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Fani, Ayu Annur
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Gujarat To Malacca: Trade Routes and the Process of Islamization in the Malay Archipelago Fani, Ayu Annur; Soraya, Nyayu; Anggara, Baldi
Journal of Educational Sciences Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences
Publisher : FKIP - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jes.10.1.p.1536-1546

Abstract

This study presents an analysis of Malay civilization and its pivotal role in history, emphasizing that Islamization occurred through longterm social, economic, and cultural interactions. It aims to explain the strategic role of trade routes between Gujarat and Malacca in spreading Islam across the Malay Archipelago. Using a qualitative library research method, the results show that Gujarat functioned as a major trade center and primary intermediary in the Indian Ocean since the 13th century. Through maritime activities, Muslim traders introduced Islamic teachings to Malacca, which evolved into the archipelago’s main religious center. Beyond economic factors, this process was strengthened by intermarriage, cohesive Muslim communities, and adaptive da'wah. Furthermore, the role of Islamic scholars (ulama) was crucial as they served as religious teachers, political advisors, and intellectual figures who adapted Islamic teachings into local Malay culture. This research underscores that such cultural adaptation laid the groundwork for a moderate form of Islam in the archipelago. Ultimately, these historical dynamics provide vital insights into the resilient and adaptive nature of Islamic civilization in Southeast Asia.
Sociocultural Theory and Its Implications for Islamic Education (PAI) Learning in Elementary Schools Fani, Ayu Annur; Suryana, Ermis; Zulhijra, Zulhijra
Journal of Educational Sciences Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): Journal of Educational Sciences
Publisher : FKIP - Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jes.10.3.p.40-51

Abstract

Elementary school education plays a strategic role in shaping students’ cognitive, social, and emotional development; however, teacher-centered learning practices often fail to provide optimal opportunities for meaningful social interaction. This study aims to describe the socio-cultural theory of Lev S. Vygotsky and its implications for Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at the elementary level, specifically at SDN 16 Talang Kelapa, Banyuasin Regency. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach using a case study method to investigate the phenomenon in depth. The findings indicate that the implementation of socio-cultural learning theory in PAI instruction at SDN 16 Talang Kelapa, based on the Merdeka Curriculum, demonstrates that social engagement and interaction among students enhance their understanding of religious concepts in a deeper and more contextual manner. Through collaboration, group discussions, and habitual reflective activities, students not only comprehend the material cognitively but also internalize religious values in their daily lives. Thus, socio-cultural theory is proven effective in fostering active, meaningful, and student-centered learning.
Co-Authors Anggara, Baldi Ermis Suryana Soraya, Nyayu Zulhijra, Zulhijra