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All Journal Jurnal Agro JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi
Zendrato, Yuniel Melvanolo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Immunology & microbiology Social Sciences Other

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Uji Mutu Perkecambahan Benih Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) Beberapa Genotipe Hondro, Alexandre Meziwasokhi; Banjarnahor, Dina Rotua Valentina; Kurnia, Theresa Dwi; Zendrato, Yuniel Melvanolo
Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : Department of Biology Education, FSTT, Mandalika University of Education, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/bioscientist.v13i4.18546

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate and compare the germination quality of wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) from several genotypes in order to identify the genotype with the best germination power and vigor. The research was carried out at the Seed Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture and Business, Satya Wacana Christian University using a Group Random Design (RAK) with three replicates. Data that did not meet the assumptions of normality and homogeneity were analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test and followed by the Dunn–Bonferroni test at the level of 5%. The observation parameters were grouped into germination power parameters (germination power and growth sufficiency), vigor parameters (growth speed and wet and dry weight of sprouts), and early germination growth parameters (shoot and root length and number of leaves and roots). The results showed that the genotype had a real effect on the physiological quality of wheat seeds, where the Guri 2 genotype showed the best performance with high germination power and vigor and better root growth compared to other genotypes, while the Nias genotype also showed strong vigor and good germination quality, while the Guri 4 genotype had the lowest physiological quality of seeds with low germination power and vigor. These findings confirm the importance of the role of genetic variation in determining the physiological quality of wheat seeds, so that the Guri 2 and Nias genotypes have the potential to be used as superior genetic sources in wheat breeding programs as well as as the basis for the development and production of quality seeds to support the improvement of wheat adaptation and productivity in Indonesia.
Respon morfologi dan parameter genetik karakter biomassa sorgum lokal Indonesia induksi radiasi sinar gamma Zendrato, Yuniel Melvanolo; Kurnia, Theresa Dwi
Jurnal AGRO Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/j.agro.49631

Abstract

Pengembangan program diversifikasi diperlukan untuk menjawab permasalahan pangan dan bioenergi di Indonesia. Tanaman sorgum lokal dapat menjadi alternatif komoditas strategis untuk menjawab tantangan ini, dengan mengkaji kajian keragaman genetik dan potensinya. Pemuliaan mutasi dengan irradiasi sinar gamma dapat meningkatkan keragaman tanaman sorgum yang diarahkan untuk seleksi kandidat unggul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi respon morfologi dan parameter genetik karakter biomassa sorgum lokal Indonesia yang diinduksi melalui iradiasi gamma. Tujuh varietas sorgum Indonesia diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, dan 500 Gy) dan ditanam pada kondisi lingkungan suhu berkisar 23-28 oC, curah hujan 3316 mm per tahun, dan pH tanah 5,8. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan keragaman genetik varietas lokal sorgum yang diindikasikan dengan interaksi antara varietas dan dosis sinar gamma yang signifikan (p-value < 0.001) pada beberapa karakter pengamatan.  Karakter biomassa memiliki korelasi positif dengan tinggi tanaman (r=0.92) dan karakter lain seperti diameter batang, karakter daun, dan brix.  Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang dan brix memiliki heritabilitas >0,87 dan kemajuan genetik persentase rata-rata yang tinggi (GAM) >27,83) sehingga karakter ini dijadikan karakter seleksi untuk biomassa sorgum.  Ada 10 genotipe sorgum yang diseleksi berdasarkan indeks seleksi yang mengarah ke biomassa sorgum, yaitu S1R2, S1R1, S7R2, S6R0, S6R4, S6R5, S6R2, S2R0, S4R3, dan S1R0. Genotipe ini dapat digunakan sebagai materi genetik untuk program pemuliaan sorgum sebagai bioenergi masa depan di Indonesia. ABSTRACT The development of diversification programs is necessary to address food and bioenergy issues in Indonesia. Local sorghum can be used as strategic commodity alternative to address these challenges by examining genetic diversity and potential. Mutant breeding using gamma irradiation can increase the diversity of sorghum for the selection of superior candidates. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological response and genetic parameters of biomass characteristics of local Indonesian sorghum induced by gamma irradiation. Seven Indonesian sorghum varieties were irradiated with gamma rays (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 Gy) and planted in environmental conditions with temperatures ranging from 23 to 28 °C, annual rainfall of 3316 mm, and soil pH of 5.8, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. The results showed an increase in the genetic diversity of local sorghum varieties, as indicated by a significant interaction between variety and gamma ray dose (p-value < 0.001) in several observed traits. Biomass traits had a significant positive correlation with plant height (r=0.92) and other traits such as stem diameter, leaf traits, and brix. Plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and brix had high heritability (>0.87) and genetic advance per mean (GAM, >27.83), making these traits suitable for selection for sorghum biomass. There are 10 sorghum genotypes selected based on selection indices that lead to sorghum biomass, namely S1R2, S6R0, S1R1, S7R2, S6R4, S6R5, S6R2, S2R0, S4R3, and S7R1. These genotypes can be used as genetic material for sorghum breeding programs for future bioenergy in Indonesia.
MENUMBUHKAN SEKOLAH HIJAU: PELATIHAN URBAN FARMING DAN EDUKASI LINGKUNGAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG SEKOLAH ADIWIYATA Zendrato, Yuniel Melvanolo; Sheliena, Esther; Ningrum, Priskilah Febi Widya; Simanjuntak, Bistok Hasiholan; Handoko, Yoga Aji; Zai, Novice Enrich; Saputra, Delfio Arga
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 9, No 5 (2025): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v9i5.34706

