresh interpretive framework for understanding the refutation of philosophy in the Islamic world, particularly as articulated by a philosopher-cum-religious figure.
Co-Authors Alfadhilah, Jauharotina Eliawati, Eliawati Fathullah, Hasan Akbar Imam Iqbal Irzum Farihah