Abstract

Abstrak: Permasalahan utama dalam implementasi Program Adiwiyata di sekolah adalah terbatasnya kapasitas guru dalam mengintegrasikan praktik pertanian perkotaan (Urban farming) dan pengelolaan sampah organik ke dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru dalam mengembangkan sekolah hijau melalui pelatihan urban farming dan edukasi lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi sosialisasi dan penyuluhan urban farming, pelatihan dan praktik langsung budidaya hortikultura pada polybag dan microgreen, serta pembuatan kompos dan eco-enzym untuk mendukung sekolah dalam program Adiwiyata. Sasaran Mitra kegiatan adalah 25 guru dari SDK 01 Salatiga dan SDK 04 Eben Haezer Salatiga dua sekolah mitra. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pre-test dan post-test serta kuesioner kepuasan peserta. Hasil menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada berbagai indikator, antara lain keterampilan pembuatan microgreen (89,12%), keterampilan pembuatan eco-enzym (71,47%), serta pengetahuan model budidaya pertanian perkotaan di sekolah (70,59%). Secara keseluruhan, kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan guru rata-rata 58,60% dan menumbuhkan motivasi tinggi untuk menerapkan serta mengembangkan praktik ramah lingkungan di sekolah.Abstract: The main problem in implementing the Adiwiyata Program in schools is the limited capacity of teachers to integrate urban farming practices and organic waste management into their learning activities. This community service activity aimed to improve teachers' knowledge and skills in developing green schools through urban farming and environmental education. The methods used include socialization and counseling of urban farming, training, and direct practice in horticultural cultivation in polybags and microgreens, as well as compost and eco-enzyme production to support schools in the Adiwiyata program. The target of this program is to involve 25 teachers from partner schools.The activity partners were 25 teachers from SDK 01 Salatiga and SDK 04 Eben Haezer Salatiga. Evaluation was conducted through pre- and post-tests as well as participant satisfaction questionnaires. The results showed a significant increase in various indicators, including microgreen cultivation skills (89.12%), eco-enzyme production skills (71.47%), and knowledge of urban agricultural cultivation models in schools (70.59%). Overall, this activity succeeded in increasing teachers' knowledge and skills by an average of 58.60% and fostering high motivation to implement and develop environmentally friendly practices in schools.
Co-Authors Bistok Hasiholan Simanjuntak Dina Rotua Valentina Banjarnahor Hondro, Alexandre Meziwasokhi Ningrum, Priskilah Febi Widya Saputra, Delfio Arga Theresa Dwi Kurnia Yoga Aji Handoko Zai, Novice Enrich